Felix
Baumgartner (German: [ˈfeːlɪks ˈbaʊ̯mˌɡaɐ̯tnɐ];
born 20 April 1969) is an Austrian skydiver, daredevil, and BASE jumper. He is best known for jumping to Earth from
a helium balloon from the stratosphere on 14 October 2012 and landing in New
Mexico, USA as part of the Red Bull Stratos project. Doing so, he set world records
for skydiving an estimated 39 km (24 mi), reaching an estimated top
speed of 1,357.64 km/h (843.6 mph), or Mach 1.25. He became the first person to break
the sound barrier relative
to the surface without vehicular power on his descent. He broke skydiving
records for exit altitude, vertical freefall distance without a drogue parachute, and vertical speed without a drogue. Though
he still holds the two latter records, the first was broken two years later,
when on 24 October 2014, Alan Eustace jumped from 135,890 feet—or, 41.42 km
(25.74 mi) with a drogue. Baumgartner is also renowned for the
particularly dangerous nature of the stunts he has performed during his career.
Baumgartner spent time in the Austrian military where
he practiced parachute jumping, including training to land on small target
zones. Felix Baumgartner was born the first of two boys (his brother is Gerard)
in Salzburg, Austria. As a child, he dreamed about flying and
skydiving. In 1999, he claimed the world record for the highest parachute jump
from a building when he jumped from the Petronas Towers in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. On 20 July 2003, Baumgartner
became the first person to skydive across the English Channel using a specially made carbon fiber wing.
Alban Geissler, who developed the SKYRAY carbon fiber wing with Christoph
Aarns, suggested after Baumgartner's jump that the wing he used was a copy of
two prototype SKYRAY wings sold to Red Bull (Baumgartner's sponsor) two years earlier. Baumgartner
also set the world record for the lowest BASE jump ever, when he jumped 29 metres (95 ft)
from the hand of the Christ the Redeemer statue
in Rio de Janeiro. This
jump also stirred controversy among BASE jumpers who pointed out that
Baumgartner cited the height of the statue as the height of the jump even
though he landed on a slope below the statue's feet, and that other BASE
jumpers had previously jumped from the statue but avoided publicity. He
became the first person to BASE jump from the completed Millau Viaduct in France on 27 June 2004 and the
first person to skydive onto, then BASE jump from,
the Turning Torso building
in Malmö, Sweden, on 18 August 2006. On 12 December 2007, he
became the first person to jump from the 91st floor observation deck of the
then-tallest completed building in the world, Taipei 101 in Taipei, Taiwan.