Enrique Estévez Ochoa
| Enrique Ochoa | ||
|---|---|---|
| Personal information | ||
| Birth | April 27, 1891 The Port of Santa Maria , Spain | |
| Death | September 6, 1978 (87 years old) Palma de Mallorca , Spain | |
| nationality | Spanish | |
| Professional information | ||
| Occupation | Painter | |
| Pseudonym | Enrique Ochoa | |
| Movements | Modernism and Art Deco | |
| [ Edit data in Wikidata ] | ||
Enrique Ochoa was a Spanish painter known for his early 20th century illustrations in magazines such as "Blanco y Negro" , " La Esfera " or "Nuevo Mundo" 1 . Portrait of the Madrid and Catalan-Balearic bourgeoisie, he is also known as "the painter of music" for his paintings giving life to some of the most important works of universal music or "the painter of women" for his elegant portraits of Women of the 20s and 30s.
Index
[ Hide ]Biography
At the age of five he embarks with his family on his way to the Philippine Islands - calling in Singapore - for his father's voluntary isolation against the overseas insurrections. In the Philippine Islands it is where Enrique begins to feel his artistic vocation, but will not be until years later, after the hard moment of the loss of his two parents (his mother dies in the battle of Cavite and his father, gravely ill, it Two years later and back in Spain) and the step to dependence and care of his maternal grandparents, where the little one strengthens his artistic vocation and uses any paper or other support to draw and make his first dribbling.
Her delicate personality is also marked by the harsh shock of the passage of the freedom of the sea, the Castro discipline of Toledo that she had to live after having to enter the Maria Cristina Academy with eight years, academy host of military orphans. It is there, where Enrique, marked by the work of "El Greco", begins his artistic training and obtains his first prizes in drawing, casting and molding.
Of the same academy was also the important painter Rafael Argelés Escriche (1894-1979), who maintained a great friendship with Enrique and both artists received pictorial lessons of the hand of the Turolense artist of Cella, although resident in the imperial Toledo, Ricardo Arredondo and Calmache (1850-1912).
It is with the majority of age, when the young man decides to move to Seville, where he begins to study at the Higher School of Fine Arts and earns his living by painting the characters of the typical Sevillian neighborhoods. On April 2, 1911 he participated and showed his art for the first time to the public, with an oil bearing the title "Impression" at the exhibition of Fine Arts in Seville, at the Casa Lonja. By this time, Enrique signed with both surnames.
In 1914, he settled in the capital of Spain, where he began to stand out as a standard-bearer of modernism and "art deco" illustrating the magazine "For those worlds", when directed by Perojo. His first individual exhibition took place in Madrid between the end of 1914 and the beginning of 1915, in one of the halls of Hispanic tourism. Although it happened unnoticed for the general public, by a bad organization, this exhibition served to him to present many of his works that later would be echoed, like; "The young lady of the lily", "Carmen", "Luis Alonso", "Magdalena", "The blonde", "A gypsy", "Portrait of the sculptor Cluny", "The man of the garden", "Diego" Flowers "," Portrait of the lady of olmedilla "," Aim for the portrait of Pedro Marón "... etc.
In his bohemian days in Madrid, Enrique shared his experiences with Ramón Gómez de la Serna , from which he illustrated his work "La Roja", Mauricio Bacarisse , of which "El Esfuerzo", Jose Bergamin , great artists who helped Ochoa define and Profile your style. He also illustrated the complete works of Rubén Darío published in 1917 2
In 1919, he married Julia Puertas González in the parish of San Antonio de la Florida, the result of this marriage were born three children, two of them died at a young age. The marriage lasted a few years, since in the mid-1920s, Enrique traveled to Barcelona and decided to retire there, where he began a relationship with Carmen Oses Hidalgo, his student, with whom he lived, painted and traveled around the world Until 1961, date of death of this. With his studio in Barcelona, Ochoa becomes one of the favorite portraitists of the city's high bourgeoisie.
In 1936 for one of his most recognized works, La Maja, is awarded the Grand Prix of the Venice Biennale and will be the same year when he leaves for exile in Paris on the occasion of the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War, city in which Will reside until 1939.
He will return to Spain in 1940 to settle permanently in Mallorca. Until 1949, Ochoa is confined in cell number 4 of the Carthusian de Valldemossa, the same one in which Frederick Chopin came to be. In it he creates some of his most intriguing works such as "internal images", reflecting a dream world, and he initiates his so-called "Musical Plástica".
In this stage of maturity will realize numerous expositions and will obtain diverse recognitions like the Extraordinary Prize Princess Sofía in the Hall of Autumn of Madrid in 1969 or the Gold Medal in the Exhibition Grand Prix International of Paris in 1970. That same year will be named " Grand Officier de l'Ordre de PAHC ", member of the Royal Academy of the Arts of Lutèce in Paris.
Finally, on September 6, 1978, he died of heart failure in the city of Palma de Mallorca. His coffin was transferred by air to his hometown, the Port of Santa Maria, where he is dedicated a street with his name.
Work [ edit ]
Ochoa as many of his scholars and art critics have described, is difficult to classify and label for his varied and rich record in numerous disciplines and techniques. Defined by some as a costumbrista, retratista or painter of the bourgeoisie, later like illustrator of the best magazines of his time. Also compared to the pre-Raphaelites, identified with surrealism at the same time as with abstract art or American gesturalism.
Undoubtedly the work of Ochoa is a claim to modernity and the vanguard for its restlessness and constant innovation. Enrique Ochoa, contemporary and friend of Picasso , García Lorca , Alberti , Rubén Darío and Andrés Segovia - among others - dominated all kinds of techniques and resources from illustrations to oil portraits, pastels, watercolors.
Exhibitions
EXHIBITIONS IN THE PAINTER'S LIFE
1911 - House Lonja. Exhibition of Fine Arts of Seville.
1914 - American Hispanic Tourism Hall. Madrid
1918 - Exhibition Paris. Gallery Montmartre
1919 - Exhibition Paris. Gallery Montmartre
1922-1930 - Exhibitions Rome, Milan, Venice
1931 - Barcelona. Gallery Layetana
1932 - Barcelona. Gallery Layetana
1933 - Basque Artists Exhibition. Bilbao
1935 - Exhibition Milan. Gallery Pesaro
1936 - Venice Biennale
1937 - Milan Exhibition. Gallery Pesaro
1938 - Exhibition Paris. Gallery Mirador
1943 - Barcelona Exhibition. Art Gallery
1943 - Exhibition Buenos Aires. Gallery Muler
1943 - Málaga Exhibition.
1944 - Las Palmas Exhibition. Gran Canaria
1945 - Exhibition Tetuán. Art room
1948 - International Exhibition Hispano-Americana.
1949 - Rio de Janeiro Exhibition
1949 - Santa Cruz de Tenerife Exhibition
1950 - Las Palmas Exhibition. Wiot Galleries
1951 - Palma de Mallorca Exhibition. Meliá Art Gallery
1953 - Málaga Exhibition. Gastronomic Society Friends of the Country
1955 - Exhibition Paris. André Weil Gallery. 26 Avenue Matignon
1956 - Exhibition Paris. André Weil Gallery. 26 Avenue Matignon
1958 - Exhibition in Rome.
1964 - Brussels. Gallery Albert I
1965 - Barcelona. Gallery Grife and Escoda. Romancero Gitano by Federico García Lorca
1966 - Tribute to Enrique Ochoa. XXXVII Fall Hall. Madrid
1967 - Collective Exhibition. XXXIX Fall Hall. Palace of the Retiro. Madrid.
1968 - Exhibition. Madrid. Hall of Autumn.
1969 - XL Salon of Autumn. Palace of Velázquez. Madrid.
1970 - Grand Prix International Paris.
1975 - Exhibition Tribute of the artists of Palma de Mallorca. Galería Mundi Art-2 and the Cultural Foundation F. Estrada Saldich.
EXPOSITIONS POST MORTEM
1981. Círculo de Bellas Artes de Madrid. Sala Goya. Antológica Exhibition by Enrique Ochoa
2007. Barceló Foundation. Palma de Mallorca. Enrique Ochoa 1891-1978. Remembrance Exhibition.
2008. Coll Bardolet Cultural Foundation "The shadow of Chopin in Valldemossa". Valldemossa Mallorca
2009 Enrique Ochoa, the painter of music. Space for Art. Caja Madrid Social Work. Aranjuez
2014 "Enrique Ochoa. Ochoa returns to the South. 1914-2014. The painter of music. "Municipal Heritage Museum of Malaga.
2015 "The Ochoa Woman. Modernism and Modernity. "Casal Solleric. Palma de Mallorca.
Prizes, recognitions and decorations [ edit ]
- 1922 - Medal National Exhibition of Fine Arts. Madrid
- 1936 - Venice Biennial Exhibition Prize
- 1943 Academic Appointment of Fine Arts of Malaga
- 1948 - First National Award. "D. Quijote "at the International Hispanic-American Exposition.
- 1958 - Prize International Art Sacro (First Medal) in Rome
- 1966 - Medal of the Hall of Autumn of Madrid. Jesús Aramburu Award. Pallet of Gold (Casa Calles Award)
- 1967 - Named Favorite Son of El Puerto de Santa María
- 1968 - First medal in the Hall of Autumn of Madrid
- 1969 - Extraordinary Prize Princess Sofía. Hall of Autumn. Madrid
- 1970 - Member and vice-president of the Academy of Fine Arts of San Sebastián de Palma
- 1970 - Gold medal at the Paris International Grand Prix Exhibition. It is named "Grand Officier de l'Ordre de PAHC". Member of the International Academy of the Arts of Lutèce.
- 1975. Appointed academic of the Royal Academy of Fine Arts of Santa Isabel de Hungary of Seville.