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The Count Biancamano

was a transatlantic passenger steamer commissioned in 1925 by the Italian shipping company Lloyd Sabaudo, which was built for passenger and mail traffic from Genoa and Naples to New York. During World War II, the ship served as a troop transport for the United States Navy under the name USS Hermitage (AP-54). After the war it returned to passenger service under the Italian flag until it was scrapped in 1961. In peacetime, the Conte Biancamano completed a total of 364 crossings, carrying 353,836 passengers.

Passenger ship

The 23,562 GRT steam turbine ship Conte Biancamano was laid down in April 1924 by William Beardmore and Company in Dalmuir, Scotland with the hull number 640. The 198.4 meter long and 23.2 meter wide ship was launched on January 23rd. April 1925. The Count Biancamano was named after Humbert I of Savoy, Count Biancamano.

The luxurious and modernly equipped ocean liner was aimed primarily at wealthier travelers. A total of 3,430 passengers could be accommodated, of which 180 were in first class, 200 in second class, 390 in economy class and 2,660 in third class. Her sister ship was the Conte Grande (25,661 GRT), which was launched three years later by Stabilimento Tecnico Triestino. The twin-screw steamer was powered by two Parson turbines that produced 24,870 horsepower and enabled a cruising speed of 20 knots. The ship had a long black hull, white deck superstructure, two promenade decks, two masts and two funnels.

The Conte Biancamano was completed on November 7, 1925 and left Genoa on her maiden voyage to New York on November 20, 1925. The last crossing in the service of Lloyd Sabaudo took place on November 25, 1932. In the same year, the largest Italian shipping companies - Navigazione Generale Italiana (headquarters in Genoa), Cosulich Società Triestina di Navigazione (headquarters in Trieste) and Lloyd Sabaudo (headquarters in Turin) - were nationalized and combined to form Società Italia Flotte Riuniti. The Conte Biancamano came under new management and was henceforth deployed in South America service.

In 1934, on behalf of the Italian Navy Ministry, she brought soldiers and military equipment to Ethiopia in preparation for the Italo-Ethiopian War. In 1936 the Conte Biancamano was chartered to Lloyd Triestino, for whom she served the route to the Middle East. From 1938 onwards, the Genoa – Shanghai route developed into one of the main escape routes for German and Austrian Jews to Shanghai, as emigration visas were not required there. In 1940 she was handed back over to the Società Italia fleet Riuniti and put on the Genoa-Naples-Panama-Valparaíso-Panama route.

US troop ship USS Hermitage

After the outbreak of the Second World War, the Conte Biancamano was confiscated in the port city of Cristóbal (Panama) and laid up there. After the United States entered the war in December 1941, the ship was claimed by the USA and converted into a troop transport for the United States Navy in Philadelphia. At the 14th. In August 1942 she was officially commissioned into the US Navy under the name USS Hermitage (AP-54). It was designed to transport up to 7,000 people.

On 2. In November 1942, the USS Hermitage left New York with 5,600 soldiers on board and eight days later reached Casablanca, where the men disembarked for Operation Torch. On the 11th She returned to the USA in December 1942. In 1943 the ship was mainly used in the South Pacific. After the Allied landings in Normandy, she made several trips between Europe and America to bring supplies to Europe and wounded soldiers home.

When the German Reich came to power on August 8th When the Conte Biancamano surrendered in May 1945, it lay in Le Havre. After the end of the war, she transported thousands of American soldiers, first from Europe and then from the Pacific region back to the USA. On 20. She was discharged from the US Navy in August 1946. During the war, the Conte Biancamano had traveled 230,000 miles and carried 129,695 soldiers.

Late years

In 1947 the Conte Biancamano was transferred back to Italy and completely renovated in Monfalcone the following year. The ship received a new bow, which lengthened the hull by four meters. This was now painted white instead of black as before the war. The passenger accommodation was also rebuilt, so that from then on there was space for 252 passengers in first class, 455 in cabin class and 893 in economy class. The renovation work increased the tonnage from 23,562 GRT to 24,416 GRT. The ship also got its old name back.

Well-known painters, designers and architects such as Massimo Campigli, Mario Sironi, Gio Ponti, Gustavo Pulitzer, Paolo De Poli and Roberto Crippa worked on the new interior. Marcello Mascherini designed sculptures that were placed in the great hall, whose ceiling depicted the story of Jason and the Golden Fleece. With her new look and new equipment, the Conte Biancamano was one of the best ships in the Italian post-war fleet.

At the 14th. In July 1949 the Conte Biancamano set out on her first voyage from Genoa to Buenos Aires. From March 21, 1950 it ran on the Genoa-Naples-Cannes-New York route. On March 26, 1960, the now 35-year-old ship set out on its last voyage from Genoa and Naples via Barcelona and Lisbon to Halifax and New York (and back). At 16. In August 1960 the Conte Biancamano arrived in La Spezia, where she was scrapped in 1961. The command bridge, the ballroom and some first class cabins were preserved and have since been exhibited in the Museo nationale della scienza e della tecnologia Leonardo da Vinci in Milan.

Count Biancamano

Era a nave di linea Italiana varata nel 1925. Considerata the prima vera "città galleggiante" italiana, fu l'ultimo transatlantico italiano costruito all'estero. The name was written in the name of Umberto I Biancamano, capitol of Savoia.

The manufacturer of the cantiers is William Beardmore & Co and Dalmuir is the press from Glasgow and is the owner of the Genovese navigation company Lloyd Sabaudo. These can be used in the same period as the navigation system Conte Rosso and Conte Verde. The device has a third power supply, the motor device is powered by the turbine, which has a double steam and two electric lights, changing the speed to 20 nodes and blowing in the smoke. Ospitava 180 passengers in the first class, 220 in the superior class, 200 in the second class, 390 in the economic class, and 660 in the third class.

Requisita dalla US Navy all'inizio della seconda mondiale war, fu utilizzata come nave da transporto troppe col name di Hermitage. If the conflict is completely modern, the tornado and navigation are based on the original name. A vast section of the sea is preserved by the National Museum of Science and Technology Leonardo da Vinci of Milan, a unique transatlantic Italian sopravvissuto.

Alltimento

Ammiraglia della flotta, the Biancamano fu dotata di ogni comfort e lussuosamente allitita. Arredata con sfarzo e provvista di tutte le comodità più innovative per l'epoca, destinata principalmente ad una clientela di lusso. The studio and design of the interior furono affidati a uno dei più celebri and apprezzati architects Italiani dell'Epoca, Adolfo Coppedè.

All the Scoppio della seconda world war, with the transformation in nave per transporto troupe, these prizes arredi furonoo completamente smantellati e distrutti presso and cantieri di Filadelfia.

In 1947, the Biancamano came to life in Monfalcone, where he created a collaboration between the key notes and important artists, architects and decorators of the epoch. The sale principals furono assegnate a dieci progettisti diversi, tra cui i picturesque Massimo Campigli and Mario Sironi, the designer Marcello Mascherini and the painter Paolo De Poli. Lo stesso Gio Ponti, incaricato degli arredi, scrisse: "Il Conte Biancamano, attraverso la sfilata delle sue sale è the expression of diverse temperaments: ciò da varietà alla nave". The precision of these collaborations and the natural world resulted in a unique rendering of the Biancamano in the same genere.

First time for service

On April 23, 1925, the inauguration took place on November 20, 1925 on the prestigious line of Genova - New York, with the first navigation on the right side of the American continent.

The last trip to Lloyd Sabaudo was sent to Genova from New York on November 25, 1932.

In 1932, Lloyd Sabaudo, from the old navigation company, joined the "Italia Navigation" apportandovi the sue navi, compreso il Conte Biancamano e la nave venne destinata all rotte dirette verso il Sud America, dopo che con la new società aveva effettuato The stessa linea per altri was viaggi, the ultimo of the qualifications initiated on the 1st day of 1932.

In 1934, he was impiegata for the Bellici Scopi, transported, for the account of the Ministero of the Marina, troupe and belligerent force in preparation for the war in Ethiopia.

In 1936, the company was founded by Lloyd Triestino, a company from the group, which was founded in the Middle East.

In 1940, from the Italian Society of Navigation and from Italy, it was impiegato on a journey from Genova - Napoli - Panama - Valparaíso - Panama to replace the Orazio motorbike, distrutta da un incendio, ma già l'anno successivo tornò a far viaggiare passeggeri prima verso il Sud America e poi verso l'estremo Oriente, sulla rotta Genova-Shanghai via Suez.

USS Hermitage (AP-54)

Everything entered into the war of Italy was only posted on the south side and interned in the Porto Panamense of Cristobal, in the same era. In 1941, with the entry of the Stati Uniti nel secondo conflict mondiale, trovandosi in acque americane venne sequestrato the Stati Uniti, transformed into transport troupe and incorporated into the US Navy come USS Hermitage (AP-54) nel 1942. I use the riconversione to create an effective version of the Filadelfia canisters and the dates of the nave poteva alloggiare fino a settemila uomini. The gun comes with a cannon of 127/38mm and 6 cannoni of 76/50mm anti-nave and anti-airing.

The invasion of North Africa was launched on November 8th, when the Torch and Hermitage Opera took part in New York on November 2nd at 5600, with the equipment and troops transported to Casablanca between November 10th and November 25th. Successful in the 11th year, there were no status units for each destination in the Pacific scenario, which was used throughout 1943.

Successful allo Sbarco in Normandia effettuò vari viaggi tra l'Europe e gli Stati Uniti per trasporto troupe and rimpatrio di feriti e prigionieri, the first of the qualifications on the 16th June 1944. It was published in Le Havre in the 8th edition of 1945, the year of the Resa della Germania. Dopo the fine delle ostilità venne impiegato per il rimpatrio di migliaia di veterani di americani, prima dall'Europa e poi dal Pacifico. It was served on the 20th of August 1946. The US Navy service lasted 230,000 miles, carrying 129,695 soldiers from various nationalities.

Ritorno all'Italia

Nel 1947 la nave venne restitutita all'Italia nel 1948 venne sottoposta ad importanti lavori di modernamento nei Cantieri di Monfalcone. The structural modifications are made by the rifacimento della prua, the third day of the sun, and a breath of the lungs. Altre modifiche riguardarono gli alloggiamenti, the vennero portati a 252 postsi di prima classe, 455 in classe cabina and 893 in classe turistica. This also includes aerodinamic smoke and a white livery.

With its original name and complete riallestita, it is the primary unit of the Italian mercantile fleet. The riallestimento collaborarono picturesque come Massimo Campigli, Mario Sironi, Roberto Crippa, Edina Altara, Alice Psacaropulo, all'arredo and alla decorazione parteciparonono Gustavo Pulitzer, Paolo De Poli and Giò Ponti mentre le sculture erano opera di Marcello Mascherini. Tra le sculture, quella dell'ampio soffitto che ornava il salone delle feste che raffigurava il mito di Giasone e del vello d'oro.

On the 14th day of 1949, the navigation on the line Genova - Buenos Aires was made on March 21st, 1950, when the route was on the line Genova - Napoli - Cannes - New York, on the other hand, this was the same anni and the last time via transport.

In 1957 the Conte Biancamano portò from Buenos Aires to Genova la salma di una certa Maria Maggi, vedova de Magistris; si trattava della salma imbalsamata di Evita Perón, moglie dell'ex presidente Argentino Juan Domingo Perón, destinata a temporary sepolta at Cimitero Maggiore di Milano; The body of Evita, dopo rocambolesche vicissitudini, era state allontanato dall'Argentina dal nuovo governo, per Evitarne il culto.

Nel 1956 navigava sulla tratta Genova-Caracas (Venezuela).

The 26th of March 1960 opened the last route: Genova - Napoli - Barcellona - Lisbona - Halifax - New York and in its entirety, dopo 364 traversate di linea, the corso delle quali aveva trasportato 353 836 passengers venne posto in disarmo, radiato e avviato All the demolition, this happened all year long.

Musealization

Between 1960 and 1961, during the period of demolition, the command point, the first class cabin and the living room of the festivals were installed and transported in two blocks from La Spezia in Milan for all internal installations Padiglione apposito, completed in 1964, by the National Museum of Science and Technology Leonardo da Vinci of Milan. The aeronautical padiglione of the museum was designed and constructed to accommodate the transatlantic and nave school Ebe. Grazie alla musealizzazione, the Biancamano è the unico transatlantico Italian sopravvissuto.

The section conserves the museum and is composted in 5 levels, partendo dall'alto:

The pilot's tug, present a variety of devices with a large faro di signal, alcune casse with bandiere di signal, various antenna via radio, radiogoniometro and radar.

Ponte del sole, all due to the lateral scopes, so no preserve the sala di pilotaggio, the sala nautica, sale RT e RTF e girobussola.

Ponte delle lance, sono visibili due to the due lance of Salvataggio, vengono preserve alcune cabine with arredi destinati a passeggeri di prima classe.

Ponte della passeggiata, sala da ballo di prima classe with decoration of Mascherini.

Ponte dei Saloni also present the perimeter structure.

Altre parti, tra cui l'àncora, vennero rimontate, semper a Milano, presso la sala da ballo "Conte Biancamano", noto also come "il Transatlantico", all'Idroscalo, punta dell'Est.

Count Grande

The "Conte Biancamano" has a unità gemella: the Count Grande, the same kind of analogue. Catturato in Brasile allo scoppio del secondo conflicto mondiale, when incorporated in the US Navy in 1942 and returned to all'Italia al termine del conflicto; It was first served in 1961.

Lloyd Sabaudo

It is an Italian navigation company.

Story

It was founded in Torino in 1906. The company also provides a service to Genova - Napoli - Palermo - New York, in 1907 and provides a passenger service to Genova and Buenos Aires.

In 1912 it was transferred from Torino to Genova and in 1913 it formed a branch, "Marittima Italiana" per gestire i servizi verso il Vicino Oriente, il Mar Rosso, l'Africa orientale, l'India e l'Estremo Oriente. In 1919, a new service from Mar Nero and the Mediterraneo Orientale in New York began to be served by the intensive concorrenza of part of the old company.

Nel 1932 the società fondendosi con la Cosulich Società Triestina di Navigazione e con Navigazione Generale Italiana, the vita of an Italia Flotte Riunite.

Dopo l'esito positiveo per le società armatrici Italiane della Mediterranean Conference di Firenze del 1906, alcuni investitori di spicco decidedo di entrare nel traffico passeggeri verso le Americhe. The navigation company is very important in its own right, in accordance with Lloyd Sabaudo, founded in 1906 with the legal status of Torino and the port of Armamento in Genova, which has been used by the company's operational partners. The nascita di questa società creò non pochi malumori nel ceto armatoriale ligure e, in particolar modo alla NGI che comprese subito che la new società le avrebbe fatto una spietata concorrenza.

The Lloyd Sabaudo was financed by the Ram of Aosta from the family Savoia and pertanto the NGI comprese che the sue politiche di concorrenza aggressivea nei confronti dille compagnie rivali rese possibili, grazie ai suoi appoggi presso il centrale di Roma, non avrebbero potuto essere messe in to control Lloyd Sabaudo.

In the initial period of crisis, everything must be done indefinitely for the creation of a fleet ex novo and success, a cause of great war, the Lloyd Sabaudo did not open for a long time to be absorbed by the Cosulich Group of Trieste, owned by the Naval Cantier di Monfalcone. The Cosulich controllava inoltre il Lloyd Triestino, i cantieri San Marco and San Rocco di Trieste e la celebre Fabbrica Macchine Sant'Andrea la quale fin dalla metà dell'Ottocento, fu a formidabile costruttrice di apparati di propulsione navale nel capoluogo Giuliano.

On the 21st of January 1906, Alessandro Cerruti and Eduardo Canali signed the letter to the studio of a Torinese note that officially signed the name of Lloyd Sabaudo; entrambi erano personalità di spicco del mondo imprenditoriale Genovese, the first in campo marittimo and the second in quello assicurativo. Cerruti in particular era agente marittimo e noleggiatore di porta-emigranti, tanto che nel 1904 aveva rilevato theomonima agenzia fondata nel 1860 dall'imprenditore genovese Gio Batta Gastaldi. The opportunity to found the company after the ridicule of the quote from the Italian emigrants concesse ad armatori stranieri: the English language company Prince Line, made in construction due to the press of the singer Sir James Laing & Sons of Glasgow, the Piedmontese Prince and the gemello Sardinian Prince, soon Decise, in seguito agli esiti della Mediterranean Conference del 1906, di ritirarsi dalla linea Genova-New York. Alessandro Cerruti was the Italian agent of the Prince Line and consequentialist, assembling all'amico Eduardo Canali, decided to intrapreneur the grande passo e diventare egli stesso armatore. The original order for the due navigation of the song can be integrated with a third jewel: Re d'Italia, Regina d'Italia and Principe di Piemonte are also closely related to the first transatlantic journey of Lloyd Sabaudo on the North American coast. On April 7, 1907, the Republic of Italy left Genova for the first time in New York. In contemporary times, Lloyd Sabaudo, also known as Scozzese, Barclay, Curle & C., is destined for all the South America's red espresso for the highest quality in the names of the Principe of Udine and the Duca of Genova. Quest'ultimate nave può darci an'idea dell'immediata e acerrima concorrenza da parte della NGI la quale, venuta a sapere della scelta del nam annunciò che il suo piroscafo in construction nei Cantieri Navali Riuniti di La Spezia e il quale si sarebbe dovuto varare with the name of Roma officially named after the Duca of Genova. Without saying anything, Lloyd Sabaudo modifies the name of his prossimo Piroscafo in Tomaso di Savoia. Ovviamente the navigation destinate al North America (la cosiddetta classe reale) avevano soprattutto spazi in cameroni per emigranti (quasi 2000) and a number molto esiguo di passengers in cabina, circa una sessantina. The Tomaso di Savoia and the Gemello Principe di Udine have a central cassette that has the disposal of all the luxury items for a centinaio di ospiti e, a poppa, a zone of second class, extremely comfortable for an altro centinaio di passengers in cabina. Ovviamente così tanti investments for the realization of a fleet of ben are now piroscafi in soli due anni portò il Lloyd Sabaudo a grave indebitamenti: nell'April del 1913, subito dopo the presentation of agli azionisti dell'ennesimo balance sheet in rosso (a million e centomila lire) the intero consiglio di amministrazione si trovò nella bufera e fu costretto a dimettersi. A new consiglio direttivo the principali azionisti decide, come alternatively in the fallimento certo, di tentare a ultima carta per risanare la società affidando l'incarico all'allora quarantenne marchese Renzo Durand De La Penne (padre del noto ammiraglio Luigi, medal d'oro of the second world war). The brilliant manager, who was the commander of Lloyd Italiano, took up a strategy that was directed by Vincent. Aveva conosciuto a bordo of Princess Mafalda Guglielmo Marconi, with the quality of avrebbe stretto amicizia; Grazie a Lui, che fu nominato president onorario del Lloyd Sabaudo, venne introdotto nel potente mondo dello shipping Britannico e, proprio grazie all'intermediazione del celebre scienziato Italiano, fece entrare nel capitale sociale del Lloyd Sabaudo il ricco imprenditore scozzese Sir William Beardmore, proprietario from the colosso industriale di Dalmuir, in Scozia, dove venivano constructed grandi navigation, locomotive and additional air and direction.

Grazie a questa formidabile mosa (che oltretutto riavvicinò all'Italia Guglielmo Marconi) venne immediately il via alla construction presso Dalmuir del primo grande transatlantico Conte Rosso, in modo da tener testa ai programmi di new constructions annunciati da NGI e Transatlantica Italiana. Mentre l'ammiraglia del Lloyd Sabaudo era in costruzione sullo scalo scozzese scoppiò la prima guerra mondiale, ma with an'altra ablee mosa il Lloyd Sabaudo riuscì a vendere lo scafo quasi ultimato all'Ammiragliato Britannico: the Conte Rosso sarebbe diventato the prima portaerei della story with the name of HMS Argus.

Terminate the ostilità venne construction of a new Conte Rosso (1922) al quale, seguì the year later the gemello Conte Verde and nel 1925 a versione migliorata e ingrandita dei medesimi, the Conte Biancamano, parte del quale è and conservato al Museo della Scienza e della Tecnologia Leonardo Da Vinci di Milano.

(from Wikipedia)