This prolific variety bears 50-60 shells per plant in a good growing environment. Each shell contains 1 or two jumbo size peanuts. A good project for children.Delicious when roasted. Try making your own homemade peanut butter. Kids love to grow them! Perfect for kids school projects!Full of protein and other vital nutrients, peanuts are a healthy and tasty choice for your vegetable garden. A hardy and easy-to-grow choice.
Jumbo Virginia is a tasty peanut with 1 or 2 extra-large nuts per pod. For maximum productivity, the vines need to be frost free for 4months and grow best in well-drained soil. Under favorable conditions, plant yields 50-60 pods. One pound of seed will plant a 75 ft. row.Sun: Full Sun
Spread: 8 inches
Height: 10-12 inches
Days to Maturity: 120 days
Sowing Method: Direct Sow
Growing Peanuts in the Garden
Flower pot or container with drainage hole (6-8 inches in diameter)
Sandy or sandy loam soil
Method:
Soak peanuts in water overnight
Fill pot with soil to one inch below rim
Plant three peanuts 1 to 2 inches deep. Cover firmly with soil but do not pack
Keep soil moist (not wet). Maintain a temperature of 65 degrees F. or above (80 degrees F. is ideal)
Peanuts should sprout within five to eight days. Continue to keep plant in a warm location exposed to direct sunlight as much as possible. Blooms will likely appear approximately 45 days after the peanut plant has emerged. (Production of peanuts on potted plant is unlikely, but may occur if kept growing for a minimum of three months)
CLIMATE FOR PEANUTS For high yields and superior quality, peanuts require a moderate growing period (110 to 120 days) with a steady, rather high temperature and a moderate, uniformly distributed supply of moisture. The growing season should be long, warm and moist, and the harvest season should be dry.
SOIL FOR PEANUTS Light-colored, well-drained, sandy loam soils are ideal for growing peanuts. Since the taproot of the peanut plant frequently penetrates to a depth of 18 inches, it is important that the subsoil be deep and well drained and without tendencies to become excessively dry.
*Peanuts should not be grown on the same land for successive years (alternate with corn, potatoes, etc.).
SOIL PREPARATION AND FERTILIZATION
Soil should be worked until loose and prepared. Space rows 24 to 36 inches apart.
Peanuts respond best to residual fertilization that has been applied to the crop preceding the peanuts; however, if the area to be planted has not been fertilized during the prior 12 months, then prior to planting, apply 10 pounds 0-10-20 fertilizer per 1,000 square feet.
PLANTING Plant seeds as early as possible in the spring after there is no danger of frost. Plant only when the soil is moist and at least 65E F. at seed depth, (2 to 4 inches).
Space seeds four to six inches apart at a depth of about two inches. Cover furrows with soil and lightly pack. Plants emerge in 10 to 15 days depending on soil and weather conditions. When plants are about one inch high, thin to about eight inches apart.
Control grass and weeds. In cultivating, never throw dirt on the peanut plant.
FURTHER FERTILIZATION When blossoms appear on the peanut plants, apply Gypsum [calcium (CaSO4) sulphate] in a 14-inch band over the plants (does not burn) at the rate of 15 lbs. per 1,000 square feet. This is essential to the formation of the peanut kernels.
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT As the peanut plant grows and develops, small yellow blossoms appear that are capable of self-pollination. With maturity, these blooms wilt and a stem or “peg” forms. Gravity pulls the peg downward into the soil where the peanut pod forms.
The outer shell reaches full size well before the individual peanuts mature. Each plant produces between 25 and 50 peanuts. Mature plants may be as large as 36 inches in diameter and about 18 inches tall.
The peanut plant has a fruiting period of about two months. All pods do not “set” or ripen evenly. The object is to harvest when the greatest number of pods are matured.
Harvest
DIGGING When a peanut is ripe, the veins of the hull are prominent and the inside of the hull has turned dark. If the inside of the hull is white, the pod is immature. Pull a plant to examine pods for readiness. Dig when about two-thirds of the pods on a plant are mature.
If the soil is packed down around the plant, loosen it gently. Shake off as much of the soil as possible (if the earth is damp and sticks to the peanuts, shake again later when it has had time to dry.)
DRYING (OR CURING) Allow plants, with peanuts still attached, to “cure” in full hot sun for four to seven days (may be left, turned peanuts side up on the garden row) or inside a dry, well ventilated area (may be hung or spread in garage basement or storage building). Ventilation is important to the curing process of reducing the initial moisture level of about 50% to a safe storage level of about 10%. Inside curing may take from two to four weeks. When the curing process is completed, peanuts may be separated from the plant and used or stored.
STORAGE Peanuts should be stored in a cool, dry place. They keep fresh indefinitely when stored in a tightly closed container in the freezer.
Did You Know: It takes about 540 peanuts to make a 12-ounce
jar of peanut butter.
We have a wide
variety of Organic, Heirloom, Rare,Exoctic, Open-pollinated
& NON GMO ,Vegetable, Herb, Fruit, and Flower Seeds for sale.
"Most hot pepper
varieties require a constant temperature of 80 F to 85 F to germinate!"
Most people, following
proper directions should be able to germinate easy and moderate seeds without
much trouble.
Important,
Please Read
All seeds have been test
sown to ensure germination. Please familiarize yourself with growing conditions
and instructions for your seeds before you plant them, as all seeds are
different. Basic growing instructions can be found under each listing.
We Cannot Guarantee how
much you will be able to grow, as too
many variables come into play, soil condition, your ability to garden, weather
etc. I guarantee that they arrive as described and are in good viable condition
and the germination rates are accurate.
Problem
Problems must be
reported to us within 14 days of receiving the product. Shipping costs will
only be refunded if the incorrect product was sent or received damaged or
defective. Your money will be refunded in the same manner it was paid. Seller
promises seed to be fresh. Seed is a live product, which depends on many
important grower skills such as proper planting time, seed depth, type of soil,
watering, light intensity, proper use of fertilizers, weed controls,
fungicides, insecticides, soil conditions, and reasonable weather during the
growing period. These factors are totally out of the sellers control, and
germination and growing results are the buyer's responsibility and risk. Seller
cannot be responsible for buyers growing methods or mistakes. All seed sales
are final. No refunds or replacements after the 14 days have expired. By
clicking 'buy it now’, you are agreeing to these terms.
By placing an order
you are agreeing to sale under these terms.
PAYMENT ·we accept payments through PayPal only.
SHIPPING
We try our best to ship orders on schedule ("shipped" estimated arrival,) however,
during the busy season, (January-May) package may delayed. Yes, We Combine
Shipping!
If you are purchasing multiple items and wish to take
advantage of our combined shipping rates, Place each item in your eBay shopping
cart until you are finished shopping.Always
use eBay Shopping Cart to collect, buy and pay at once for all the
seeds together to avoid possible shipping over-payments.
Please Pay for all items at once, Combine
shipping discounts does not apply to item that has been purchased and paid
separately.
We always ship
using PayPal shipping address. Please make sure your Current address is up to
date with PayPal. We are not responsible for packages that are lost due to an
incorrect shipping address.
FOR INTERNATIONAL BUYERS
If you are purchasing
multiple items and wish to take advantage of our combined shipping rates, Place
each item in your eBay shopping cart until you are finished shopping..Then
“Request Total From Seller”
If checkout makes a mistake figuring combined shipping, I will refund the
amount. ·Most items will be shipped via USPS. ·We do offer any express or overnight
shipping. ·Any questions regarding shipping or
items, please feel free to contact us.
TRACKING ·Most Domestic (US) packages include
Online Tracking Number. ·If the tracking information showing
that your item has been delivered and you did not receive your order, please go
to your local USPS (Post Office) and take your tracking # information with you.
Shipping to: United States, Canada, United Kingdom, Denmark, Romania, Slovakia,
Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Finland, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Estonia,
Australia, Greece, Portugal, Cyprus, Slovenia, Japan, China, Sweden, Korea,
South, Indonesia, Taiwan, South Africa, Thailand, Belgium, France, Hong Kong,
Ireland, Netherlands, Poland, Spain, Italy, Germany, Austria, Israel, Mexico,
New Zealand, and Singapore.
INTERNATIONAL ·International USPS First Class mail
does not include online tracking. ·International PRIORITY and EXPRESS mail
includes online tracking. ·Buyers are responsible for customs
duties, taxes, and/or fees. ·Unclaimed packages do not qualify as a
lost package. ·International shipping by USPS can take up to 30 days or longer.
Please be patient.
HOW TO REQUEST A CANCELATION
Step # 1 -- Navigating to Purchased Items As you
can see here we have just bought an item and eBay is asking us to pay for it.
At the top of the page mouse over the "My eBay" option and in the
menu that appears click "Summary".
Step # 2 -- Contacting the Seller On the page that loads find the item that you
just bought and find the "More actions" link next to it. Click on
this and in the menu that appears click "Contact seller". A new page
will load and you need to select the "Request to change an order" box
then at the bottom select "No, I want to contact the seller" and
click "Continue". Step # 3 -- Sending a Message about Cancelling
the Item A page will load and you will be able to enter a
message to the seller (us). Remember,
it is the Seller choice (US)whether they cancel the purchase so you should give
a good reason why you don't want the item.Click the "Send" button and the
message will be sent to the seller. Now you simple have to wait for them to get
back to you about whether they (we) will cancel the item or not and that is how
to cancel eBay order.
RETURN POLICY
RETURN YOUR ORDER FOR A REFUND, We will process your refund when we receive
your return.
Problems must be reported
to us within 14 days of receiving the product. Shipping costs will only be
refunded if the incorrect product was sent or received damaged or defective.
Your money will be refunded in the same manner it was paid ·Original shipping fees & Handling
charges are Non-Refundable. ·Unclaimed packages do not qualify as a lost package. ·International shipping by USPS can take
up to 30 days or longer. Please be patient. ·Most items are returnable if they are
returned in the condition in which they were received. ·All shipping costs will be the
responsibility of the buyer. ·If an item was unintentionally
misrepresented or a mistake was made on our part, we will make it right! ·Please contact us to arrange an
exchange, return/refund. FEEDBACK/QUESTION ·If you have any concerns or questions,
please do not hesitate to contact us. ·Please read descriptions and/or
questions prior to committing to your purchase. ·All messages will be responded within
1-2 business days. ·We would greatly appreciate if you
would reciprocate upon receipt of your purchase. ·If there is a problem with your
order, give us a chance to make it right before leaving negative feedback.
Additional Policies
and FAQs
All seeds are for
planting purposes only, and should not be consumed. We identify all plants and
seeds to the absolute best of our abilities and take great care to make sure
both species and varieties are sourced and identified correctly. However, some
species are similar in appearance and nature, and Caribbeangarden does not make
any guarantee or hold any liability if germinated seeds show production,
genotypic, or phenotypic differences from parent sources. Many of our seeds,
including vegetables, tomatoes, peppers, and others, are open-pollinated and as
such, cross-pollination may sometimes occur. Therefore, resulting plants and/or
fruits can occasionally show differences from parent plants and/or fruits. We
offer no explicit warranty on any seeds but in most cases are happy to work
with customers or provide replacements for seeds suspected of non-viability.
Liability is always limited to the purchase price of the seeds only. In no
event shall Caribbeangarden be liable for consequential damages, regardless of
the nature, the cause, or the extent of loss. Your satisfaction is very
important to us. Many tropical seeds have widely varying germination times.
Please refer to Information place below the listing for tips on germination and
estimated germination times, or e-mail us with any further questions.
Caribbeangarden shall
not be held liable for any damages, either direct or consequential from the use
of our seeds.
By placing an order
you are agreeing to sale under these terms.
When To Plant ?
The best time to plant in your area depends on the climate and
rainfall patterns as well as the species you are planting. In cool climates,
plant annuals, perennials or mixtures of annuals and perennials in spring,
early summer or late fall. Fall plantings should be late enough so that seeds
do not germinate until spring. Perennials can also be sown in early fall
provided that there are at least 10-12 weeks of growing time before the plants
go dormant for the winter. Late fall plantings are advantageous when
supplemental irrigation cannot be provided and adequate rainfall is anticipated
in the spring.
In mild climates, plant during the cooler months of the year,
fall through spring, for best results. Fall plantings done prior to periods of
rainfall will insure an early display of flowers the following spring.
Cold Treatment
Dampen a paper
towel, place the flower seeds on the towel and seal it in a ziploc bag. Place
the bag in the refrigerator for 3 - 4 weeks.
What is an heirloom or heritage seed?
The terms heirloom and heritage are synonymous. An heirloom plant is an
open-pollinated, cultivated plant, or cultivar. Heirloom plants are not used in
modern large-scale agricultural, but they were traditionally grown during
earlier periods in human history. All heirloom seed are open-pollinated. What is the difference
between open-pollinated and hybrid seeds?
Open-pollinated plants are pollinated by birds, insects, wind, or other natural
means. Under these conditions the plant will produce seeds naturally. When
these seeds are harvested and re-planted they will reproduce the same plant as
the parent. Conversely, a hybrid plant is the result of controlled pollination
of inbred parent plants. The plant’s seeds are often sterile and, if they do
germinate, they will not reliably produce the same plant as the parent or the
yields. What is the difference
between GMO and non-GMO seeds?
A genetically modified organism (GMO) is an organism whose genetic substance
has been changed using genetic engineering methods. Non-GMO seeds have not been
genetically changed, and they are traditionally the same as they were
originally created. Non-GMO seeds have all of the nutrition that animal and
human bodies need for maximum growth and nutrition. Traditional seeds grow into
plants that have been consumed for thousands of years. Non-GMO seeds offer you
the peace of mind that the foods you grow and eat are as nature intended.
Seed Germination Tips
Tropical
Seeds
Germinating tropical seeds can be both exceedingly easy, and very tricky.
Certain seeds begin to sprout inside the fruit as it ripens. Many other seeds
go into a period of dormancy that must be broken for them to germinate.
Considering that "tropical seeds" encompass plants growing in such varying,
but often subtlely different climates, there are a number of different
strategies for germinating tropical seeds in your garden. Below we list a
number of species, with general and specific tips on germination. The only
constant requirement for pretty much any seed is to keep the soil temperature
warm, usually about 75-85F. Always remember, tropical seeds are not the same as
the tomato, vegetable and flower of seeds you might find at a local garden
store. They have widely varying germination times that can range anywhere from
the Ice Cream Bean (Inga edulis), which germinates
while still inside the fruit, to many types of palms, which average up to 9-12
months for germination. Fortunately the latter is the exception, not the norm.
Germinating the exotics can be quite fun and extremely rewarding, but often
requires a different mindset and different approach than that used for
germinating the common garden annuals.
Garden
Vegetable and Flower Seeds
Standard garden annuals, plants such as tomatoes, peppers, corn, poppies,
lettuce, etc. are in general, some of the easiest seeds to germinate. A world
apart in germination ease from some of the tropicals, most will germinate
rapidly (within days to a week or two) under standard conditions. A few, such
as the peppers can be trickier, so read some of our comments below. For the
most part, garden annuals need minimal pre-treatment and germinate fairly well
in regular soil and with moderate water. Soil temperature requirements vary,
with certain seeds such as tomatoes and peppers germinating best in warmer
soils and others such as lettuce, may germinate well in cooler soils.
A
Note on Our Seeds We take the utmost
care in handling and delivering fresh seeds. We pride ourselves on the quality
and diversity of the seeds we offer and we routinely test our seeds for
viability and germination. We never are going to send you old, musty seeds that
have been laying on a shelf for years. We use the very same seeds we send to
customers to germinate our own plants. Our product offerings have a lot of
turnover, specifically because we strive to offer seeds in season and keep
storage of seeds at a minimum. We at Trade Winds Fruit greatly value your
business and wish you all the best in your gardening endeavors!
Other
general tips and notes:
- For difficult to germinate or hard-coated seeds, soaking seeds
in a warm, moist paper towel, or in warm water, for 24 hours prior to planting
also helps to break dormancy.
- Keep the soil warm! Many tropicals, just like tomatoes (which are originally
from the tropics) require night time soil temperatures to be warm for
germination. Even if your day time highs are well into the 70's, the soil may
cool off so much at night that the seeds never start.
- Also note that many tropical seeds may be planted in sub-optimal conditions,
only to germinate months (sometimes even a year or more) later when the soil
warms up, or conditions are more favorable. Passiflora seeds are notorious
for this.
- For tropical seeds: don't store seeds for extended periods of time. They are
best planted sooner than later. While some varieties, e.g. Passifloracan be stored for several months or
up to a year or two, many tropical seeds loose viability much faster. Some
types may last only a few days or weeks. Particularly short viability seeds are
always noted on package instructions, but in general, all seeds should be
planted as quickly as is reasonable. Germination rates will decrease over time.
- Giberellic acid may also be applied for seeds that are more difficult to
germinate. Temperate Seeds: A few require
cold-stratification for germination. We've tried to include this information
when available, but proper cold-stratification generally requires a few weeks
to a few months of the seeds stored at refrigerator temperatures prior to
planting.
Tropical Fruit, Ornamental, Perennial, Herb Seeds
Species
Germination Time
Difficulty
Notes
Acacia
species
3-4 weeks-A few months
M
Seeds
are best soaked in room temperature water for 24 hours prior to planting.
Some methods include lightly scarifying the seed coat, but care should be
taken to not harm the embryo inside. Seeds should then be planted in
sterilized soil at 75-85F. Germination times vary, with some seeds showing
quick germination within a couple of weeks and some requiring a few months.
Aegle
marmelos
3-8 weeks
E
Use
warm (75-90F) soil. Do not overwater, seeds are sensitive to rot. Water when
soil surface begins to dry.
Annona
species
2 weeks-
4 months
E-M
Break
dormancy with warm soil, or pre-soak. Sprouting usually begins 1-3 months
later, but can take longer.
Artocarpus
species
1-3 weeks
Seeds
should be planted immediately. Germination usually begins within a week or
two in warm soil.
Asiminia
triloba
1-6 months
M-H
May
benefit from cold stratification in moist peat or soil at 34-42F for several
weeks prior to planting. Upon planting, use warm soil (70-85F), keep
moderately moist. Germination can be slow and a bit erratic, usually
averaging a couple of months.
Berberis
species
3-12 months
M-H
Extremely
variable. Seeds of most species benefit from cold stratification storage at
34-40F for several weeks prior to planting. Seeds are very slow to germinate
and tend to show highly erratic germination times.
Billardiera
longiflora
1-12 months
M-H
Dried
seeds are slow and erratic in germination time. Best germination seems to
happen with day/night soil temperatures around 70F/60F, though some sources
suggest using warmer soil. Use very well drained soil, keep humidity moderate
to high. Can take up to a year to germinate.
Bomarea
species
1-9 months
M
Extremely
variable. Seeds sometimes germinate within a few weeks but may go dormant and
require several months. Moderate temperatures seem best for germination
(60-75F). Seeds germinate well in peat.
Borojoa
patinoi
3-8 weeks
E-M
Use
warm (75-90F) soil. Do not overwater, seeds are sensitive to rot. Water when
soil surface begins to dry.
Brosimum
species
2-4 weeks
Seeds
usually begin germination upon removal from the fruit. Root growth begins
almost immediately, shoot growth can take a couple weeks longer.
Brugmansia
species
2-8 weeks
E-M
Variable.
Plant at 70-80F. Germination usually takes at least a couple of weeks, but
can take up to a couple of months. Different species show varying germination
times.
Carica
species
2-6 weeks
E
Generally
sprouts in 2-6 weeks. Will take much longer if soil temperature is cool.
Casimiroa
species
2-4 weeks
E
Generally
sprouts in 2-4 weeks. Will take much longer if soil temperature is cool.
Citrus
species
2 weeks-
6 months
M
Can
take a couple of weeks up to 3-6 months to sprout. Make sure the soil is warm
(75-85F), make sure soil is sterile. Dried citrus seeds must break dormancy
to germinate, which can be tricky and time consuming.
Citrus
Blood Oranges
2 weeks-
6 months
M
Blood
oranges often come true to seed, unlike some other Citrus sinensis varieties. Most major blood orange
varieties are usually seedless, but will produce some seeded fruits. Fruiting
takes 6-12 years from seed. Follow planting directions for general Citrus.
Coffea
species
1 week-
3 months
E-M
Variable,
tend to be picky about warm temperatures. Keep soil at least 75F, seeds will
usually then sprout in a few weeks. Dormancy can be be tough to break so
seeds often take up to a few months to sprout.
Datura
species
2-6 weeks
E
Warm
(75-85F), wet soil is usually sufficient for reasonably fast germination.
Eugenia
species
varies
Many Eugenia species are marginally hardy, or subtropical. Seeds can take
several weeks to begin root growth, and longer for shoot growth. Seeds can vary
quite a bit, and some may begin sprouting almost immediately.
Eugenia
stipitata
Eugenia victoriana
2-6 months
M
Garcinia
species
1-4 weeks
Plant
immediately. Germination is generally slow, but quick. Seeds of some species
occasionally produce shoots prior to roots. Warm soil (75-85F) is a must.
Don't overwater but keep moderately moist. Plant in shade.
Helianthus
species (Sunflowers)
1-2 weeks
E
Warm
(65-85F), wet soil is usually sufficient for fast germination.
Inga
species
1-3 weeks
E
Usually
begin root and shoot growth while still inside the fruit. Plant immediately.
Ixora
species
4-12 weeks
M
A bit
slow to germinate in our experience. Warm to hot soil seems to work best.
Water moderately.
Jaltomata
species
2-6 weeks
E
Seeds
usually germinate within 2-6 weeks at 75-85F.
Lactuca
virosa
2-4 weeks
E
Warm
(65-85F), wet soil is usually sufficient for fast germination. A bit slower
to germinate in our experience than typical garden lettuce.
Litchi
chinensis
1-4 weeks
Plant
immediately. Do not dry. Seeds generally begin germination rapidy in moist,
warm (75-90F) soil.
Luffa
species
2-6 weeks
E
Warm
(75-85F), wet soil is usually sufficient for fast germination. Generally a
bit slower to germinate than common melons.
Macadamia
species
1-5 months
M
Pre-soaking
speeds germination. Also consider scarification (cutting) of hard outer shell
to allow water to penetrate the interior. If scarification is performed,
extra care must be kept to make sure the soil is sterile so fungus and bugs
will not eat the seed kernel.
Malpighia
species
3-12 months
H-VH
Very
erratic and slow germination. Some seeds may germinate quickly, others may
take up to 12 months and longer. Plant in moderately moist soil, at 70-85F.
Use well drained soil and do not overwater.
Marlierea
species
4-16 weeks
E-M
Variable,
some seeds sprout within a few weeks, others take much longer.
Morinda
citrifolia
6-12 months
M
Reliable,
though very slow germination. Minimum time required is usually 6 months. Soil
needs to be warm (75-90F) and moderately moist.
Ocimium
species (Basil)
1-4 weeks
E
Warm
(70-85F), wet soil is usually sufficient for fast germination.
Papaver
species (Poppies)
1-4 weeks
E
Warm
(65-80F), wet soil is usually sufficient for fast germination. Hot
temperatures sometimes inhibit germination.
Passiflora
species
3 weeks-
8 months
M
Variable.
Warm water pre-soak is highly recommended. Some people will soak in very
warm, (+140F) water for a short period of time to break dormancy, although
care should be taken not to kill the seed embryo. Seeds tend to be killed
around 170-180F. Once dormancy is broken, seeds may germinate within 3-12
weeks. Seeds with delayed breaking of dormancy generally take 3-8 months to
germinate.
Physalis
species
2-6 weeks
E
Seeds
usually germinate within 2-6 weeks at 75-85F.
Psidium
species
1 week-
4 months
E-M
Variable,
some seeds sprout within 1-3 weeks, others take much longer. Soil must be at
70-85F for reliable germination results.
Puya
species
3 weeks -
3 months
M
Varying
germination times. Use warm soil (75-85F) and lightly water. Seeds are prone
to rot. Water when soil surface begins to dry.
Ribes
species
3-12 months
M-H
Extremely
variable and often difficult. Seeds of most species benefit from cold
stratification storage at 34-40F for several weeks prior to planting. Seeds
are very slow to germinate and tend to show highly erratic germination times.
Rubus
species
3-12 months
M-H
Extremely
variable and often difficult. Seeds of most species benefit from cold
stratification storage at 34-40F for several weeks prior to planting. Seeds
are very slow to germinate and tend to show highly erratic germination times.
Sapindus
species
1-4 months
E-M
Seeds
have a hard seed coat; some sources suggest scarifying. We have had luck
either way. Use warm (75-85F) soil.
Solanum
melongena
2-6 weeks
E
Seeds
usually germinate within 2-6 weeks at 75-85F.
Solanum
quitoense
4-8 weeks
E
Seeds
usually germinate within 2-6 weeks at 75-85F.
Solanum
sessiliflorum
4-8 weeks
E
Seeds
usually germinate within 2-6 weeks at 75-85F.
Solanum
uporo
2 weeks - 4 months
E
Variable.
Use warm (75-90F) soil. Seeds can go into a sort of dormancy. Warmth and
humidity speeds germination.
Synsepalum
dulcificum
1 week -
3 months
Germination
often begins quickly but can be extremely slow when it starts. May take a few
weeks for roots to begin to develop and longer for a shoot to break the soil
surface.
Syzygium
species
1-4 weeks
Tropical
ones tend to have seeds that must be planted immediately upon harvest, and
will usually begin growing roots within days. e.g. S. aromaticum, S. mallacense Subtropical
species, or marginally hardy tropical species, have seeds that can often be
stored a few months, and usually break dormancy in warm soil. Most will begin
root growth in a few weeks, although shoot growth can take a bit longer.
e.g. S. cordatum, cuminii, jambos,
oleosum, paniculatum
Theobroma
species
1 week -
1 month
Seeds
cannot be stored and should be planted immediately. Do not expose to
temperatures below 50F. Seeds sprout best at 75-90F, with high humidity.
Ugni
species
3 weeks-
4 months
M
Variable,
some seeds sprout within a few weeks, but generally take quite a bit longer.
Vaccinium
species
1-12 months
M-H
In
general, Vaccinium, show very slow and erratic
germination. Cold stratification for most species is helpful. Stratify for
2-4 months at 36-42F (refrigerator). For many species, the germination rate
increases the longer the stratification. Soil need to be at 60F or above,
preferably near 70F. Germination generally does not occur with soil
temperatures below 55F. The seeds are very small, so care should be taken to
keep soil adequately moist so seeds don't dry out.
Zizyphus
species
1-6 months
M
It is
recommended to carefully cut, or crack open the hard seed coat.
Vegetable Seeds (Detailed Instructions)
Species
Germination Time
Seed
Depth
Soil Temp
Notes
Artichokes
2-4 weeks
1/4-1/2"
70-80F
Artichoke seeds are most commonly planted indoors for outdoor
transplant. Artichokes grow best in cooler areas and plants will need at least
two weeks of 32-50F temperatures to properly set buds, so plan accordingly.
Sowing seeds: In milder winter areas where
temperatures do not drop below 15F, seeds can be planted in the fall season
for a spring harvest. In mild or cold winter areas, plant seeds in the
spring, for fall harvest. Seeds should be sown in small containers or flats,
planted at 1/4-1/2" deep. Use a well-drained, sterile potting mix. Seeds
germinate best with soil temperatures at 70-80F. Keep soil moderately moist,
do not overwater or let soil completely dry out. Germination time under
proper conditions runs about 2-4 weeks.
Transplanting, Care of
Seedlings: Once
sprouted, seedlings should be allowed to mature for up to 6-8 weeks before
transplanting. Transplant to garden in well-drained soil and protect young
plants from freezing temperatures. Make sure to transplant so young plants
will receive a minimum of two weeks of cool weather, which will promote
budding. Thin plants to 2-3' and rows to 3-4'. Water regularly.
Beans
1-2 weeks
1/2-1"
70-90F
Bean seeds are generally some of the easiest seeds to sprout. Beans
can be planted directly in the ground once the soil has sufficiently warmed,
or started in small containers (either indoors or outdoors) for transplanting
when plants grow larger.
Sowing seeds: Plant seeds in well-drained,
sterile soil at 1/2-1" deep. Keep soil moderately moist and do not let
completely dry out. While beans usually germinate quickly, take some care not
to over water soil. Non-sterile soils, if over watered, can promote the
growth of fungus or pests which may damage the germinating seed. Plant
outdoors once the danger of frost has past or in small containers for a later
transplant.
Care of seedlings: Grow plants 2" apart, in
rows 24-36" apart. Pole beans will need some type of support, so use a
trellis, twine netting, or some similar structure. Plant seeds every 2-3
weeks for continuous production throughout the warmer months.
Estimated germination time
under optimal conditions: 7-14 days.
Corn
1-2 weeks
1/2-1"
70-85F
Corn
seeds are usually quite easy to germinate with with proper soil temperatures.
A good method for germination is to place seeds in small containers, either
nursery flats or small pots. Standard potting soils or peat both work fine.
If starting seed indoors, plant 3-4 weeks prior to the expected date of last
frost. Seedlings should only be planted outside once the danger of frost has
past. Plant seeds from 1/2-1" beneath the soil surface. Gently cover
with soil. Keep soil temperature above 70F for best germination results. Cool
or cold soils can significantly delay or inhibit germination. Once seedlings
have sprouted and grown a few inches tall, they can be transplanted to the
ground.
Alternatively, seeds can be planted directly in the ground if soil
temperatures exceed 60-65F and the danger of frost has past.
Once seeds have sprouted, thin plants to 8-12" apart and rows to
24-30" apart.
Estimated germination time
under optimal conditions: 7-14 days.
Cucumbers
2-4 weeks
1/2"
70-85F
Cucumber seeds are usually pretty easy to germinate, though an
occasional variety may take longer than others. Melon seeds enjoy warm
germination temperatures, so be sure to plant when adequate heat is available
to warm the soil.
Sowing seeds. Cucumber seeds should be
started in small containers approximately one month prior to the desired
outdoor planting date. Cucumber plants are frost sensitive so (in colder
areas) be sure to time seed planting so transplanting seedlings takes place
after the date of last frost. Sow seeds 1/2" deep in small containers
(up to 3" pot size). Plant 1-3 seeds per container. Keep soil
temperature between 70-85F. If soil temperature cools too much, seeds may
germinate slowly or not germinate at all. Water regularly, when the soil
surface begins to dry just a bit. Do not overwater seeds as perpetually
dripping wet soil can promote the growth of fungus and bacteria which can
kill the seed embryo. Most cucumber seeds germinate in 2-3 weeks, though some
varieties can take slightly longer.
Transplanting. Cucumbers enjoy warm air
temperatures and regular watering. The plants also enjoy warm soil
temperatures, preferably above 70F. If soil is not warm enough, several
techniques can be tried. Covering the soil with black landscape fabric will
raise soil temperatures. Cut a small hole for the melon plant. Another method
is to amend the soil with 4-6 inches of manure or compost material. Both
materials will give off heat as they compost, providing extra warmth to the
melon plant roots. There are two main types of cucumbers, vining and bush.
Bush cucumbers can be grown without supports and are popular for compact
spaces and smaller gardens. The majority of cucumbers are vining cucumbers
which need support for optimal growth. Use of a trellis, twining or fencing
makes for an easy support structure.
Lettuce
1-2 weeks
1/4-1/2"
55-75F
Lettuce seeds are usually quite easy to sprout. Both the seeds and
plants do best in slightly cooler weather, so plan on planting seeds when
soil temperatures are below 70F.
Sowing seeds. Lettuce is amenable to
direct sowing in the ground, but take care to protect for garden pests which
will quickly eat or destroy a fragile seedling. For sprouting in containers,
choose small containers or flats and plant seeds 1/4-1/2" deep in loose,
well-draining soil. Soil temperature should be kept at 60-70F. Soil
temperatures higher than 70F can inhibit germination and temperatures below
50F may do the same. If conditions are too warm but sprouting seeds is still
desired, a trick is to put seeds in a wet paper towel, inside a ziplock bag.
Put the bag into the refrigerator for 2-3 days then take the seeds out and
sow. Properly sown seeds will generally germinate in 7-14 days.
Transplant/thinning. For direct sown seeds,
thin seedlings to 8-12" apart, with rows up to 2-3' apart, to give
mature plants room to spread out. For container sown seeds, wait until a few
true leaves have developed and carefully transplant to desired location. If
sprouted indoors, make sure to harden off seedlings for 3-5 days prior to
transplanting. To harden off, move seedlings to a filtered light location
outdoors where they can slowly adapt to sunlight and outdoor conditions.
Culture. Lettuce needs regular
watering. Plants will grow best in loose, well-drained soils. Lettuce is very
susceptible to nibbling by garden pests, particularly slugs and snails. Make
sure to have proper slug barriers in place if slugs are a problem in your
garden. Seeds can usually be stored for a minimum of three years.
Melons
2-4 weeks
1/2"
75-90F
Melon seeds are usually pretty easy to germinate, though an occasional
variety may take longer than others. Melon seeds enjoy warm germination
temperatures, so be sure to plant when adequate heat is available to warm the
soil.
Sowing seeds. Melon seeds should be
started in small containers approximately one month prior to the desired
outdoor planting date. Melon plants are highly frost sensitive so (in colder
areas) be sure to time seed planting so transplanting seedlings takes place after
the date of last frost. Sow seeds 1/2" deep in small containers (up to
3" pot size). Plant 1-3 seeds per container. Keep soil temperature
between 75-90F. If soil temperature cools too much, seeds may germinate
slowly or not germinate at all. Water regularly, when the soil surface begins
to dry just a bit. Do not overwater seeds as perpetually dripping wet soil
can promote the growth of fungus and bacteria which can kill the seed embryo.
Most melon seeds germinate in 2-3 weeks, though some varieties can take
slightly longer.
Transplanting. Melons enjoy warm
temperatures and regular watering. Make sure plants don't dry out. It is
common for leaves to droop a bit during warm summer days, so don't worry so
long as the soil still has moisture. The plants enjoy warm soil temperatures,
preferably above 70F. If soil is not warm enough, several techniques can be
tried. Covering the soil with black landscape fabric will raise soil
temperatures. Cut a small hole for the melon plant. Another method is to
amend the soil with 4-6 inches of manure or compost material. Both materials
will give off heat as they compost, providing extra warmth to the melon plant
roots. Most gardeners grow melons directly on the ground, but the plants can
be grown on a trellis as well. Make sure to use sturdy support materials as
melon plants can grow large and fruits may be heavy.
Other Notes. Melon's will produce both
male and female flowers. Male flowers bloom first and will die back, so don't
fret if your plant starts blooming and doesn't seem to immediately set fruit.
It usually takes a few weeks for melons to begin producing female flowers,
which can be differentiated from male flowers by a small swelling at their
base. When watering, try to avoid watering the leaves. Damp leaves along with
warm weather are a perfect environment for fungal growth, which can attack
melon leaves.
Peppers
2-6 weeks (C. annuum),
2-10 weeks (C. chinense, C. frutescens, C. pubescens)
1/4-1/2"
75-90F
Start
seeds in small containers from 8-10 weeks prior to the last frost date. Plant
seeds approximately 1/4-1/2" deep in moist, well drained potting soil.
Most standard soil mixes are suitable for pepper seeds. Soil temperature must
be kept at 75-90F for proper germination. Cool soil, particularly at night
can inhibit or significantly delay germination. Additionally, overly warm
soils, well above 90F, can inhibit germination and provide ideal conditions
for seed rot. To keep soil temperature warm, start seeds indoors, in a
greenhouse and/or use a seed starting heat mat. Keep soil moderately moist,
though not overly, dripping wet. Water soil when the soil surface just begins
to dry. Allow proper air circulation for containers.
Optionally, seeds can be dipped in a dilute hydrogen peroxide mix (1 tsp
hydrogen perioxide per cup water) for one minute to disinfect seeds prior to
planting. If your soil or seed sprouting setup is susceptible to mold growth
this can be useful to kill mold spores.
Once seedlings have sprouted, keep in small containers until a few sets of
leaves have developed. Transplant to larger containers or outdoors. If
transplanting outdoors, make sure to harden off seedlings by exposing them to
only filtered sunlight for up to 1-2 weeks. Thin plants to 3-4 ft and rows to
6-10 ft.
Estimated germination time
under optimal conditions: 2-6 weeks
Radishes
1-2 weeks
1/4-1/2"
45-70F
Radishes
are some of the easiest seeds to germinate. Plant directly in the ground,
approximately 1/4" deep, in loose, moist soil. Soil temperature should
be above freezing, at least 45F or higher for germination. Germination may be
slower in colder soils. Radishes are fairly cold hardy and can be planted as
early as a week prior to the date of last frost. Germination time usually
runs about 1-2 weeks under ideal conditions.
Once seeds have sprouted, thin plants to 1-2" apart and rows to
8-12" apart.
Tomatoes
1-4 weeks
1/4-1/2"
70-85F
1) Prepare for planting. Sprout tomato seeds in
small containers, preferably 4" or smaller. In-ground germination is not
recommended. Use a standard potting mix that is well drained. Start seeds in
containers approximately 8 weeks prior to the planned set-out date. Plants
should ultimately be transplanted to the garden 1-2 weeks after the expected
date of last frost.
2) Plant seeds. Plant seeds 1/4"
deep in the soil. Cover with soil and water carefully. Overwatering can cause
fungal growth which leads to seed rot. Excess water can also bury seeds deep
in the soil where they will not be able break the surface. Water when the
soil surface just begins to dry. Multiple seeds can be planted in a single
starter container, but should be thinned once seedlings appear so only a
single plant remains. Seeds do not require light for germination but some
light source should be provided for seedlings once they emerge from the soil.
3) Germination. Soil should be kept
consistently warm, from 70-85F. Cool soils, below about 60-65F, even just at
night, will significantly delay or inhibit germination. Additionally, overly
warm soils, well above 90F, can inhibit germination and provide ideal
conditions for seed rot.
4) Care of seedlings. Once a few true leaves
have developed, seedlings should be slowly moved outside (if sprouted
indoors) to ambient light. Care should be taken not to expose seedlings to
direct, scorching sun so plants may need to be hardened off via slow sun
exposure. Hardening off can be done using a shaded or filtered light
location, as well as protection from strong winds, rain or low humidity.
Hardening off time varies, but can take 5-10 days.
5) Planting out. Plant in the ground once
danger of frost has past and daytime temperatures consistently reach 65F.
Plants can be spaced as close as 24" apart.
Germination time: 1-3 weeks under ideal
conditions.
Vegetable Seeds (Brief Instructions)
Species
Germination
Time
Difficulty
Seed
Depth
Soil
Temp
Thin
Plants to:
Rows
Apart:
Notes
Beans
(Phaseolus sp., Vicia sp, Vigna sp.)
1-2
weeks
E
Warm
(65-85F), wet soil is usually sufficient for fast germination.
Bean, Lima
(Phaseolus lunatus)
1-2
weeks
E
1/2-1"
>55F
6"
Seeds
can be planted directly in the ground after danger of frost has past. Or,
plant indoors in small 3-6" containers and transplant after 2-3 true
leaves appear. Pole-type lima beans need up to 6' support poles. Optionally,
add soil inoculant to encourage maximum yields. Grow in full sun and in
well-drained, slightly alkaline soil.
Bitter Melon
(Momordica species)
2-6
weeks
E
Warm
(75-85F), wet soil is usually sufficient for fast germination. Generally a
bit slower to germinate than common melons.
Broccoli
1-2
weeks
E
Wet
soil is usually sufficient for fast germination within days to a week or two.
Brussels Sprouts
1-2
weeks
E
Wet
soil is usually sufficient for fast germination within days to a week or two.
Cabbage
1-2
weeks
E
Wet
soil is usually sufficient for fast germination within days to a week or two.
Carrot
(Daucus carota)
1-2
weeks
E
1/4-1/2"
>55F
2"
Warm
(>55F), wet soil is usually sufficient for fast germination. Seeds can be
directly sown in the ground once danger of frost has past. Plant at
1/4-1/2". Germination generally takes from 1-4 weeks depending on soil
temperature. Once seedlings have reached 2" tall, thin to 1" apart.
Thin again to 2" apart once seedlings reach 6" tall. Use well
drained, loose soil down to at least 6-7". Hard and/or clay soils can
result in poor growth. Optionally, use potassium rich soil amendments to
promote sweet flavor. Avoid too much nitrogen based fertilizer as it can lead
to fibrous roots. Plant seeds in a location receiving full sun for at least
half the day.
Cauliflower
1-2
weeks
E
Wet
soil is usually sufficient for fast germination within days to a week or two.
Collards
1-2
weeks
E
Wet
soil is usually sufficient for fast germination within days to a week or two.
Corn
(Zea species)
1-2
weeks
E
Warm
(65-85F), wet soil is usually sufficient for fast germination.
Cucumbers
(Cucumis sp.)
1-3
weeks
E
Warm
(65-85F), wet soil is usually sufficient for fast germination.
Gourds
(Lagenaria species)
2-6
weeks
E
Warm
(75-85F), wet soil is usually sufficient for fast germination. Generally a
bit slower to germinate than common melons.
Lettuce
(Lactuca sativa)
1-2
weeks
E
1/8-1/4"
55-75F
8-12"
Sow
directly outside after danger of frost has past. Once seedlings emerge, thin
to 8-12" when 2-3 true leaves have formed. Alternatively, sow indoors in
2-4" pots, of up to 3-6 seeds each. Transplant outdoors after 2 weeks,
being careful to harden off plants. To harden off, place transplants in a
shaded or filtered sun location for 2-3 days. Thin seedlings as above.
Lettuce can be grown on and off throughout the year, but does best with air
temperatures are in the 55-80F range. Keep plants out of direct sun in warmer
areas and during the height of summer.
Onion (Allium sp.)
1-2
weeks
E
1/4-1/2"
55-75F
2-5"
Sow
seeds outdoors once soil temperatures reach 55F or warmer. Alternatively, sow
indoors in small 3-6" pots. Transplant outdoors once tops reach
3-4" high. Thin bunching onion varieties to 2" apart. Thin bulbous
varieties to 5" apart. Plant in well drained or loose soil. Avoid hard
and/or clay soils which may inhibit proper growth.
Pea (Pisum sativum)
1-2
weeks
E
Wet
soil is usually sufficient for fast germination. One of the easiest seeds to
germinate.
Peppers
(Capsicum annuum)
1
week-
2 months
E
1/2"
75-85F
12-18"
24-30"
Variable.
In warm soil (75F), many C. annuum peppers (the most common type) will
germinate within a couple of weeks. Tepin and Pequin peppers are the
trickiest, generally taking 3-6 months to germinate in warm soil. Do not use
acidic soil.
Peppers
(Capsicum baccatum)
2
weeks-
2 months
E
1/2"
75-85F
12-18"
24-30"
Variable.
In warm soil (75F), many will germinate within 2-4 weeks.
Peppers
(Capsicum chinense)
3
weeks-
3 months
E-M
1/2"
75-85F
12-18"
24-30"
Variable.
Chinense species (e.g. Habanero's) generally take longer to germinate than
most common peppers. Germination is slower, but usually consistant after a
few weeks. Keep soil warm to very warm (75-90F) for better germination. Do
not use acidic soil. Some Chinense peppers, in particular Bhut Jolokia, Naga
Morich and related peppers are very slow to germinate, averaging 1-4 months
germination time.
Peppers
Capsicum eximium)
3-12
weeks
E-M
1/2"
75-85F
12-18"
24-30"
Variable.
Use warm (75-90F) soil. Seeds are typically slower than standard garden
peppers to germinate and may take up to a few months. Warmth and humidity
speeds germination.
Peppers
(Capsicum frutescens)
2
weeks-
2 months
E
1/2"
75-85F
12-18"
24-30"
Variable.
In warm soil (75F), many will germinate within 2-4 weeks.
Peppers
(Capsicum pubescens)
1-3
months
E
1/2"
75-85F
12-18"
24-30"
Manzano
type peppers usually take up to 2-3 months to germinate under ideal
conditions.
Pumpkins
(Cucurbita species)
1-3
weeks
E
Warm
(65-85F), wet soil is usually sufficient for fast germination.
Radish
1-2
weeks
E
Wet
soil is usually sufficient for fast germination within days to a week or two.
Spinach
(Spinacia oleracea)
1-2
weeks
E
Moderately
warm (60-70F), wet soil is usually sufficient for fast germination.
Squash
(Cucurbita species)
1-3
weeks
E
Warm
(65-85F), wet soil is usually sufficient for fast germination.
Tomatoes
1-4
weeks
E
1/8-1/2"
70-85F
24"
Seeds
generally germinate fairly quickly in warm soil (>75F). In colder soil
(<65F), they may be extremely slow to germinate or not germinate at all.
Start seeds indoors, 5-7 weeks prior to outdoor planting date, in 3-6"
pots. Use a well drained, sterile, moist soil mix. Do not fertilize.
Germination time is highly dependent on soil temperature and the most common
reason for slow or no germination is cool or cold soil. Consistent, 24 hour
bottom heat from a heating mat is recommended for best germination results.
Transplant once danger of frost has past and daytime temperatures
consistently reach 65F. Harden plants off for several days when moving
outdoors by leaving seedlings in a sheltered, shady or filtered sun location.
Set plants out 24" apart.
Turnip
1-2
weeks
E
Wet
soil is usually sufficient for fast germination within days to a week or two.
Difficulty
Key
Note that a number of seeds are rated at different difficulties, these are
subjective ratings based on our and others experience germinating these seeds.
Most people, following proper directions should be able to germinate easy and
moderate seeds without much trouble. Recalcintrant seeds are generally easy to
germinate---because many are in the process of germinating when they are harvested---but
must be kept at proper conditions. Recalcitrant seeds tend to be highly picky
about cool temperatures, low humidities and lack of water.
E = Easy (fast, requires little pretreament or experience with seeds, may
germinate under widely variable conditions)
M = Moderate (slower to germinate (possibly a month or more), but still easy
under typical conditions and requires minimal experience germinating seeds)
H = Hard (slow to germinate, requires proper conditions, may benefit from
heating mat or controlled conditions; may require pretreatment or special
treatment e.g. stratification)
VH = Very Hard (extremely slow or erratic to germinate, needs controlled
conditions)