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Clamp lock

Hidden in a small wooded valley between Toblach and Innichen stands the romantic gorge castle. From the second half of the 19th century in several Built on construction stages, it has a powerful tower, a cornerstone and a pre-curved central risalite with stair gable. Richard von Stern and his wife Maria owned the castle at the time of the Austrian-Hungarian monarchy. After the First World War, Duca Pietro d'Acquarone (1890–1948), minister and close confidant of King Vittorio Emanuele III, had acquired the gorge castle as a holiday home. From the beginning, the property was covered with monk and nun tiles, a material unusual for the Hochpustertal, but which was entirely in line with the time of creation and building typology. The roof covering renewed a few decades ago was is now in such poor condition that it had to be completely renewed in the year under review.

Clamp lock

The romantic castle hides in a small wooded valley between Dobbiaco and San Candido. Erected in multiple stages beginning in the second half of the 19th century, it owns

a massive tower, corner erker, and projecting center outbody with

stepped pediment. After World War I Duke Peter of Aquarius (1890–1948), minister and trustee of King Victor Emmanuel III, had purchased the castle to spend his holidays there. From the beginning the building was covered in cups, a material unusual for Alta Pusteria but actually entirely in accordance with the era of construction and the type of building. In the year covered by this report, the coverage, renewed a few decades ago, was in such a condition as is required.

Virginia ""Gina"" Laura Antonia Countess Conrad von Hötzendorf (*February 27, 1879 in Trieste, born Agujari, divorced from Reininghaus, adopted Agujari-Kárász; † November 24, 1961 in Semmering) was longtime mistress and then second wife of Franz Conrad von Hötzendorf, the chief of the General Staff of Austria-Hungary in the First World War.

Her relationship with Conrad von Hötzendorf caused a stir at the time and is now considered significant to Conrad's actions, especially his push for war. The legal construction that made her marriage to Conrad von Hötzendorf possible was discussed in the marriage rights debate in Austria in the post-World War I period. Their records of Conrad are an important source for historians, but were banned in the Austrian state-of-state and led to the passage of the ""Traditional Protection Act"" in 1935.

Affair with Conrad von Hötzendorf

In January 1907, Gina von Reininghaus was introduced at a dinner at the Vienna house of Baron Victor von Kalchberg, president of the Austrian Lloyd in Trieste, to the then 54-year-old widower Franz Conrad von Hötzendorf, whom she had noticed seven years earlier at a reception in Trieste. Conrad, who had been appointed Chief of Staff of the Austro-Hungarian Armed Forces a few weeks earlier, visited her at least weekly at her home at Operngasse 8 in Vienna. When he proposed to her in March 1907, Gina von Reinighaus initially rejected him, mainly because of her children.

But Conrad continued to visit Gina von Reininghaus and proved to be her ""faithful friend and protector. He created a ""Diary of My Sufferings"" from 1907 to 1915 consisting of more than 3,000 raving letters to her, which he never sent and which she did not learn about until after his death. For example, he wrote that only she could save him from the abyss of despair, his fate was in their hands. Some of his letters to von Reininghaus are frequently quoted by historians, such as the June 28, 1914 letter in which Conrad wrote regarding the impending war: """It will be a hopeless battle, yet it must be fought, as such an ancient monarchy and such a glorious army cannot perish gloriously."""

In May 1907, Gina von Reininghaus admitted to him that she no longer loved her husband. By the end of 1908 at the latest, the two entered into a love affair. Hans von Reininghaus tolerated this because he had granted himself freedoms in marriage and also saw the opportunity to gain access to higher social circles when he attended the same ball and diners with his wife as Conrad. According to some historians, the affair is said to have been for the conservative Austrian imperial house with a reason to dismiss Conrad in late 1911. However, this gave him the opportunity to intensify the relationship with Gina von Reininghaus, but was nevertheless reinstated as Chief of the General Staff at the end of 1912. Even when, in the weeks leading up to the start of World War I, during the July Crisis, Conrad was demonstratively sent on vacation once again to deceive the public about the seriousness of the situation, he chose the Clamp locks not far from Innichen, the home of Richard von Stern and his wife Maria, who was Gina von Reininghaus' closest friend to be there with his mistress.

After the collapse of Austria-Hungary, Conrad von Hötzendorf received only the pension of a colonel, and Gina lived with him in modest terms in two simple rooms in Innsbruck. In the inflationary years after the war, she contributed to family income by doing translation work for journalist and author Karl Friedrich Nowak, such as translating papers from the estate of the Duke of Reichstadt, son of Napoleon Bonaparte, from Italian into German.

Franz Conrad von Hötzendorf died in 1925. Karl Friedrich Nowak, who had been closely associated with him since the war years, worked on a complete edition of his left-hand writings. Nowak rejected the publication of even the most private letters, sought by Gina Conrad von Hötzendorf for financial reasons out of consideration for the reputation of the deceased. When the Austrian State Archives considered placing the estate under monument protection, Gina Conrad assured the director of the archive, Ludwig Bittner, not to sell the letters abroad.

After Nowak's sudden death, Gina Conrad von Hötzendorf published her autobiography in 1935 under the title """My Life with Conrad von Hötzendorf""" -His spiritual legacy. The release of Conrad's private records has been criticized by contemporaries as ""just too embarrassing. Even more difficult was the fact that in the book she openly reproduced Conrad's opinion about unpleasant conditions in the Austrian army and state leadership, so the book was banned in Austria. Leading politicians in the Austrofascist state-state at the time sought to portray Austria's recent monarchical past positively. The fact that the Austrian government thought it recognized in that book ""vilifications of outstanding personalities of ancient Austria, such as Emperor Franz Joseph, Field Marshal Conrad von Hötzendorf, Counts Ährenthal and Berchtold, etc., led to the enactment of a ""Federal Act for the Protection of the Reputation of Austria"", the so-called ""Traditional Protection Act"".

Gina Conrad von Hötzendorf was buried at the Hietzinger Cemetery in Vienna in the honorary grave of her husband Franz Graf Conrad von Hötzendorf, which was rededicated to a historical tomb in 2012.

Innichen (Italian.: San Candido)

is a market town in South Tyrol in the Pustertal Valley on the border with Austria. The place is located at an altitude of 1,175 m. Innichen is passed through by the drau, which springs from the watershed at the Toblacher field.

History

In the 4th century BC, Celtic tribes settled here, they were already farming in addition to livestock farming and founded a small fortified village.

15 BC the Romans conquered the provinces of Rätia and Noricum (also the area of Innichen). After the Roman road (Via Iulia Augusta), which connected Aquileia with Augsburg (Augusta Vindelicorum), led through our area, the Romans most likely founded the military station ""Littamum"" here.

At the end of the 6. Centuries AD, in the Hochpustertal, the Slavs advancing from the east fought fierce battles with the Bajuwaren advancing from the north. The then existing village (Littamum?) has been destroyed, whether by war events or by a flood or by a major fire is not clarified.

769 the Duke of Bavaria Tassilo III donated. the abbot Atto von Scharnitz a stretch of land between today's Welsberg in the west and today's Abfaltersbach in the east with the requirement to found a Benedictine monastery for missionization in the "campus gelau" (= icy land); this resulted in today's Innichen. Innichen is thus the oldest pen and one of the oldest Bajuwar settlements in Tyrol.

783 Abbot Atto of Scharnitz became Bishop of Freising. Since then, Innichen belonged to the Hochstift Freising with a short break until secularization in 1803 and to the princely county of Tyrol until 1919.

Around 1140, the Benedictine pen was converted into a secular collegiate pen, replaced by only ""secular"" clergymen, the canons. Since the High Middle Ages, the Vögte (Counts of Görz, then Counts of Tyrol), who were actually intended to protect Freising rule, have wrested almost all lands from it, so that at the end (1803) only part of the village of Innichen remained.

Until World War I, Innichen garrison was the k.U.K. Austro-Hungarian Army. 1914 the staff and the IV were here. Battalion of Landesschützen Regiment No. III stationed.

After World War I, the Italian fascists erected a leghouse as a monument. The monument is still controversial today because the soldiers buried here were reburied here from distant warrior cemeteries.

Tourism

Innichen is a popular holiday resort in the South Tyrolean Hochpustertal. In summer as in winter, it offers a variety of activities: in summer above all hiking and climbing, as well as cycling and mountain biking. The cross-border cycle path from Innichen to Lienz in neighboring Austria is particularly popular with families. In winter, the Haunold ski area is in operation, which also has a toboggan run. Innichen is connected to the trail network of the Hochpustertal, which includes over 200 well-prepared trails, making it an ideal refuge for all cross-country skiing enthusiasts. There are also options for ice skating. The beautiful scenery is also ideal for snowshoe excursions or ski tours in winter. Innichen also features an indoor swimming pool.

Personalities

Paul Ram(b)lmayr (by Taufers), Dean of the Leggish in Innichen from 1679 to 1689

Egon Kühebacher (* 1934), historian and non-fiction author

Hans Glauber (1933-2008), sociologist, artist, environmentalist, mountaineer

Thomas Prugger (* 1971), snowboard world champion

Kurt Sulzenbacher (* 1976), alpine ski racer

San Candido (in German Innichen)

is a municipality of 3,136 inhabitants of the Autonomous Province of Bolzano, in Alta Pusteria. San Candido is located beyond the Alpine watershed as it is crossed by the river Drava, Danube outlet. San Candido and the nearby Sesto are therefore among the few Italian municipalities that are not part of Italy geographically because they belong to the Danube watershed.

Toponym

The place name is attested as India, Inthinga, Intima in 769 and perhaps derives from the Latin personal name Indius through an *Intician form. The Italian name San Candido was given, accepting only in part the suggestion of Ettore Ptolemy (who had proposed San Candide alla Drava) from that of the compatron saint of the collegiate where above the altar is a large wooden crucifix, accompanied by two saints: San Candide and San Corbiniano.

History

St. Candide was a monastery founded by Duke Taxylon III of Bavaria in 769 and built by the Bishop of Freising to counter the Slavs, then still pagans. For centuries dependence on the ecclesiastical point of view remained with the diocese of Freising, the oldest in Bavaria. Ancient ties with Freising led in 2007 to the establishment of a twinning between the two locations.

In the partition, in 1918, of the Puller between Austria and Italy, St. Candide was theoretically supposed to remain in Austria, but, for military reasons, he was assigned to Italy and two large barracks were built there: the Singer and the Drusus, the first still entrusted to the 6th Alpine Regiment.

Presence of the boundary in the fraction of Lawn all Drava also resulted in the presence of a large array of Italian officials: Border Guard (now no longer existing), border police, customs officers, a Carabinieri station, a Public Security Commissariat, a section of the Finance Guard and various government personnel.

San Candido formed for years the terminus of the railway line that ran from Fortezza, while the 6 kilometers of line to the border, while on Italian territory, was managed by the Austrian railways. Until there was strict customs control, the presence of corridor trains linking Lienz, East Tyrol, with Innsbruck, capital of Tyrol.

Church of the Franciscan Convent

The convent of the Franciscan friars in St. Candide.The convent overlooks the Rio Sesto, consecrated to St. Leopold and built in the late '600s. With cloister attached. Church construction and of the convent is traced back to the arrival of the first Franciscan friars in 1691. More precisely they were built between 1693 and 1697, when the consecration of the churches and official delivery to the Order took place.

Over the three centuries of history the convent has housed up to 20 friars in moments of greatest splendor, and has also faced some floods of the Sixth River, and some fires as in 1945, following an air raid that targeted the nearby railway station, which bombed the country with incendiary bombs.

The convent is currently at risk of closure in 2010 as there are only 3 friars.

Other churches

The 12th century Parish Church of St. Michael, repeatedly destroyed; today only the cylindrical bell tower remains of the original church. In the 700s the parish was adapted to the Baroque style and then to the Rococo.

The Chapel of Altòtting and the Holy Sepulchre, near the railway line, built from 1653 by host Georg Paprion after a pilgrimage to the Holy Land, as a miniature copy of the Holy Sepulchre on Calvary in Jerusalem, harmonized with a previously built building, which was in turn a copy of the Chapel of Graces of Altötting. The host after his first trip brought back as a souvenir a prehistoric Saurus bone, which hangs on the wall of the main entrance, inner side.

The Baths of San Candido

Near the village of San Candido are deep rock sets consisting of quartz phylliades, conglomerates, basics, Val Gardena sandstones and Bellerophon layers. From the latter, in the woods at the foot of the Rocca dei Baranci, south of the country, the sulphurous and mineral springs of the Baths of St. Candide (German Wildbad Innichen) spring. Bathrooms have been frequented since ancient times and appear for the first time vault in 16th century documents. Around the Baths, a chapel dedicated to St. Savior was built there in 1591, still consecrated today. The chapel was connected to a hermitage, which was suppressed in 1786 by Emperor Joseph II.

In 1856 Dr. Johann Schreiber enlarged there. Subsequently her daughter with her husband, Earl Beckers, grew the Bathrooms into a large hotel complex. Afterwards the bathrooms became famous, so much so that German emperors William and Frederick and Austrian emperors Charles stayed there. After the Alto Adige Following World War I, the plant went into decline. It was auctioned off in the '30s. Today only the exterior structure of the bathrooms remains, while the interior of the complex is in poor condition.

There are actually 4 sources, each with a different flavor: one particularly sulfurous, and one particularly iron.

Military Shrine of St. Candide

A few meters outside the village, in the direction of Versciaco, there is on the right a circular monument to the fallen, in memory of the soldiers who died during the First World War.

(from Wikipedia)