19th century Korean Joseon Dynasty white and blue porcelain Tokkuri vase w. cobalt blue painted flowers and birds size 10x6",stunning bright blue and fine glaze. very collectible artwork, excellent condition

http://www.korean-arts.com/about/age_of_celadon.htm

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https://freemanparadise.etsy.com/listing/1619892848

------朝鲜白瓷花瓶:在朝鲜时期,白瓷比其他瓷器更受青睐和推崇。

中期的标志是 1592 年日本入侵朝鲜,在此期间,朝鲜陶工的整个村庄被强行迁移到日本。 这对韩国的陶器业产生了永久性的影响,因为工匠们在大师去世后必须重新学习技术。 这个时代还见证了1644年中国明朝的长期衰落,此后一些中国陶艺大师移民到朝鲜南部沿海。 清代的珐琅色彩更加明亮,几乎是斯基泰式的仿珐琅,但被韩国陶艺家拒绝,转而采用更简单、装饰更少的瓷器,以符合建立在军事传统之上的新王朝。
https://brewminate.com/a-history-of-korean-art-and-architecture/
2.1.2 – Early Period


Joseon Dynasty pottery, Korea. Dongguk University Museum, Seoul: This blue and white porcelain jar with pine and bamboo designs was made in 1489 during the early Joseon Dynasty.

In the early period, wares were evolved alongside Chinese lines in terms of color, shape, and technique. Celadon, white porcelain, and storage pottery were similar but with slight variations in glazes, incision designs, florality, and weight. The influence of the Chinese Ming Dynasty (1368–1644) in blue and white wares using cobalt blue glazes could be seen in Joseon pottery, but Joseon work tended to lack the phthalo blue range and the three-dimensional glassine color depth of Ming Dynasty Chinese works. Ceramics from the Joseon period differed from other periods because artists felt that each piece of art deserved its own uniquely cultivated personality.

Simplified designs emerged early on during the Joseon Dynasty. Buddhist designs such as lotus flowers and willow trees prevailed in celadon wares. The form most often seen was that of pear-shaped bottles; also notable were thinner glazes and colorless glazes for buncheong or stoneware.

2.1.3 – Middle Period


Joseon white porcelain vase: White porcelains were preferred and praised more than any other porcelains during the Joseon period.

The middle period was marked by the Japanese invasion of Korea in 1592, during which entire villages of Korean potters were forcibly relocated to Japan. This had a permanent effect on the pottery industry in Korea, as craftsmen had to relearn techniques after the masters were gone. This era also saw the prolonged fall of the Chinese Ming Dynasty in 1644, after which immigration of some Chinese master potters occurred in southern coastal Korea. Qing coloring, brighter and almost Scythian in enamel imitation, was rejected by Korean potters in favor of simpler, less decorated wares in keeping with a new dynasty that built itself on military tradition.

2.1.4 – Late Period


White porcelain jar, 18th century, Korea: The rise of white porcelain occurred as a result of Confucian influence and ideals, resulting in purer, less pretentious forms lacking artifice and complexity.

The late period was characterized by the establishment of government-subsidized kilns at Bunwon-ri, Gwangju near Seoul in 1751, as well as the privatization of Bunwon in 1884. Joseon white porcelains became especially popular during this time and are characterized by unpretentious forms, understated decoration, and subtle use of color, reflecting the ideals of the Korean Confucian state. Over time, the wares began to assume more traditional Korean glazes and more specific designs to meet regional needs. The rise of white porcelain occurred as a result of Confucian influence and ideals, resulting in purer, less pretentious forms lacking artifice and complexity.