Up for auction the "Nobel Prize in Physics" Robert Hofstadter Hand Signed 3.5X5.75 Card.
ES-3957D
Robert Hofstadter (February
5, 1915 – November 17, 1990) was an American physicist. He was the
joint winner of the 1961 Nobel Prize in Physics (together
with Rudolf Mössbauer)
"for his pioneering studies of electron scattering in atomic nuclei and for his consequent discoveries
concerning the structure of nucleons". Hofstadter was born into a Jewish family in New York City on February 5,
1915, to Polish immigrants, Louis Hofstadter, a salesman, and née Henrietta
Koenigsberg. He attended elementary and high schools
in New York City and entered City College of New York,
graduating with a B.S. degree magna cum laude in 1935 at the age of 20, and was
awarded the Kenyon Prize in Mathematics and Physics. He also received a Charles
A. Coffin Foundation Fellowship from the General Electric Company,
which enabled him to attend graduate school at Princeton University,
where he earned his M.S. and Ph.D. degrees at the age of 23. He did his post-doctoral research
at the University of Pennsylvania and
was an assistant professor at Princeton before joining Stanford University.
Hofstadter taught at Stanford from 1950 to 1985. In 1942 he married Nancy Givan
(1920–2007), a native of Baltimore. They had three children: Laura,
Molly (who was disabled and not able to communicate), and Pulitzer Prize-winner Douglas Hofstadter. In
1948 Hofstadter filed a patent on this for the detection of ionizing radiation by
this crystal. These detectors are widely used for gamma ray detection to this
day. Robert Hofstadter coined the term fermi, symbol fm, in honor of the Italian physicist Enrico Fermi (1901–1954), one of the founders of nuclear
physics, in Hofstadter's 1956 paper published in the Reviews of Modern Physics journal,
"Electron Scattering and Nuclear Structure". The term is widely used by nuclear
and particle physicists.
When Hofstadter was awarded the 1961 Nobel Prize in Physics, it subsequently
appears in the text of his 1961 Nobel Lecture, "The electron-scattering
method and its application to the structure of nuclei and nucleons"
(December 11, 1961). In his last few years, Hofstadter became interested
in astrophysics and
applied his knowledge of scintillators to the design of the EGRET gamma-ray telescope of
the Compton Gamma Ray
Observatory named for fellow Nobel Laureate in Physics
(1927), Arthur Holly Compton. Stanford University's
Department of Physics credits Hofstadter with being "one of the principal
scientists who developed the Compton Observatory."