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✨A Treasure for Devotees and Collectors✨
Amulet Names: Phra Rod Song Naa
*Song Naa - double sided overlapped twin design model amulet
Temple: Kru Phayao
City: Phayao
Year: age +700 years old
Materials: Holy Metal Nur Chin/Shin
Measures: 2.5 cm
Conditions: Excellent
Quantity: 1
✅Won 1st Place
Date 19th February 2566 B.E. (2023)
By Phra Khrueang Si Mum Mueang Association
At Mixt Chatuchak Department Store, Bangkok
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“Phayao” is another ancient city on the Land of Lanna. As for “Phra Kru Phayao”, it is a Buddha amulet that was discovered in Phayao Province. There are many crypts.
Archaeological scholars assume that This “Phra Kru Phayao” was probably built around the 17th-18th centuries, which is considered very old. But it is a later era than the "Lamphun" family which was built around the 12th Buddhist century. Looking at the location of the two monks' crypts, they are not close, not close.. walking is only a matter of chewing areca nuts. (Battered and crushed again.) The craftsmanship and ethos of creating Buddhist art should not be far away.
The famous amulet There are many prints from this Phayao crypt, one of which is the Phra Rod print, and what is unique is that it is only one face, so we are afraid it will not survive. “Phra Rod Two Faces” is a green Buddha amulet. Some call it Chin Uthumporn. The Buddha's appearance is the Buddha in the posture of Maravichai. Sitting on a "cutting board" base under a "Pho Khit" arch. If you look closely, it looks very similar to Phra Rodsakul "Lamphun".
Now let's look at the specific characteristics of "Phra Rod Song Na Khru Phayao" is better. The first thing that is clearly seen is There is a dull yellowish white wax. It grows into small round lumps scattered all over both sides of the Buddha image. This type of substance is called "Sin Khai, Pimp's Egg" by those who are connoisseurs of the monks. It has a glossy, juicy appearance, with different shades of black, grey, brown, dark, and light. When you look at it, you'll be touched by it. Let's take a look at the picture. “Ten mouths are not as good as two eyes can see.”
Older people, older gangsters, gave the thumbs up and said that this green-faced Phra Rod was really "sticky". What does "sticky" mean? A tough skin is invincible, not a "sticky debt" type of "can't get your teeth in (don't get involved), can't shoot (don't leave the house)".
The matter of Buddha's virtues is a personal belief. But I am sure that if This "Phra Rod, two faces, Chin Khiao, Phayao" can be worn around the neck to be worshiped and will live on, "maintaining good deeds", guaranteeing that life will not be harmed for sure.
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About Phayao
Phayao's history reaches back to the founding days of the Lanna Kingdom. Although reputedly established in 1096 by Phor Khun Chom Dham on the site of older towns, it became strategically important in the late 13th century when its ruler, Ngam Muang, established a pact of friendship in 1287 with Ram Kamhaeng of Sukhothai and Mangrai of Chiang Mai. However, the friendship disintegrated fairly rapidly and by 1338 the great-grandson of Mangrai, King Kham Fu, attacked and plundered the city.
In 1439 the city was besieged by Sukhothai troops, but they were repulsed using cannon cast from bronze plates covering a chedi. In later centuries, the area came under the control of the Burmese, who depopulated the region to such an extent that the town was temporarily abandoned.
In the modern era, Phayao was officially a part of Chiang Rai province until 1977, when Phayao was established as a separate province. The area remains sparsely populated, with the population of Phayao city at about 20,000 residents.
1. Wat Tilok Aram
Wat Tilok Aram (วัดติโลกอาราม) is one of the proofs that Kwan Phayao or Lake Phayao in the past was an old community. It was found that this ancient monument is aged over 500 years. In addition, from the stone inscription unearthed in this area, the temple was built by Phraya Yutthitsathira, a ruler of Phayao town under the command of Phrachao Tilokkarat of the Kingdom of Lanna in Chiang Mai, during 1476-1486, which was assumed the community had already settled here during that time. In 1939, the Department of Fishery built a water gate in Lake Phayao to contain water; consequently, many temples were flooded including Wat Tilok Aram that has been under Kwan Phayao for more than 68 years. Phayao province brought Luangpho Sila to be installed at the same spot in the centre of the Lake for tourists and the general public to pay respect via boat and sightsee the beautiful scenery. On important Buddhist days; such as, Makha Bucha, Visakha Bucha, and Asalha Bucha, visitors can witness a candlelight procession on the water around Phrathat Chedi Wat Thilok Aram at Lake Phayao, which is considered to be one of this kind of activity in the world.
2. Wat Si Khom Kham
Wat Si Khom Kham (วัดศรีโคมคำ) or Wat Phrachao Ton Luang or Wat Thung Iang, situated by Lake Phayao, is a main temple of the city built around the 15th century. It houses Phrachao Ton Luang, the largest and oldest Buddha image in the Lanna Kingdom with a legend relating to the arrival of Lord Buddha including the Buddhist-related prediction about building Phrachao Ton Luang in the area called Nong Iang. It was assumed that the temple was built in 1524 after the construction around 1491 of the large bronze Buddha image in the attitude of subduing Mara measuring 14 x16 metres wide across the lap, called “Phrachao Ton Luang”, in the reign of Phraya Mueang Yi ruling Phayao. It is much revered by the people of Phayao as a sacred Buddha image of the city. The homage paying festival to Phrachao Ton Luang is annually held in the sixth lunar month (May).
3. Phayao Walking Street
Phayao Walking Street (ถนนคนเดินพะเยา) is ideal for people who love shopping and looking for souvenirs from the province; for example, Khaep Mu (crispy pork skin), Namphrik Num and Namphrik Ong (chilli pastes) at a reasonable price. The walking street takes place in front of Kwan Phayao on Friday, Saturday and Sunday and at the City Pillar Shrine on regular days.
4. Wat Analyo Thipphayaram
Wat Analyo Thipphayaram (วัดอนาลโยทิพยาราม) The myth of the temple is when Phra Achan Phibun Sumangkhalo, a monk who was at Wat Rattanawanaram had a dream about seeing golden sand flowing down to the temple. The beam of golden sand poured down like a stream and soaked up the temple until it almost became a golden temple. When he glanced over the golden beam, he saw the mountain on the other side of Kwan Phayao. After that, a villager invited him to see a bizarre and important area to build an ecclesiastical residence for locals to making merit. In that area, villagers often saw the light in a round shape floating around above the high mountains. The light was so bright and sometimes was so yellow that when cast on the mountain that made it look like a golden mountain. These incidents were likely to happen on important Buddhist holy days; such as, on the 8th or the full moon days of the waxing moon of the lunar month. Later, the temple was named “Analyo Thipphayaram”.
5. Ban Din Kham Pu Chu
Ban Din Kham Pu Chu (บ้านดินคำปู้จู้). Many people want to have an earthen house since they thought living in this kind of house would keep them cool in summer, and warm in the cold season. It is also inexpensive and suitable for sufficient living. But for the idea of a married couple like Khru Chui-Chonlada and Khru Cho-Sakchai Weyue, it began with the motivation to live on their own; they studied and gathered information about an earthen house and finally found that to build “Ban Din”, it not only resulted in a new house, but also changed them to be new persons at the same time when the house was finished.
Ban Din Kham Pu Chu has not only served as a residence of both teachers, it is also a learning centre of the community’s culture about how to build an earthen house, sufficient farming, and art training that is open to any interested persons without fee. Because for them, they recalled about the difficult time they had to struggle to search for knowledge before building an earthen house.
Anyone who is interested in building an earthen house as well as the way of self-independence can learn more details at the Facebook page: Ban Din Kham Pu Chu live & learn mud house.
6. Doi Luang National Park
Doi Luang National Park (อุทยานแห่งชาติดอยหลวง) is a complex mountainous range stretching along the north to the south directions with Doi Luang as the highest peak with an altitude of 1,694 metres above mean sea level. Interesting attractions include Namtok Pu Kaeng, a 9-tiered limestone waterfall with water all year-round, Namtok Wang Kaeo, Namtok Champa Thong, and Namtok Mae Yaen. Visitors can also enjoy an activity of trekking to conquer the mountaintop. Doi Luang mountain range has a special feature that looks like a hump and surrounded with high cliffs where it can clearly be seen from the ground below from the east of Kwan Phayao, or the north of Phahon Yothin Road towards Chiang Rai province. On the walking trail, visitors can observe an ancient monument built by Khruba Siwichai, plant species, wild orchids, birds and butterflies as well as stunning scenery of Kwan Phayao and watch the sunrise in the morning.
7. Wat Nantaram
Wat Nantaram (วัดนันตาราม) located at Ban Don Chai in the Chiang Kham Sub district Municipality, is a temple that preserves a Thai Yai art styled wihan or Buddha image hall, which was wholly built with teakwood and beautifully decorated with perforated designs on wood at various elements; for example, gables, window panels and terrace. The temple looks majestic with the carved designs and shingle roofing in tiers perfectly. The interior of the wihan looks so sacred and powerful; when stepping inside, visitors will find a carved-lacquered and gilded golden teakwood principal Buddha image in the attitude of subduing Mara in the Thai Yai style dress installed on a perforated wooden pedestal. The principal image is accompanied by a white stone Buddha figure on one side and golden teakwood replica image of Lord Buddha on the other side, of which both are beautifully dressed in the Thai Yai style as well. In addition, the temple houses a Thai Yai-styled stupa and a museum displaying an antique collection of bank notes, utensils, old styled pattern textiles, as well as ancient drawings about the sermon of Vessantara Jataka in each episode.
8. Wat Phra Nang Din
Wat Phra Nang Din (วัดพระนั่งดิน), the Unseen Thailand, located in Tambon Wiang, Amphoe Chiang Kham, is a temple of which the principal Buddha image has no pedestal like others. There was an attempt to build the pedestal supporting the principal image by the locals, but it could not be lifted up. Hence, it was named “Phra Nang Din” (Buddha image seated on the ground). Moreover, the story was told by the old people that villagers had built the Buddha image’s base and tried to place it onto the top; there was an incredible incident of three-time lightning strikes on the wihan. Finally, the Buddhist laypeople decided to keep Phra Nang Din seated on the ground until today.
9. Namtok Phu Sang
Namtok Phu Sang (น้ำตกภูซาง) is an approximately 25-metres high small waterfall with water all year-round. The waterfall’s highlight is a warm current with about 35 degrees Celsius, having clear water and no sulphur odour. Therefore, it is swimmable during the cold season. The waterfall is situated in Tambon Phu Sang, Amphoe Phu Sang, Phayao province; 200 metres from the Phu Sang National Park’s headquarters. There was no evidence in the past, but legend told that grandpa (Pu) and grandma (Ya) who were pilgrims came to practice Dhamma on a hill and built a stupa before passing away. The locals called the stupa as “Phrathat Pu Sang” and it was later slightly distorted to be “Phu Sang.”
10. Phu Langka Forest Park
Phu Langka Forest Park (วนอุทยานภูลังกา). This beautiful mountain’s name was called after the Langka shape stupa located in Amphoe Chiang Kham and Amphoe Pong, Phayao province in the National Reserved Forests of Pa Nam Puei, Pa Nam Yuan and Pa Nam Lao, and Pa Mae Yom, occupying an area of approximately 7,800 rai. Established on 8 May, 2002, the Forest Park features a sloping mountain on the San Pan Nam Range lying on the east to west directions with an altitude of about 900-1,720 metres above mean sea level containing important streams; namely, Nam Mae Kha running past the south direction, Huai Nam Tom and Nam Mae Ru flowing down to the Southwest, Huai Ka-naeng and Huai Pa Yang running down to Nam Mae Lao on the North, and all of these streams will flow into the Yom River.
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'Pra Kru', or, 'Pra Gru' or even sometimes called 'Pra Kroo, are various kinds of amulets, made from various materials (lead, clay, sacred powder), which are buried, or stashed in a hiding place to gather power, and also in the case of Buddha Images or Buddhist Imagery, to preserve the faith and the knowledge of the existence of a Buddha, far into the Future. The hiding place, can be one of a number of different places, for example a Chedi Stupa, or with the 'Look Nimit' Arahant ball buried under the Uposadha, or under the Dais of the Buddha in the Uposadha, or under the earth in a Sacred place.
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Buddha amulet
Details: The word "shin" refers to metals which may be mixed with more than one substance. Amulets in Thailand made from metal. They usually contain three main ingredients: mercury, tin, and lead. (There may also be brass There is some copper mixed in.) When mixed, what kind of material will come out? It depends a lot on the presence of one of the ingredients. (Pour before the metal is lighter into the socket first. The first set of amulets came out in one piece. After pouring, heavy metals such as lead lie at the bottom of the tank to become a different type of material). Different contents will have their own characteristics and have different names. Classified according to physical characteristics As time passes, the old ones will be noticeably different in terms of color and texture, including wax, rust, wrinkles, cracks, etc.
As for the principles for considering old Buddha amulets, they are as follows: The first step is to know what material the Buddha amulet was made from. Let's say for example Phra Kru Wat Along - Koh Temple Bangkok, Phra Kru Wat Phet Saraburi is a silver amulet. (Contains lead mixed with tin and mercury which is a common ingredient that is normally found in silver amulets), red rust Chiang Saen amulets It is almost pure lead like this.
Now we have to see what condition the Buddha amulet will have after time has passed. It is necessary to consider the separate elements further. By the nature of each type of material, when it gets old, how will it react or react to air, humidity, and salinity? which can be viewed by separating them out as follows
1. Mercury: The technician will add mercury as a mixture so that the molten metal will run into the corners of the mold. Because the mercury will escape the heat. Makes the other metal parts follow along to fill the beautiful print. The mercury which is on the outermost surface gives the Buddha a shiny silver color. This mercury surface, after time has passed, will appear pale and dull, or what is called dead mercury, especially when exposed to moisture. The salinity will become duller and darker until it turns black.
2. Tin: Tin is a mineral that is abundant in Thailand. Used to make coins and many types of utensils. The distinctive feature of tin over time is that it will be gray-black. If exposed to moisture due to poor storage It will appear to swell and split open. In the language of Buddhist monks it is called a "bomb." An example that can often be seen is a tin coin with a hole in the middle. Can be found everywhere
3. Lead material Lead is the main ingredient in the most commonly made amulets in Thailand. Probably because there is a lot of lead in Thailand and production is easy because it has a low melting point. The appearance of lead will darken in color over time. There is a juiciness that can be felt visually. It has wrinkles, porosity (inside) naturally. Sometimes the lead itself is eaten to the point where there may be white wax and some rust. And sometimes the rust and wax have eaten deep into the inside of the metal, causing potholes or eaten until almost no real substance remains, thus becoming wax and rust to replace the original metal. It has been found as well. This depends on the storage conditions (as many experts believe that rust and wax come from within the meat).
Now when we learn about the characteristics of ingredients and how their condition changes with age. It's like we know the past. that when the Buddha image is old, it will look like this. On the other hand, if the appearance of the Buddha image or object that we are considering does not have the condition as stated, then it may be considered to be old. It may be a new creation, a parody made in a later era. Here, it will take some study to be able to consider it correctly.
** Each type of monk in each crypt There will be slightly different content, further divided into sections. Here we must study further ourselves.
*Phra Nuea Chin
The word "chin" according to the dictionary means alloy Contains lead and tin, commonly used to make amulets. Therefore it is accepted that The amulet is made of alloy metal. There is also lead ore mixed in. Chin meat can be divided into 3 types:
1. Lead alloy type means a Buddha amulet made from lead alloy containing more lead than other minerals. or pure lead. If this type of amulet is very old There will be rust in the form of oxide covering the upper part of the Buddha image. It has the appearance of red rust stains. Some Buddha images have a natural explosion of their flesh from the inside to the outside called “Broken up like a spider's web.” As for the younger monks, There will be red spots. There are patches on the Buddha's surface or there is only a thin layer of rust.
2. Type of silver amulet Refers to Buddha amulets that have a white interior that resembles silver. which is mainly a mixture of lead and tin. It will have more tin than lead and mixed with mercury for the purpose of making the hot metal run faster and adhere to the details of the Buddha mold better. This type of Buddha amulet has many formulas of ingredients. Each monk in each city is therefore not the same. They differ in the details of the ingredients. Can be roughly separated according to the nature of the rust on the Buddha's surface and the commonly seen colors. There are 3 characteristics.
- White silver or mercury surface The amulet's surface looks white like new. But if you look carefully, you will find that it is an old item. The skin will look dry. There are small pellets of mercury on the surface mixed with the stains of the crypt. When viewed with a magnifying glass, the color of the mercury can be seen as shiny.
- Black skin or crow's feet rust. This type of amulet has black or brown skin. That is, on the surface of the Buddha image there will be stains clinging to it and rust starting to destroy some of the metal.
If it's an old item, first of all. The contents must be dry. Secondly, there must be cracks, splits, or natural decay. That is, the separation must come from the inside out. It's not from the outside to the inside, like they put acid in it to make it look like spots. Thirdly, the surface of the Buddha image will not be smooth and tight. Fourthly, the edges on the sides of the Buddha image will not be sharp. But if it's a fake or a new one, it will look completely opposite to the real thing.
- Meat with flakes Some people call this type of Buddha amulet “Chin Krob” because the outer surface looks crispy. The surface of the Buddha image is very weathered and looks like scales of a fish or patchouli. Since the metal has disappeared, collectors of old metals have named this metal "metal". “Chin Kledi” or “Chin Crispy”
3. Green meat type Refers to Buddha amulets made from a mixture of lead and zinc. The Buddha's complexion is green mixed with black or mixed with gray. Previous generations called it “Chinsangkhawanon” because someone once found Chinsangkhawanorn nails contained in the amulet treasury. If it's an old item, it's already very old. The amulet's flesh will look dry. The Buddha's surface is black with a gray tinge. Above the Buddha's surface is rust and a cloudy white wax. The upper part is clear. Embedded together tightly and complexly, accumulating in a natural manner similar to the growth of flesh from the inside out. In addition, if it is a Buddha amulet, it will also have stains from the crypt. Some Buddha statues have white patches and yellow stains appearing in shallow crevices. The old green Buddha amulets must have rust called Some are "pimp's egg rust" and some "cow tallow rust" and the surface of the Buddha image is bumpy, similar to the wax of an old green Buddha amulet. The surface of the Buddha image is black mixed with gray. Above the surface of the Buddha image there is a cloudy white wax rust. on clear Embedded together tightly and complexly, accumulating in a natural manner similar to the growth of flesh from the inside out.
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