The early Cold War period witnessed heightened tensions between the world's super powers, The United States of America and the Soviet Union, and this was expressed, at one extreme, by the arms race, especially in the making of a fission (Atomic or A bomb) and/or a fusion (thermonuclear or hydrogen) bomb.

The brochure illustrates the extent, effects, and practical measures that Sydney and surrounding areas could expect from the detonation of a hydrogen bomb in central Sydney and the publicity prepared by a mostly volunteer organisation to alleviate as much suffering as possible under this extreme manifestation of a nuclear weapon explosion. The material provides evidence for the fears and concerns expressed by the nuclear age and its effect upon Australia's largest metropolis and its citizens during the middle of the twentieth century, and how the 'body politic' of civil defence was brought to the attention of the public at this time.