237-tir57
Cast iron medal bronze from the Paris Mint.
Cast around 1970, tested without hallmark.
Patina test, some defects.
Engraver : To be determined .
Dimension : 86 mm by 67 mm.
Weight : 156 g.
Metal : bronze .
Hallmark on the edge (mark on the edge) : no punch (test) .
Quick and neat delivery.
The support is not for sale.
The stand is not for sale.
Napoleon François Joseph Charles Bonaparte, born Mars 20, 1811 at the Tuileries Palace, in Paris, and died July 22, 1832 at the Schönbrunn Palace, in Vienna, is the son and heir of Napoleon I, Emperor of the French, and of his second wife, Marie-Louise of Austria1.
Prince imperial, he was titled king of Rome at his birth.
In 1814, he was ousted by the Senate following the capture of Paris by the Allied armies and the first abdication of his father. In 1815, at the end of the Hundred Days, he was proclaimed successor by his father, during the latter's second abdication, under the name of Napoleon II. The Assembly, like the commission supposed to rule in its name, however, refrained from officially proclaiming as emperor the imperial heir who, aged 4, was then in Austria. The “reign” of Napoleon II ended after two weeks when Louis XVIII, supported by the allied armies, entered Paris.
He then bore the title of Prince of Parma, and finally that of Duke of Reichstadt which was given to him by his grandfather, the Emperor of Austria.
The former Napoleon II spent the rest of his life in Austria: until his death at the age of 21, he was recognized by the Bonapartists as the heir to the imperial throne.
His nickname L'Aiglon was attributed to him posthumously, and was popularized by Edmond Rostand's play L'Aiglon, the title role being created on Mars 15, 1900 by the tragedian Sarah Bernhardt.
Prince imperial, he was titled king of Rome at his birth.
In 1814, he was ousted by the Senate following the capture of Paris by the Allied armies and the first abdication of his father. In 1815, at the end of the Hundred Days, he was proclaimed successor by his father, during the latter's second abdication, under the name of Napoleon II. The Assembly, like the commission supposed to rule in its name, however, refrained from officially proclaiming as emperor the imperial heir who, aged 4, was then in Austria. The “reign” of Napoleon II ended after two weeks when Louis XVIII, supported by the allied armies, entered Paris.
He then bore the title of Prince of Parma, and finally that of Duke of Reichstadt which was given to him by his grandfather, the Emperor of Austria.
The former Napoleon II spent the rest of his life in Austria: until his death at the age of 21, he was recognized by the Bonapartists as the heir to the imperial throne.
His nickname L'Aiglon was attributed to him posthumously, and was popularized by Edmond Rostand's play L'Aiglon, the title role being created on Mars 15, 1900 by the tragedian Sarah Bernhardt.
King of Rome, prince imperial and heir to the French Empire (1811-1814)
Birth
The King of Rome by Pierre-Paul Prud'hon.
Medal engraved by Andrieu to commemorate the birth of the King of Rome.
Reverse of this medal with the image of the child.
On Mars 20, 1811, Napoleon's wishes were fulfilled: Marie-Louise of Austria gave him the heir he so desired, because it was to have him that he divorced Joséphine de Beauharnais. After the difficult birth of Marie-Louise of Austria, her birth was announced by one hundred and one cannon shots in Paris, as agreed in the case of the birth of a boy (and 21 if it had been 'a girl)2.
His birth certificate appearing in a special register indicates: “His Majesty the Emperor and King declared to us that his intention was that the King of Rome should receive the first names of Napoleon, François, Joseph, Charles. » Napoleon was his father's first name, François that of his maternal grandfather and Charles that of his paternal grandfather; as for Joseph, he can evoke Joseph Bonaparte who was the child's godfather with the Grand Duke of Würzburg3. The first names of François, Joseph and Charles are common to the anthroponymic repertoire of the two Bonaparte and Habsburg-Lorraine families.
The son of Emperor Napoleon I is also, through his mother, twice the great-first cousin of Queen Marie-Antoinette and King Louis XVI. Marie-Louise's maternal grandmother was indeed Marie-Caroline of Austria, sister of Marie-Antoinette, queen consort of Naples and wife of Ferdinand de Bourbon, grandson of the King of Spain Philip V, himself a young -son of King Louis XIV4, and for paternal grandfather Emperor Leopold II, brother of Queen Marie-Antoinette.
Home
The household of the king of Rome had been organized before his birth. The choice of governess fell, on October 22, 1810, on Louise Charlotte Le Tellier de Louvois-Courtanvaux de Montmirail, who had married in 1780 the baron then count of Montesquiou-Fezensac. In order to prepare the decree and the patent appointing the Countess of Montesquiou as governess of the children of France, we took up the letters patent of April 9, 1722 appointing Anne Julie Adélaïde de Melun, princess of Soubise, governess of the children and grandchildren children of France. The Countess of Montesquiou will govern the house made up of assistant governesses, lullabies, nurses, wardrobe boys and girls, squires, ushers, butlers5…
Title
The King of Rome by Baron Gérard.
The Constitution of 28 Floréal Year XII (May 18, 1804) grants the title of “imperial prince” to the eldest son of the emperor and that of “French prince” to the other dynasty princes.
The young prince received, from his birth, the title of king of Rome, by virtue of article 7 of the senatus-consulte of February 17, 1810, the first title of which was entitled "from the union of the States of Rome to the Empire ". This title recalled the title of the heir of the deceased Holy Roman Empire but also to Pope Pius VII that Rome was no longer than the capital of one of the 130 French departments. Article 10 of the senatus-consulte provided that the French emperors, after having been crowned at Notre-Dame in Paris, would also be crowned in Saint-Pierre in Rome, “before the tenth year of their reign”. Which may suggest that the Emperor was perhaps planning such a ceremony for himself by analogy with the coronation of Charlemagne in 800, a ceremony in which he could have associated his son6. The Emperor had considered having his son crowned king of Rome by the Pope, but the deterioration of his relations with the latter and the fall of the French Empire prevented this project from being carried out.
Napoleon I decided to give the greatest solemnity to the baptism of his son, the ceremonial of which was taken from that used for the baptism of Louis Joseph, first dauphin of France to Louis XVI. The baptism took place on June 9, 1811 at Notre-Dame Cathedral in Paris7,8. The child's godmothers are his paternal grandmother "Madame Mère", and his paternal aunt Hortense de Beauharnais, former queen of Holland, and his godfathers are his maternal grandfather François 1st, Emperor of Austria, represented by his brother Ferdinand I, Grand Duke of Würzburg, and his paternal uncle Joseph Bonaparte, King of Spain8. It is not surprising that in 1811 it appeared
Birth
The King of Rome by Pierre-Paul Prud'hon.
Medal engraved by Andrieu to commemorate the birth of the King of Rome.
Reverse of this medal with the image of the child.
On Mars 20, 1811, Napoleon's wishes were fulfilled: Marie-Louise of Austria gave him the heir he so desired, because it was to have him that he divorced Joséphine de Beauharnais. After the difficult birth of Marie-Louise of Austria, her birth was announced by one hundred and one cannon shots in Paris, as agreed in the case of the birth of a boy (and 21 if it had been 'a girl)2.
His birth certificate appearing in a special register indicates: “His Majesty the Emperor and King declared to us that his intention was that the King of Rome should receive the first names of Napoleon, François, Joseph, Charles. » Napoleon was his father's first name, François that of his maternal grandfather and Charles that of his paternal grandfather; as for Joseph, he can evoke Joseph Bonaparte who was the child's godfather with the Grand Duke of Würzburg3. The first names of François, Joseph and Charles are common to the anthroponymic repertoire of the two Bonaparte and Habsburg-Lorraine families.
The son of Emperor Napoleon I is also, through his mother, twice the great-first cousin of Queen Marie-Antoinette and King Louis XVI. Marie-Louise's maternal grandmother was indeed Marie-Caroline of Austria, sister of Marie-Antoinette, queen consort of Naples and wife of Ferdinand de Bourbon, grandson of the King of Spain Philip V, himself a young -son of King Louis XIV4, and for paternal grandfather Emperor Leopold II, brother of Queen Marie-Antoinette.
Home
The household of the king of Rome had been organized before his birth. The choice of governess fell, on October 22, 1810, on Louise Charlotte Le Tellier de Louvois-Courtanvaux de Montmirail, who had married in 1780 the baron then count of Montesquiou-Fezensac. In order to prepare the decree and the patent appointing the Countess of Montesquiou as governess of the children of France, we took up the letters patent of April 9, 1722 appointing Anne Julie Adélaïde de Melun, princess of Soubise, governess of the children and grandchildren children of France. The Countess of Montesquiou will govern the house made up of assistant governesses, lullabies, nurses, wardrobe boys and girls, squires, ushers, butlers5…
Title
The King of Rome by Baron Gérard.
The Constitution of 28 Floréal Year XII (May 18, 1804) grants the title of “imperial prince” to the eldest son of the emperor and that of “French prince” to the other dynasty princes.
The young prince received, from his birth, the title of king of Rome, by virtue of article 7 of the senatus-consulte of February 17, 1810, the first title of which was entitled "from the union of the States of Rome to the Empire ". This title recalled the title of the heir of the deceased Holy Roman Empire but also to Pope Pius VII that Rome was no longer than the capital of one of the 130 French departments. Article 10 of the senatus-consulte provided that the French emperors, after having been crowned at Notre-Dame in Paris, would also be crowned in Saint-Pierre in Rome, “before the tenth year of their reign”. Which may suggest that the Emperor was perhaps planning such a ceremony for himself by analogy with the coronation of Charlemagne in 800, a ceremony in which he could have associated his son6. The Emperor had considered having his son crowned king of Rome by the Pope, but the deterioration of his relations with the latter and the fall of the French Empire prevented this project from being carried out.
Napoleon I decided to give the greatest solemnity to the baptism of his son, the ceremonial of which was taken from that used for the baptism of Louis Joseph, first dauphin of France to Louis XVI. The baptism took place on June 9, 1811 at Notre-Dame Cathedral in Paris7,8. The child's godmothers are his paternal grandmother "Madame Mère", and his paternal aunt Hortense de Beauharnais, former queen of Holland, and his godfathers are his maternal grandfather François 1st, Emperor of Austria, represented by his brother Ferdinand I, Grand Duke of Würzburg, and his paternal uncle Joseph Bonaparte, King of Spain8. It is not surprising that in 1811 it appeared