lotgravroyalist
121
Dimensions : The sheet: 46.5 cm by 31 cm.
The board: 22 cm by 30 cm.
Edition around 1980.
Note some traces of handling.
This plate is part of a series of 12 lithographs published between 1824 and 1830 and representing portraits of Vendée generals: Louis de Larochejaquelein (1777-1815), Henri de Larochejaquelein (1772-1794), Louis de Lescure (1766-1793) , Jacques Cathelineau (1775-1793), Bonchamps (1760-1793), Charrette (1763-1796), Stofflet (1751-1796), the prince of Talmont (1765-1794), d'Elbée (1752-1794), Suzannet (1772-1815), Georges Cadoudal (1771-1804), and Frotté (1755-1800).
All were commissioned by the knight Armand Louis Charles Rose de Lostanges (1759-1836) for the benefit of the Vendée heroes and victims of the Vendée wars. The twelve plates were executed by Zéphirin Belliard after different artists: Paulin Guérin, Girodet-Trioson and Robert Lefebvre.
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lotgravroyalist
121
The War of Vendée is the name given to the civil war which opposed, in the West of France, the republicans (nicknamed the "blues") to the royalists (the "whites"), mainly between year I and year IV (1793 and 1796), during the French Revolution.
It was closely linked to the Chouannerie, these two conflicts together being sometimes referred to as the “Western Wars”. The Chouannerie took place on the right bank of the Loire, in the north, while the Vendée uprising took place in the south, on the left bank. The term military Vendée also designates the insurgent territory south of the river.
Like everywhere in France, Vendée experienced peasant demonstrations between 1789 and 1792. But it was at the time of the mass uprising, in 1793, that the Vendée revolt or rebellion, also called Vendée insurrection, was triggered, initially as a classic peasant jacquerie, before taking the form of a counter-revolutionary movement.
Spread over three years, the war went through several phases, with a brief period of peace in the spring of 1795. It ended at the beginning of 1796, after having claimed more than 200,000 lives and caused much destruction. The historical study of the Vendée War is marked by a long conflicting tradition, where memorial rivalries are expressed, quarrels between historical schools and ideological currents, between university historians, scholars, men of letters and academicians. The result of these quarrels is an immense bibliography, opposing two currents, that of the supporters of the Revolution and that of the supporters of the Vendéens5.
The first texts published on this war are the memoirs of actors, royalists like Madame de la Rochejaquelein, Madame de Bonchamps, Madame de Sapinaud, Poirier de Beauvais, Lucas-Championnière, Renée Bordereau, Madame de La Bouëre, Louis Monnier, Gibert Ce link goes to a disambiguation page, Puisaye, and republicans like Kléber, Turreau, Savary, Rossignol, Dumas, Westermann, Grouchy, Choudieu… The most famous is that of the Memoirs of Madame de la Rochejaquelein, widow of Lescure, which describes a spontaneous uprising of peasants to defend their king and their Church.
During the 19th century, the question particularly opposed historians, basing their research exclusively on archives, and scholars, engaged in the defense of Vendée, who collected memory traditions and transmitted them. The main figures in this struggle are:
On the university side, Charles-Louis Chassin, student of Alphonse Aulard, who published eleven volumes of archives and memoirs (for example, the Memoirs to serve in the history of the Vendée war and the Journal d 'André Mercier du Rocher). Adopting the republican point of view, he denies any popular character to the movement, considering that it is a pure machination of the nobles and priests, blindly followed by the most ignorant part of the population. Furthermore, hostile to the sans-culottes and to Robespierre, he made the latter responsible for the repression of 1794. Alphonse Aulard, first holder of the chair of history of the French Revolution at the Sorbonne, Jules Michelet, Louis Blanc and Jean Jaurès, both authors of a History of the French Revolution, contributed, from the influence of their writings, to construct a certain vision of the Vendée insurrection6.
On the side of the scholars, of monarchist, traditionalist or Catholic sensibility, Jacques Cretineau-Joly, Théodore Muret, Pitre-Chevalier, Abbé Bossard, Abbé Deniau, author of a History of the Vendée in five volumes based on testimonies oral and partisan memoirs published over a century, or Abbot François-Constant Uzureau, priest in the diocese of Angers, who offers the analysis of the “Whites”, based on documents, sometimes the same as Chassin6. According to them, the troops of peasants - obviously very Catholic, very attached to their nobility - are led by the local lower nobility in order to re-establish royalty and save Catholicism.
It was closely linked to the Chouannerie, these two conflicts together being sometimes referred to as the “Western Wars”. The Chouannerie took place on the right bank of the Loire, in the north, while the Vendée uprising took place in the south, on the left bank. The term military Vendée also designates the insurgent territory south of the river.
Like everywhere in France, Vendée experienced peasant demonstrations between 1789 and 1792. But it was at the time of the mass uprising, in 1793, that the Vendée revolt or rebellion, also called Vendée insurrection, was triggered, initially as a classic peasant jacquerie, before taking the form of a counter-revolutionary movement.
Spread over three years, the war went through several phases, with a brief period of peace in the spring of 1795. It ended at the beginning of 1796, after having claimed more than 200,000 lives and caused much destruction. The historical study of the Vendée War is marked by a long conflicting tradition, where memorial rivalries are expressed, quarrels between historical schools and ideological currents, between university historians, scholars, men of letters and academicians. The result of these quarrels is an immense bibliography, opposing two currents, that of the supporters of the Revolution and that of the supporters of the Vendéens5.
The first texts published on this war are the memoirs of actors, royalists like Madame de la Rochejaquelein, Madame de Bonchamps, Madame de Sapinaud, Poirier de Beauvais, Lucas-Championnière, Renée Bordereau, Madame de La Bouëre, Louis Monnier, Gibert Ce link goes to a disambiguation page, Puisaye, and republicans like Kléber, Turreau, Savary, Rossignol, Dumas, Westermann, Grouchy, Choudieu… The most famous is that of the Memoirs of Madame de la Rochejaquelein, widow of Lescure, which describes a spontaneous uprising of peasants to defend their king and their Church.
During the 19th century, the question particularly opposed historians, basing their research exclusively on archives, and scholars, engaged in the defense of Vendée, who collected memory traditions and transmitted them. The main figures in this struggle are:
On the university side, Charles-Louis Chassin, student of Alphonse Aulard, who published eleven volumes of archives and memoirs (for example, the Memoirs to serve in the history of the Vendée war and the Journal d 'André Mercier du Rocher). Adopting the republican point of view, he denies any popular character to the movement, considering that it is a pure machination of the nobles and priests, blindly followed by the most ignorant part of the population. Furthermore, hostile to the sans-culottes and to Robespierre, he made the latter responsible for the repression of 1794. Alphonse Aulard, first holder of the chair of history of the French Revolution at the Sorbonne, Jules Michelet, Louis Blanc and Jean Jaurès, both authors of a History of the French Revolution, contributed, from the influence of their writings, to construct a certain vision of the Vendée insurrection6.
On the side of the scholars, of monarchist, traditionalist or Catholic sensibility, Jacques Cretineau-Joly, Théodore Muret, Pitre-Chevalier, Abbé Bossard, Abbé Deniau, author of a History of the Vendée in five volumes based on testimonies oral and partisan memoirs published over a century, or Abbot François-Constant Uzureau, priest in the diocese of Angers, who offers the analysis of the “Whites”, based on documents, sometimes the same as Chassin6. According to them, the troops of peasants - obviously very Catholic, very attached to their nobility - are led by the local lower nobility in order to re-establish royalty and save Catholicism.