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Carl Mydans (May 20, 1907 – August 16, 2004) was an American photographer who worked for the Farm Security Administration and Life magazine.
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Life[edit]
Mydans grew up playing on the Mystic River near Medford, near Boston, Massachusetts. His father was an oboist.
Mydans became devoted to photography while in college at Boston University. While working on the Boston University News he abandoned childhood dreams of being a surgeon or a boat builder in favor of journalism.[1] His first reporting jobs were for The Boston Globe and the Boston Herald. After college, he went to New York as a writer for American Banker and then in 1935 to Washington to join a group of photographers in the Farm Security Administration. There he worked with other photographers like Dorothea Lange and Ben Shahn to document the conditions of the American rural workers.[2]
In 1935, he traveled throughout New England and America's South, documenting the end of a rural-based economy, and gained a measure of renown for his images of bedraggled Arkansas farmers and their families. It was the Great Depression, and the poorest of America's poor were devastated by the economic downturn. "One picture, of a Tennessee family living in a hut built on an abandoned truck chassis, portrays the misery of the times," noted Mydans' Times of London obituary, "as starkly as any photographs by his more celebrated contemporaries."
In 1936, he joined Life as one of its earliest staff photographers (Alfred Eisenstaedt, Margaret Bourke-White, Thomas McAvoy and Peter Stackpole were the original staff photographers) and a pioneering photojournalist.
World War II[edit]
Mydans recorded photographic images of life and death throughout Europe and Asia during World War II travelling over 45,000 miles (72,000 km).[2] In 1941, the photographer and Shelley Mydans were the first husband and wife team on the magazine's staff.[3] Shelley and Carl were captured by the invading Japanese forces in the Philippinesand interned for nearly a year in Manila, then for another year in Shanghai, China, before they were released as part of a prisoner-of-war exchange in December 1943.[2]
After their release, Mydans was sent back into Europe for pivotal battles in Italy and France. By 1944, Mydans was back in the Philippines to cover MacArthur's return. Mydans snapped the moment when General Douglas MacArthur purposefully strode ashore in the Philippines in 1945,[3] The legendary officer had declared, when the Japanese came in 1942, "I shall return," and Mydans' photograph of the formidable general immortalized that claim for posterity. Some asserted that it must have been staged, but Mydans resolutely defended the photograph as entirely spontaneous, though he did admit that MacArthur was savvy about public-relations opportunities. The general had appeared in Mydans' other memorable image from that assignment, watching with other top U.S. brass as a Japanese delegation signed the official documents of surrender on an early September day in 1945. "No one I have ever known in public life had a better understanding of the drama and power of a picture," Mydans, said about MacArthur.[4]
Mydans also captured the signing of Japan's surrender aboard the U.S.S. Missouri.[2]
Some of Mydans's other famous pictures include: the bombing of Chongqing, angry French citizens shaving the heads of women accused of sleeping with Germans during the occupation in 1944; a roomful of excited royal youngsters and their staid older relatives in 1954; and a 1950 portrait of Douglas MacArthur smoking a pipe.
But he also photographed the war from the viewpoint of the ordinary soldier or sailor. "Resourceful and unruffled, Mr. Mydans sent back pictures of combat that even now define how some remember World War II, Korea, and other conflicts," noted The New York Times.[5]
Post-war[edit]
Despite his two years in captivity, Mydans bore no ill will toward the Asian nation, and accepted an assignment to head Time-Life's Tokyo bureau with his wife. Time-Life was the publisher of Time, Life and other top magazines, which Mydans continued to provide with an array of visual stories. In 1948, he just happened to be in the city of Fukui when a destructive earthquake struck; some of his shots were taken on the street while buildings were collapsing around him.
After covering the Korean War, Mydans traveled the globe for the next two decades for Life before the publication folded in 1972. When it was relaunched several years later, he was still listed as one of its contributing photographers. He died on August 16, 2004, of heart failure at his home in Larchmont, New York, at the age of 97. Widowed in 2002, Mydans was survived by his daughter, Misty, a California attorney; and his son, Seth, Asia correspondent for The New York Times.
Resettlement Administration
Resettlement Administration 
Poster by Bernarda Bryson ShahnAgency overview Formed May 1, 1935 Preceding Dissolved September 1, 1937 Superseding agency Agency executive - Rexford G. Tugwell, Head
The Resettlement Administration (RA) was a New Deal U.S. federal agency created May 1, 1935.[1] It relocated struggling urban and rural families to communities planned by the federal government. On September 1, 1937, it was succeeded by the Farm Security Administration.
 Poster by Bernarda Bryson Shahn | |
| Agency overview | |
|---|---|
| Formed | May 1, 1935 |
| Preceding | |
| Dissolved | September 1, 1937 |
| Superseding agency | |
| Agency executive |
|
The Resettlement Administration (RA) was a New Deal U.S. federal agency created May 1, 1935.[1] It relocated struggling urban and rural families to communities planned by the federal government. On September 1, 1937, it was succeeded by the Farm Security Administration.
Contents
History[edit]
The RA was the brainchild of Rexford G. Tugwell, an economics professor at Columbia University who became an advisor to Franklin D. Roosevelt during the latter's successful campaign for the presidency in 1932 and then held positions in the United States Department of Agriculture. Roosevelt established the RA under Executive Order 7027,[1] as one of the New Deal's "alphabet agencies", and Tugwell became its head.
The divisions of the new organization included Rural Rehabilitation, Rural Resettlement, Land Utilization, and Suburban Resettlement.[2] Roosevelt transferred the Federal Emergency Relief Administration land program to the Resettlement Administration under Executive Order 7028 on May 1, 1935.[3]
However, Tugwell's goal of moving 650,000 people from 100,000,000 acres (400,000 km2) of agriculturally exhausted, worn-out land was unpopular among the majority in Congress.[4] This goal seemed socialistic to some and threatened to deprive influential farm owners of their tenant workforce.[4] The RA was thus left with enough resources to relocate only a few thousand people from 9,000,000 acres (36,000 km2) and build several greenbelt cities,[4] which planners admired as models for a cooperative future that never arrived.[4]
The RA was the brainchild of Rexford G. Tugwell, an economics professor at Columbia University who became an advisor to Franklin D. Roosevelt during the latter's successful campaign for the presidency in 1932 and then held positions in the United States Department of Agriculture. Roosevelt established the RA under Executive Order 7027,[1] as one of the New Deal's "alphabet agencies", and Tugwell became its head.
The divisions of the new organization included Rural Rehabilitation, Rural Resettlement, Land Utilization, and Suburban Resettlement.[2] Roosevelt transferred the Federal Emergency Relief Administration land program to the Resettlement Administration under Executive Order 7028 on May 1, 1935.[3]
However, Tugwell's goal of moving 650,000 people from 100,000,000 acres (400,000 km2) of agriculturally exhausted, worn-out land was unpopular among the majority in Congress.[4] This goal seemed socialistic to some and threatened to deprive influential farm owners of their tenant workforce.[4] The RA was thus left with enough resources to relocate only a few thousand people from 9,000,000 acres (36,000 km2) and build several greenbelt cities,[4] which planners admired as models for a cooperative future that never arrived.[4]
Relief camps for migrant workers[edit]
The main focus of the RA was to now build relief camps in California for migratory workers, especially refugees from the drought-struck Dust Bowl of the Southwest.[4] This move was resisted by a large share of Californians, who did not want destitute migrants to settle in their midst.[4] The RA managed to construct 95 camps that gave migrants unaccustomed clean quarters with running water and other amenities,[4] but the 75,000 people who had the benefit of the camps were a small share of those in need and even they could stay only temporarily.[4]Tugwell resigned in 1936, wanting to prevent a red-baiting campaign against him from affecting the agency.[4]
On January 1, 1937,[5] with hopes of making the RA more effective, the Resettlement Administration was transferred to the Department of Agriculture through executive order 7530.[5] In the face of Congressional criticism, in September 1937[5] the Resettlement Administration was folded into a new body, the Farm Security Administration (FSA), which operated until 1946.[5]
_and_Dr._W._Alexander,_successor_to_Rex_Tugwell_as_Resettlement_LCCN2016871009.jpg)
The main focus of the RA was to now build relief camps in California for migratory workers, especially refugees from the drought-struck Dust Bowl of the Southwest.[4] This move was resisted by a large share of Californians, who did not want destitute migrants to settle in their midst.[4] The RA managed to construct 95 camps that gave migrants unaccustomed clean quarters with running water and other amenities,[4] but the 75,000 people who had the benefit of the camps were a small share of those in need and even they could stay only temporarily.[4]Tugwell resigned in 1936, wanting to prevent a red-baiting campaign against him from affecting the agency.[4]
On January 1, 1937,[5] with hopes of making the RA more effective, the Resettlement Administration was transferred to the Department of Agriculture through executive order 7530.[5] In the face of Congressional criticism, in September 1937[5] the Resettlement Administration was folded into a new body, the Farm Security Administration (FSA), which operated until 1946.[5]