Jack
Cole (April 27, 1911 –
February 17, 1974) was an American dancer, choreographer, and theatre director known as "the Father of Theatrical Jazz Dance".
Cole was a performer in Broadway musicals, starting with The Dream of
Sganarelle in 1933. His first Broadway credit as a choreographer
was Something for the Boys in
1943. Cole is credited with choreographing and/or directing the stage musicals Alive and Kicking, Magdalena, Carnival in Flanders, Zenda, Foxy, Kismet, A Funny
Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum, Kean, Donnybrook!, Jamaica, and Man of La Mancha. He studied the Indian dance form Bharata Natyam and used other ethnic material in his
dances. The Jack Cole Dancers performed in nightclubs in the late 1930s,
including the Rainbow Room.
His film work includes Moon Over Miami, Cover Girl, Tonight and Every Night, Gilda, Down to Earth, The Merry Widow, Meet Me After the Show, Gentlemen
Prefer Blondes, On the Riviera, There's No
Business Like Show Business, The I Don't Care Girl, The Thrill of Brazil, Kismet, Les Girls, Let's Make Love, Some Like it Hot, Designing Woman, Three for the Show, Lydia Bailey, Eadie Was a Lady and many others. He was famous in
Hollywood for his work with Rita Hayworth, Betty Grable, Jane Russell, Mitzi Gaynor
and Marilyn Monroe. Cole
worked closely with Monroe in particular, influencing her iconic performance in
"Diamonds are a Girl's Best Friend" from Gentlemen
Prefer Blondes, and in five other films.[6] Although Howard Hawks is credited as the sole
director of "Gentlemen Prefer Blondes", both the film's co-star Jane
Russell and assistant choreographer Gwen Verdon contend that Monroe's iconic
musical number, "Diamonds Are a Girl's Best Friend", was actually
directed by choreographer Cole. Russell said, "Howard Hawks had nothing to
do with the musical numbers. He was not even there."