The #21 orange filter cuts off the violet, blue and green part of the
spectrum. At a wavelength of about 550nm the filter gets transparent
and all higher wavelengths from yellow-green to deep red pass
unchanged.
What to expect in the eyepiece
All celestial objects get a distinct orange hue. The #21 orange filter has an overall transmission of
about 50% and dims the telescopic image noticeably, but not as much as the red filters #23A or
#25A would do.
For a small telescope it is the ideal filter on the red side of the spectrum.
Moon: For observing small detail along the terminator, the #21 is a very good choice. Contrast is
strongly improved.
Mars:
The #21 orange filter is very useful to enhance the dark albedo features on Mars. These
have a bluish/greenish hue, with the #21 in place they stand out better against the bright orange
background of the planet's disk.
Great Mars Filter
Simulated small telescope
view of
Mars unfiltered
and #21 filtered
Jupiter: On nights of very good seeing, the filter may be used to enhance the bluish features that
can be found in Jupiter's atmosphere, like festoons or the polar regions.
All objects: Filter #21 orange is especially useful for telescopic twilight observations, for example
of Mercury, Venus or the Moon. Since the filter cuts off blue colors, it considerably darkens the
twilight sky and celestial objects stand out better.