Lens Series Tair is probably one of the few that have been developed in the Soviet Union from scratch. First fotosnayper was released for the needs of the defense industry, the trial party in 1937, and was used with a modified camera "FED". However, civilian model became available only in 1953, under the symbol FS-2. In 1982, to replace the FS-3 kit produces 18 years with many design flaws, I came to the FS-12. Fotosnayper-12 existed on the line until 1990.
Despite the new name, in fact - in the kit have been eliminated only some cosmetic flaws previous release; camera is replaced by a Zenit-TTL, modified by the use of a part of Photo Pack. In 1966, a set of FS-3 testing took place the All-Union Scientific Research Institute of Technical Aesthetics, and not all of the comments that have been passed on behalf Zverev Krasnogorsk Factory, were able to reach implementation photogun design.
CAMERA, LENS AND ACCESSORIES
Set "Fotosnayper-12" includes lenses Tair-3C 300mm f / 4, Helios-44m-4 58mm f / 2; filters, camera Zenit-12C with the trigger being duplicates at the bottom of the unit, slotted screwdriver, tape a film, a rubber hood Tair-3C carriage (a bed with the focus) and a metal box, belts. Photogun is composed of three main parts - the camera Zenit-12C, a long lens Tair-3C (300mm f / 4.5), a bed with a handle, trigger and shoulder rest.
Selecting the camera Zenit-12C is justified by the presence of the camera mirror constant sight and the TTL-exposure meter. In spite of this, the use of the built-in exposure meter camera when shooting using the camera lens Tair-3C possible with a camera Zenith-12c and any other film, as in other cases, the exposure meter will have to use the camera just for orientation. To improve the accuracy of the metering pin available on the tail of the lens through which data is transmitted in the clarifying light meter Zenit-12C. Price of a set as of 1987 was 380 rubles, which was more expensive than the FS-3 100 rubles. At one time, the FS-3 to reduce the cost of the proposed applying a cheaper camera Zenit-3M without meter mirror and a constant sight.
Gun equipped with five filters, four of which can be used by experts only. For example, the same JS-17. And the hunt filters changed too troublesome thing. Included are three photogun cassette under the film, one of which is in the camera, and the two are fixed to the cover case. VNIITE Commission in 1966 proposed to introduce additional slots for cartridges, as well as provide them with inscriptions of exposed and unexposed, in order to avoid mistakes reuse of exposed film. Includes PS-12 is also present rubber lens hood Tair-3C.
Included with the camera Zenit-12C Distributed eyecup, without which it is possible injury to the eye due to the particular rounded shape of the viewfinder eyepiece.
LODGE photogun
Photogun Lodge is a device carrying a camera and lens. By the bed is attached shoulder strap. The design of the mechanism used bed lowering the lens aperture and the camera shutter. Moreover, on the camera Zenit-12C has a special connector, without which the shutter by pressing the trigger will not be possible. Handle the lodge is not located in the center of gravity of the system and offset slightly to the camera. Because of this, the right hand is experiencing constant load. Thus while the focus has to also support the lens with the left hand box. Progress hammer strap is adjusted with the screws on the lever of the trigger.
By this "gun carriage" lens is screwed tightly threaded connection.
The design of the bed is such that only allows you to attach a lens Tair-3C, and no other. With frequently changing on the photo hunt shooting conditions, this can bring some inconvenience, as sometimes required operational change lens to a smaller focal length, but a large aperture ratio, or vice versa. Installing other lenses require rework focus principle. Also, the use of tele-converter to a bunch of Tahir-3C and Zenith-12C is impossible, again, because of the design of the bed. Apart from the bed of the lens is extremely inconvenient to use because of the size of the lens and the principle of its focus.
VNIITE Commission during the evaluation system in 1966, proposed to reduce the trigger pull the hook and increase the smoothness of its stroke. This was taken into account in the preparation of pre-production system as a whole.
Shoulder Rest
Shoulder rest for sustainability photosniper. Offer VNIITE Commission to equip the stop hinge in 1966 to improve the usability series was not realized. The reference platform is non-perpendicular stop shoulder, hence there is another inconvenience in operation. Located on the axis of the viewfinder, the focus is also offered to equip the tap for improved ergonomics. Eliminating this disadvantage is not marked on the set Fotosnayper - December 1987 issue.
CASE
The metal case is set storage means, and the protection system as a whole. In case camera gun stored unassembled, while playing the role of an intermediate storage location. In spite of its monumentality, in the case did not reflect one important quality - easy operation. Given the conditions photogun operation, we can safely say that the transportation photogun in a case directly to the place of hunting, it is possible only under the condition that camera gun will be folded into the case.
Weight of the case - almost two kilograms, weight of the kit as a whole, as well as the dimensions, allows the simultaneous carrying of the case and photosniper disassembled provided that the holder is mounted behind on the type of backpack. In the absence of guns in the coffer, and setting it on the ground, a case overturned. Has the ability to mount on the shoulders of the photographer, fastening takes place by means of leather straps, which were also included. Inside, all the accessories are fastened to the case-box or clamping fixture.
Screw fixing and clips riveted to the main body.
LENS TAIR-3S. GENERAL INFORMATION
optical circuit calculation takes David Samuilovich hair (later, the author of the book "Photographic Optics" (1971 p. 339). Lens production started in the mid 50th of the last century, and was completed in 2005. In 1958, the lens Tahir-3FS (set Fotosnayper-3) won the Grand Prix in Brussels, and a year later he was awarded the Diploma of II degree USSR National Economy. Applied included Fotosnayper-12 lens Tair-3S has satisfactory optical properties (see. table TX at the end of the article), but has at the same time a lot of weight (about one and a half kilograms).
Tair-3S 300mm can be seen as a simple and multiprosvetleniem (MS). Early copies (Tahir-3FS) issued a white body. Tair-3S has structurally distinct fellow Tahir-11A, 33, 38TS, 56, forming a series, releases almost 60 years. Tahir 3A - we can say, the twin brother of Tahir-3C (differences in hull and machinery installation of the diaphragm).
Known experimental model lens Tahir-3T (TV) which had the possibility of using a high-resolution photo materials (up to 130 lines \ mm against 68 in production models). At various times the lenses were produced by the Kazan Optical and Mechanical Plant (KOMZ), Krasnogorsk plant named after SA Zverev and Zagorsk Optical and Mechanical Plant, Sergiev Posad.
PHYSICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Thread diameter filters under Tair-3C 300 mm - 72 mm lens is really huge. Length about 30 cm, weight - half a kilogram.
lens frame made of aluminum. The basis weight is a gluing the front lens. The lens requires a tripod, since in low light even at f / 4.5, we obtain guaranteed blur the image if you do not find the stop. In sunny weather, the lens works wonders. Using lenses Tair-3 recommended in case it was necessary to get a good picture quality.
Despite the apparent solidity of the construction, the lens is quite delicate and requires careful attitude. The slightest misalignment of lenses (even at 0.03 mm) can cause damage to the image. In particular, the front bonding provides tangible aberrations in violation of the geometry.
FOCUSING
Instant focus - is undeniable advantage in the work. However, in the design of the lens Tair-3S design is applied, which does not allow a rapid response to changing circumstances. Plus, affect the problem of alignment bed. Full turn the focus of the drum is carried out for 4 to intercept arms and is about 270 degrees. Focusing is performed by rotating the racks on the front end of the lens barrel. When focusing pushed forward a massive part of the lens, hence - a vacuum cleaner.
IRIS, WATCHING GRIP
The diaphragm has a manual preliminary squad, during the descent trigger photogun occurs first diaphragm closure to the set value (and only then fires the shutter is cocked the device). This gives a certain inconvenience during operation. For example, to view the depth of field we have, first cock the diaphragm (to open it), and then (putting the right value) to lower it by pressing the trigger.
16-blade iris provides perfectly smooth blur circles in the region. Failure to comply with the rules of operation inside the lens condensation and diaphragm blades may stick together - guaranteed disassembly and lens MOT. The lens no depth of field scale.
COMPENSATION The TAIR-3S
To finally got the correct exposure at the pictures in the camera lens transmits set the aperture and the exposure meter is already making a correction based on the current lighting conditions. Arrow galvanometer in the viewfinder is deflected towards the introduction of the necessary exposure compensation. Given the step shutter mode selector, the values obtained approximate. Pay attention to the electrical connection of the lens with a camera - in the absence of contact, the galvanometer needle will show the parameters calculated on the basis of arriving at the moment of illumination, without an amendment of the lens.
I'd add that the use of a part of the kit, the lens showed a very good image quality is quite good that the film, which is the figure (used with the Canon 60D). The town attracts the attention of others. Birds in the forest are not afraid of clicking the diaphragm mechanism, if adjust the spring tension accordingly.
Format: 35mm SLR
Type: Prime lens
Focusing: Manual Focus (MF)
Lens mounts: M42
First year of production: 1953
Last year of production: 2005
Optical design: 3 elements in 3 groups
Specifications:
Focal length 300mm
Max. aperture f / 4.5
Min. aperture f / 22
Blades 16
Min. Focus (m.) 3
Filter Ø (mm.) 72
Weight (gr / oz) 1400 / 49.4
Length (mm / in). 310 / 12.2
Additional information:
Tair-3S 300 mm f / 4.5 (Russian: "Tahir-3C")
Focal length: 300 mm (299.89 mm)
Angle of view: 8 °
Frame size: 24x36 mm
Front focal length: 371.67 mm
Back focal length: 142.34 mm
Distance from the front to the rear optical surface: 145.4 mm
Working distance: 45.2 mm 45.5 mm
Resolution: (0/10 mm / 20 mm): 45/43/38 lpmm
Resolution according to the technical specifications (center / edge): 36/30/38 lpmm
Coefficient of transparency: 0.80
Geometric vignetting: 40%
Obvious pros of the Tair-3S 300 mm f/4.5
Butt - a convenient thing for mobility, you can go here and there without bothering with a tripod.
Very decent sharpness from f/8 onwards.