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Documentation:
The Battle of Mogersdorf or Battle of St. Gotthard was the most important battle in the Turkish War of 1663/1664. It took place on the 1st. August 1664 on the Raab between Mogersdorf and the Cistercian monastery of St. Gotthard in German-West Hungary (today Hungary). The Imperial Army under the leadership of Count Raimondo Montecuccoli and the Imperial Army under Imperial Field Marshal Leopold Wilhelm von Baden-Baden managed to stop the main Ottoman force that wanted to march against Vienna under the command of Grand Vizier Köprülü Fâzil Ahmed Pasha. The battle was one of the four important pitched battles of the Turkish Wars. In June 1664, the commander of the Imperial Southern Army (also called the “Mur Army”), Banus Nikolaus Zrinski, had to break off the siege of the Ottoman fortress of Kanizsa because Grand Vizier Köprülü was with an approx. An army of 50,000 men sacked the fortress. Köprülü then turned west and, after a month-long siege, conquered the fortress of Neu-Zrin, which Banus himself had built and which the southern army was unable to defend due to its low personnel number of 17,000 men. Since the imperial commander-in-chief Montecuccoli found himself unable to send reinforcements to Zrinski, he left on the 29th. June angers the imperial army. After the destruction of the Neu-Zrin fortress, the main Ottoman force moved towards Vienna and arrived on the 30th. July on the Raab between Mogersdorf and St. Gotthard on the imperial main army, which had taken up position on the left bank of the river. This multinational alliance force under the command of Montecuccoli, which still numbered 28,500 men in February 1664, was now only 25,000 strong due to the poor sanitary conditions and the fact that food was often not available for days. Opposite it, on the right bank, was an Ottoman army twice as strong with 50,000 men. Grand Vizier Köprülü forced the outnumbered Allies to follow him without interruption. Montecuccoli gathered all available Allied troops on the northern bank of the Raab and took up a position near Mogersdorf in the corner where the Lafnitz flows into the Raab. The right wing in the west, under Montecuccoli's command, was formed by the imperial regiments with the artillery in front, followed by the imperial troops under Georg Graf Waldeck in the center and the French under Jean de Coligny-Saligny on the left wing. The bulk of the Allied cavalry was united under Baron Johann Sporck on the extreme right wing. In the early morning hours of the 1st. On August 16, 1664, 3,000 Sipahis and 3,000 Janissaries crossed the Raab under massive fire protection from the Ottoman Topçular, first overrunning the outposts and then the camp of the imperial troops, which their commander, Count von Waldeck, had only inadequately secured with entrenchments, contrary to Montecuccoli's orders. The surprised and disorganized troops in the center were scattered by the Sipahis, while the Janissaries managed to take the town of Mogersdorf. This meant that the Allied center was practically dissolved, “the Heyl of the Fatherland was hanging by a thread,” as it was later said in a report to the Reichstag. In this critical situation, Montecuccoli personally led the counterattack with three infantry and two cuirassier regiments, which was led by Margrave Friedrich VI. was supported by Baden-Durlach with some newly formed Saxon troops. At the same time, the commander of the Rhine Confederation Corps, Count von Hohenlohe, attacked the Janissaries who had invaded Mogersdorf from the east with two battalions and four squadrons and drove them out. A French cavalry brigade and two French infantry regiments that followed took part in these battles, taking what was left of the village and defending it against Ottoman attempts to recapture it. After heavy fighting in Mogersdorf and in the camp of the imperial troops, the Ottomans withdrew to their bridgehead on the left bank of the river. At this point, the commanders of the army units and the commander in chief were unclear about how to proceed: should they hold the position they had just recaptured or risk an attack on the enemy forces in order to throw them back into the Raab? While there was sometimes heated discussion about the various options, there was a report of an Ottoman cavalry attack against the right wing. In this critical situation, Montecuccoli personally led the counterattack with three infantry and two cuirassier regiments, which was led by Margrave Friedrich VI. was supported by Baden-Durlach with some newly formed Saxon troops. At the same time, the commander of the Rhine Confederation Corps, Count von Hohenlohe, attacked the Janissaries who had invaded Mogersdorf from the east with two battalions and four squadrons and drove them out. A French took part in these fights Cavalry brigade and two French infantry regiments that followed, which took the remains of the village and defended it against Ottoman attempts to recapture it. After heavy fighting in Mogersdorf and in the camp of the imperial troops, the Ottomans withdrew to their bridgehead on the left bank of the river. At this point, the commanders of the army units and the commander in chief were unclear about how to proceed: should they hold the position they had just recaptured or risk an attack on the enemy forces in order to throw them back into the Raab? While there was sometimes heated discussion about the various options, there was a report of an Ottoman cavalry attack against the right wing. After this success, the imperial commander-in-chief Montecuccoli was determined to seek the decision and to attack the enemy bridgehead with Allen available forces. However, it took a personal conversation with the French commander Coligny before he was prepared to make his troops available for a major attack.[7] The remaining Ottoman troops, who had only madeshift entrenchments, were unable to counter this massive attack, as the majority of their troops remained on the other bank of the river. By late afternoon, the coalition army had finally managed to almost completely wipe out the Ottoman troops on the left bank of the Raab, whose retreat had turned into a rout. Since neither the Ottoman nor the Allied armies made any further attempts to cross the flooded Raab, the battle ended with a defensive victory for Montecuccoli. Just nine days after the battle, on the 10th In August 1664, the Peace of Eisenburg was signed for a period of 20 years, which was rejected by a large number of Hungarian and Croatian nobles and became an essential aspect of the Hungarian-Croatian magnate conspiracy.
Source: Wikipedia