The SASR currently has 3 sabre squadrons, known as 1,3 and 4 Squadron These squadrons rotate through the two roles performed by the SAS. One squadron conducts the counterterrorism/special recovery (CT/SR) role, and the remaining squadrons conduct the warfighting/reconnaissance role.

The strength of the SASR is over 700 personnel.

Based at Campbell Barracks, it is a battalion-sized element and is known to be made up of a regimental headquarters, three sabre squadrons, an operational support squadron, a specialist support squadron, and a signals squadron.

In 2002 it was reported that two sabre squadrons (designated as contingency squadrons) were assigned to maintain the regiment's warfighting capability and that the third sabre squadron was designated as the Tactical Assault Group, with squadrons rotating through the two roles.

In 2015, the existence of a fourth sabre squadron was acknowledged.

The regiment is currently believed to be organised as follows.... Regimental headquarters

1 Squadron

2 Squadron – announced in November 2020 to be disbanded :-( 3 Squadron 4 Squadron

Specialist Support Squadron Operational Support Squadron

152 Signal Squadron

Each sabre squadron is approximately 90-strong, and is divided into three troops (Water Troop, Free-Fall Troop and Vehicle Mounted Troop).

A troop comprises four patrols with five or six operators in each patrol, and is commanded by a captain with each patrol commanded by a sergeant.

For surveillance operations the SASR usually operates in patrols; however, for CT operations it usually employs larger force elements Support personnel include signallers, mechanics and technicians, medical staff, storemen, drivers, caterers and various specialists.

It was reported in 2012 that six female soldiers were being trained in the United States.

As of 2003, 152 Signal Squadron comprised four troops.

Military dogs, designated Special Operations Military Working Dog (SOMWD), have been members of the SASR since 2005