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This pin was was issued and sold circa mid 1970s - early 1980s to honor and promote Emma Goldman and her philosophy of anarchism and her courageous activities in support of the downtrodden. The pin has an image of Goldman and her quote: "The Most Violent Element In Society Is Ignorance."
Emma Goldman
(June 27, 1869 – May 14, 1940) was a Lithuanian-born anarchist revolutionary,
political activist, and writer. She played a pivotal role in the development
of anarchist political philosophy in North America and Europe in the first
half of the 20th century.
Attracted to anarchism after the Chicago Haymarket
affair, Goldman became a writer and a renowned lecturer on anarchist
philosophy, women's rights, and social issues, attracting crowds of
thousands. She and anarchist writer Alexander Berkman, her lover and
lifelong friend, planned to assassinate industrialist and financier Henry
Clay Frick as an act of propaganda of the deed. Frick survived the
attempt on his life in 1892, and Berkman was sentenced to 22 years in prison. Goldman
was imprisoned several times in the years that followed, for "inciting
to riot" and illegally distributing information about birth control.
In 1906, Goldman founded the anarchist journal Mother Earth.
In 1917, Goldman and
Berkman were sentenced to two years in jail for conspiring to "induce
persons not to register" for the newly instated draft. After their
release from prison, they were arrested—along with 248 others—in the so-called Palmer
Raids during the First Red Scare and deported to Russia in December 1919.
Initially supportive of that country's October Revolution that brought the
Bolsheviks to power, Goldman changed her opinion in the wake of the Kronstadt
rebellion; she denounced the Soviet Union for its violent repression of
independent voices. She left the Soviet Union and in 1923. After the outbreak
of the Spanish Civil War, Goldman traveled to Spain to support the
anarchist revolution there. She died in Toronto, Canada, in 1940, aged 70.
This underground protest pinback button pin or badge
relates to the Hippie (Hippy) Counterculture Movement of the psychedelic
Sixties (1960s and Seventies (1970s).
That movement included such themes and topics as peace, civil rights,
radical, socialist, communist, anarchist, union labor strikes, drugs,
marijuana, pot, weed, lsd, acid, sds, iww, anti draft, anti war, anti rotc,
welfare rights, poverty, equal rights, integration, gay, women's rights, black
panthers, black power, left wing, liberal, etc.
progressive political movement and is guaranteed to be genuine as
described.
The strategy and methods that the Deacons employed attracted the
attention and concern of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI),
which authorized an investigation into the group’s activities. The
investigation stalled, however, when more influential black power
organizations such as US and the
Black Panther Party emerged after the
1965 Watts Riot.
With public attention, and the attention of the FBI focused elsewhere,
the Deacons lost most of their notoriety and slowly declined in
influence. By 1968 they were all but extinct. In 2003 the activities
of the Deacons was the subject of a 2003, “Deacons for Defense.”
- See more at:
/aah/deacons-defense-and-justice#sthash.s6D3h3ZZ.dpuf
On July 10, 1964, a group of African American men in Jonesboro,
Louisiana
led by Earnest “Chilly Willy” Thomas and Frederick Douglas Kirkpatrick
founded the group known as The Deacons for Defense and Justice to
protect members of the
Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) against Ku Klux Klan violence. Most of the “Deacons” were veterans of
World War II and the
Korean War.
The Jonesboro chapter organized its first affiliate chapter in nearby
Bogalusa, Louisiana led by Charles Sims, A.Z. Young and Robert Hicks.
Eventually they organized a third chapter in Louisiana. The Deacons
tense confrontation with the Klan in Bogalusa was crucial in forcing the
federal government to intervene on behalf of the local African American
community. The national attention they garnered also persuaded state
and national officials to initiate efforts to neutralize the Klan in
that area of the Deep South.
The Deacons emerged as one of the first visible self-defense forces in the South and as such represented a new face of the
civil rights
movement. Traditional civil rights organizations remained silent on
them or repudiated their activities. They were effective however in
providing protection for local African Americans who sought to register
to vote and for white and black civil rights workers in the area. The
Deacons, for example, provided security for the 1966 March Against Fear
from Memphis to Jackson,
Mississippi.
Moreover their presence in Southeastern Louisiana meant that the Klan
would no longer be able to intimidate and terrorize local African
Americans without challenge.
The strategy and methods that the Deacons employed attracted the
attention and concern of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI),
which authorized an investigation into the group’s activities. The
investigation stalled, however, when more influential black power
organizations such as US and the
Black Panther Party emerged after the
1965 Watts Riot.
With public attention, and the attention of the FBI focused elsewhere,
the Deacons lost most of their notoriety and slowly declined in
influence. By 1968 they were all but extinct. In 2003 the activities
of the Deacons was the subject of a 2003, “Deacons for Defense.”
- See more at:
/aah/deacons-defense-and-justice#sthash.s6D3h3ZZ.dpuf
On July 10, 1964, a group of African American men in Jonesboro,
Louisiana
led by Earnest “Chilly Willy” Thomas and Frederick Douglas Kirkpatrick
founded the group known as The Deacons for Defense and Justice to
protect members of the
Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) against Ku Klux Klan violence. Most of the “Deacons” were veterans of
World War II and the
Korean War.
The Jonesboro chapter organized its first affiliate chapter in nearby
Bogalusa, Louisiana led by Charles Sims, A.Z. Young and Robert Hicks.
Eventually they organized a third chapter in Louisiana. The Deacons
tense confrontation with the Klan in Bogalusa was crucial in forcing the
federal government to intervene on behalf of the local African American
community. The national attention they garnered also persuaded state
and national officials to initiate efforts to neutralize the Klan in
that area of the Deep South.
The Deacons emerged as one of the first visible self-defense forces in the South and as such represented a new face of the
civil rights
movement. Traditional civil rights organizations remained silent on
them or repudiated their activities. They were effective however in
providing protection for local African Americans who sought to register
to vote and for white and black civil rights workers in the area. The
Deacons, for example, provided security for the 1966 March Against Fear
from Memphis to Jackson,
Mississippi.
Moreover their presence in Southeastern Louisiana meant that the Klan
would no longer be able to intimidate and terrorize local African
Americans without challenge.
The strategy and methods that the Deacons employed attracted the
attention and concern of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI),
which authorized an investigation into the group’s activities. The
investigation stalled, however, when more influential black power
organizations such as US and the
Black Panther Party emerged after the
1965 Watts Riot.
With public attention, and the attention of the FBI focused elsewhere,
the Deacons lost most of their notoriety and slowly declined in
influence. By 1968 they were all but extinct. In 2003 the activities
of the Deacons was the subject of a 2003, “Deacons for Defense.”
- See more at:
/aah/deacons-defense-and-justice#sthash.s6D3h3ZZ.dpuf
On July 10, 1964, a group of African American men in Jonesboro,
Louisiana
led by Earnest “Chilly Willy” Thomas and Frederick Douglas Kirkpatrick
founded the group known as The Deacons for Defense and Justice to
protect members of the
Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) against Ku Klux Klan violence. Most of the “Deacons” were veterans of
World War II and the
Korean War.
The Jonesboro chapter organized its first affiliate chapter in nearby
Bogalusa, Louisiana led by Charles Sims, A.Z. Young and Robert Hicks.
Eventually they organized a third chapter in Louisiana. The Deacons
tense confrontation with the Klan in Bogalusa was crucial in forcing the
federal government to intervene on behalf of the local African American
community. The national attention they garnered also persuaded state
and national officials to initiate efforts to neutralize the Klan in
that area of the Deep South. - See more at:
/aah/deacons-defense-and-justice#sthash.s6D3h3ZZ.dpuf
The strategy and methods that the Deacons employed attracted the
attention and concern of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI),
which authorized an investigation into the group’s activities. The
investigation stalled, however, when more influential black power
organizations such as US and the
Black Panther Party emerged after the
1965 Watts Riot.
With public attention, and the attention of the FBI focused elsewhere,
the Deacons lost most of their notoriety and slowly declined in
influence. By 1968 they were all but extinct. In 2003 the activities
of the Deacons was the subject of a 2003, “Deacons for Defense.”
- See more at:
/aah/deacons-defense-and-justice#sthash.s6D3h3ZZ.dpuf
On July 10, 1964, a group of African American men in Jonesboro,
Louisiana
led by Earnest “Chilly Willy” Thomas and Frederick Douglas Kirkpatrick
founded the group known as The Deacons for Defense and Justice to
protect members of the
Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) against Ku Klux Klan violence. Most of the “Deacons” were veterans of
World War II and the
Korean War.
The Jonesboro chapter organized its first affiliate chapter in nearby
Bogalusa, Louisiana led by Charles Sims, A.Z. Young and Robert Hicks.
Eventually they organized a third chapter in Louisiana. The Deacons
tense confrontation with the Klan in Bogalusa was crucial in forcing the
federal government to intervene on behalf of the local African American
community. The national attention they garnered also persuaded state
and national officials to initiate efforts to neutralize the Klan in
that area of the Deep South.
The Deacons emerged as one of the first visible self-defense forces in the South and as such represented a new face of the
civil rights
movement. Traditional civil rights organizations remained silent on
them or repudiated their activities. They were effective however in
providing protection for local African Americans who sought to register
to vote and for white and black civil rights workers in the area. The
Deacons, for example, provided security for the 1966 March Against Fear
from Memphis to Jackson,
Mississippi.
Moreover their presence in Southeastern Louisiana meant that the Klan
would no longer be able to intimidate and terrorize local African
Americans without challenge.
The strategy and methods that the Deacons employed attracted the
attention and concern of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI),
which authorized an investigation into the group’s activities. The
investigation stalled, however, when more influential black power
organizations such as US and the
Black Panther Party emerged after the
1965 Watts Riot.
With public attention, and the attention of the FBI focused elsewhere,
the Deacons lost most of their notoriety and slowly declined in
influence. By 1968 they were all but extinct. In 2003 the activities
of the Deacons was the subject of a 2003, “Deacons for Defense.”
- See more at:
/aah/deacons-defense-and-justice#sthash.s6D3h3ZZ.dpuf
On July 10, 1964, a group of African American men in Jonesboro,
Louisiana
led by Earnest “Chilly Willy” Thomas and Frederick Douglas Kirkpatrick
founded the group known as The Deacons for Defense and Justice to
protect members of the
Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) against Ku Klux Klan violence. Most of the “Deacons” were veterans of
World War II and the
Korean War.
The Jonesboro chapter organized its first affiliate chapter in nearby
Bogalusa, Louisiana led by Charles Sims, A.Z. Young and Robert Hicks.
Eventually they organized a third chapter in Louisiana. The Deacons
tense confrontation with the Klan in Bogalusa was crucial in forcing the
federal government to intervene on behalf of the local African American
community. The national attention they garnered also persuaded state
and national officials to initiate efforts to neutralize the Klan in
that area of the Deep South.
The Deacons emerged as one of the first visible self-defense forces in the South and as such represented a new face of the
civil rights
movement. Traditional civil rights organizations remained silent on
them or repudiated their activities. They were effective however in
providing protection for local African Americans who sought to register
to vote and for white and black civil rights workers in the area. The
Deacons, for example, provided security for the 1966 March Against Fear
from Memphis to Jackson,
Mississippi.
Moreover their presence in Southeastern Louisiana meant that the Klan
would no longer be able to intimidate and terrorize local African
Americans without challenge.
The strategy and methods that the Deacons employed attracted the
attention and concern of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI),
which authorized an investigation into the group’s activities. The
investigation stalled, however, when more influential black power
organizations such as US and the
Black Panther Party emerged after the
1965 Watts Riot.
With public attention, and the attention of the FBI focused elsewhere,
the Deacons lost most of their notoriety and slowly declined in
influence. By 1968 they were all but extinct. In 2003 the activities
of the Deacons was the subject of a 2003, “Deacons for Defense.”
- See more at:
/aah/deacons-defense-and-justice#sthash.s6D3h3ZZ.dpuf
On July 10, 1964, a group of African American men in Jonesboro,
Louisiana
led by Earnest “Chilly Willy” Thomas and Frederick Douglas Kirkpatrick
founded the group known as The Deacons for Defense and Justice to
protect members of the
Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) against Ku Klux Klan violence. Most of the “Deacons” were veterans of
World War II and the
Korean War.
The Jonesboro chapter organized its first affiliate chapter in nearby
Bogalusa, Louisiana led by Charles Sims, A.Z. Young and Robert Hicks.
Eventually they organized a third chapter in Louisiana. The Deacons
tense confrontation with the Klan in Bogalusa was crucial in forcing the
federal government to intervene on behalf of the local African American
community. The national attention they garnered also persuaded state
and national officials to initiate efforts to neutralize the Klan in
that area of the Deep South. - See more at:
aah/deacons-defense-and-justice#sthash.s6D3h3ZZ.dpuf
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ITEMS ON EBAY ARE FROM MY PERSONAL COLLECTIONS AND WERE NOT INITIALLY
ACQUIRED BY ME FOR RESALE. PROCEEDS GO TO BUY OTHER STUFF I AM
INTERESTED IN COLLECTING.
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