THE CENTURY SCIENCE SERIES

CHARLES DARWIN

AND THE

THEORY OF NATURAL SELECTION

BY

EDWARD B. POULTON

M.A., F.R.S., F.G.S., F.L.S., etc.

HOPE PROFESSOR OF ZOOLOGY AT THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD

CORRESP. MEMB. OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

CORRESP. MEMB. OF THE BOSTON SOCIETY OF NAT. HIST.

 

CASSELL and COMPANY, Limited

LONDON, PARIS & MELBOURNE

1896

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BOOK DESCRIPTION: 8vo (19cm)  8vo , 224pp. recent green cloth with paper label.

CONDITION: VERY GOOD-. Recent cloth binding is sound.  Fresh endpapers. Some foxing to edges and text, worst on title page.  No previous names.  A few pencil marks. A cloth-bound, hardback copy of an excellent primer on Dariwn's theory, with a number of previously unpublished items of correspondence.

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Sir Edward Bagnall Poulton, FRS (1856 – 1943) was a British evolutionary biologist who was a lifelong advocate of natural selection. He became Hope Professor of Zoology at the University of Oxford in 1893. In the work on offer, Poulton describes the Origin of Species as "incomparably the greatest work" the biological sciences had seen. Critics of natural selection, Poulton contends, have not taken the time to understand it.

FROM THE INTRODUCTION:

In the following pages I have tried to express a sense of the greatness of my subject by simplicity and directness of statement. The limits of the work necessarily prevented any detailed treatment, the subject of the work prevented originality. We have had the great " Life and Letters " with us for nine years, and this I have used as a mine, extracting what I believed to be the statements of chief importance for the work in hand, and grouping them so as to present what I hope is a connected account of Darwin's life, when considered in relation to his marvellous work; and especially to the great central discovery of Natural Selection and its exposition in the " Origin of Species."

In addition to the invaluable volumes which we owe to the industry, taste, and skill of Francis Darwin, an immense number of other works have been consulted. We live in an age of writing, and of speeches and addresses; and the many sides of Darwin's life and work have again and again inspired the ablest men of our time to write and speak their best—a justification for the freedom with which quotations are spread over the following pages. It is my pleasant duty to express my hearty thanks to many kind friends who have helped in the production of this little work. Mr. Francis Darwin has kindly permitted the use of many of Darwin's letters, which have not as yet been published, and he has given me valuable information and criticism on many points. I have also gained much by discussion and correspondence with my friends Dr. A. R Wallace, Professor E. Kay Lankester, and Professor Meldola. The latter has freely given me the use of his valuable series of letters; and I owe to my friend, Mr. Rowland H. Wedgwood, the opportunity of publishing a single letter of very great interest.

The greater part of the volume formed the subject of two short courses of lectures delivered in the Hope Department of the Oxford University Museum in Michaelmas Term 1894 and Lent Term 1895.

Edward B. Poulton.

Oxford, October, 1896.

FULL CONTENTS LIST AFTER THE PHOTOS:

****OLD STOCK PHOTOS****


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CONTENTS

I.—The Secret of Darwin's Greatness .... 9

II.—Boyhood—Edinburgh—Cambridge (1817-31) . . 16

III.—Voyage of the "Beagle" (1831-36) .... 21

IV.—Cambridge—London—"Work upon the Collections —Marriage—Geological "Work—Journal of the Voyage—Coral Keefs—First Recorded Thoughts on Evolution (1837-42) . . . 25

V.—Down—Geology of the Voyage—Work on Cirripedes (1842-54)......35

VI.—The Growth of the "Origin of Species" (1837-58) 42

VII.—Growth of the " Origin " (continued)—Correspondence with Friends......50

VIII.—Darwin and Wallace (1858).....60

IX.—Darwin's Section of the Joint Memoir read before the Linnean Society' July 1, 1858 . 65

X.—Wallace's Section of the Joint Memoir read before the Linnean Society July' 1, 1858 . 71

XL—Comparison of Darwin's and Wallace's Sections of the Joint Memoir—Heception of their "Views—Their Friendship.....78

XII.—The Growth op Wallace's Convictions on Evolution and Discovery of Natural Selection— Borneo 1855—Ternate 1858 .... 87

XIII.—Canon Tristham the First Publicly to Accept the Theory of Natural Selection (1859) . 92

XIV.—The Preparation of the " Origin of Species " (1858-59)........95

XV.—The Origin of Species (1859).....100

XVI.—The Influence of Darwin upon Lyell (1859-64). 105

XVII.—Influence of Darwin upon Hooker and Asa Gray —Natural Selection and Design in Nature (1860-68)........Ill

XVIII.—Influence of Darwin upon Huxley . . . 119

XIX.—The Difficulty with which the " Origin " was Understood........144

XX.—The Difficulty with which the " Origin " was Understood (continued)—Views on Spontaneous Generation........153

XXI.—Variation of Animals and Plants under Domestication : Pangenesis (1868) .... 161

XXII.—Pangenesis and Continuity of the Germ-Plasm :Darwin's Confidence in Pangenesis . . .178

V XXIII.—Descent of Man — Expression of Emotions — Earth-worms (1871-81).....186

XXIV.—Botanical Works (1862-86).....193

XXV.—Letters from Darwin to Professor Meldola (1871-82)........199 .

XXVI.—His Last Illness (1882)......219

INDEX...........221


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