Hydraulic Excavators: Quarrying & Mining Applications by Rob Sinclair

This is a new book from Rob Sinclair, who has already authored Hydraulic Excavators: The UK's Largest Units

Hydraulic excavators are now the most widely used of all off-highway machines but that the hydraulic excavator has become, effectively, ubiquitous is of note. This was how Aggregates Business Europe described the hydraulic excavator in a 2008 Quarry Classics.

It went on to say: "The current generation of hydraulic excavators are descended from machines developed 60 or so years ago, which is a considerably shorter time than for other pieces of equipment, such as the bulldozer or grader." Now, Rob Sinclair, who says he has been interested in hydraulic excavators since the age of four (nearly 37 years ago) has published a new book on the subject, Hydraulic Excavators: Quarrying & Mining Applications.

"The primary reason for writing this book is my passion for the subject matter. However, in addition to those people already involved and working with hydraulic excavators in quarrying and mining applications, an important objective was to produce a book for young people who, like myself, have a keen interest in these industries and are considering a career in them," says Sinclair.

He started writing the book in August, 2010, and 115,000 words, 388 pages and over 400 photographs later the weighty tome was published late last year in hardback format.

"I took the photographs over many years (the oldest of which dates to 1986) with cameras of varying quality. Although the more recent digital images are clearly to a higher quality, I believe that the scanned film shots make a very valuable contribution," says Sinclair in his foreword.

Hydraulic Excavators: Quarrying and Mining Applications is a book that covers hydraulic excavators in both product technical detail and their usage in quarrying and mining applications, typically larger models being featured due to their more frequent role as prime movers.

Sinclair says that while he has an interest in all crawler hydraulic excavators from the 13 tonne class and above, he has covered excavators from approximately 40 tonnes and over because they more usually act as prime movers in quarries and mines.

"The primary focus is the hydraulic excavator, however, and in order to determine why a certain size and configuration should be selected, an understanding of the application is required - in addition to describing reasons for their selection and how the application is undertaken, the book details how performance can be calculated and provides examples of actual production volumes achieved when extracting various types of materials by the use of explosives and direct methods," says Sinclair.

In total more than 75 (not including series change) excavator models are featured and the photographs are used to show the machines at work in Europe, South Africa and North America.

"The increasing need for a considerable array of minerals and the five-stages of quarrying and mining is provided in order to understand why the hydraulic excavator is such common place in these industries."

This new book features the following models:

  • Akerman H16-H25/EC420-EC650
  • Caterpillar 235-245/350-375/345-385/5080-5230
  • Demag H55-H285
  • Komatsu PC400-PC8000
  • O&K/Terex O&K RH20-RH400
  • Liebherr R952-R9800
  • Hitachi ZX450-EX1200
  • JCB JS450/JS460
  • Poclain 220/350
  • Volvo EC460/EC700
  • In total, Approx. 75 models are covered in considerabIe detail.

Rob Sinclair has only included models that he has been on site with and photographed himself, hence why larger Hitachi models are not featured for example.

It also covers Site Evaluations, buckets/GETS, methods of extraction, i.e. drill and blast/direct, excavator configurations, performance/productivity, the 5 stages of mining, fuel efficiency and fuel consumption in comparison to prodctivity.

It measures 250mm x 370mm.

Contents are as follows:

  • Chapter 1: The Hydraulic Excavator's Main Systems and Components
    • Excavator Systems, Components and Specification Sheet Value Comparisons (i.e. what these figures really mean and if they truly reflect an excavators abilities)
  • Chapter 2: Quarrying and Mining
    • Minerals Derived from Quarrying and Mining Quarrying (i.e. description and photos)
    • Mining (i.e. description and photos)
    • The Open-Pit Quarrying and Mining Process (i.e. 5 stages from prospecting to reclamation and photos)
    • Methods of Extraction: Use of Explosives; Direct Extraction by Hydraulic Excavators (i.e. bucket only, ripper tooth or hammer)
    • Buckets and Ground Engaging Tools
    • Bucket Selection
    • Excavation Classes
    • Material Densities
    • Bank Volume, Loose Volume and Swell Factor
    • Bucket Fill Factor
    • Quick Couplers
    • Performance and Excavator Selection
    • Factors Effecting Productivity
    • On Site Evaluations (i.e. their part in supplying the correct machine type/size)
    • Productivity Examples (i.e. how to estimate and work out)
    • Operating Costs (i.e. purchase and running costs and why the purchase of a 250t class unit for example can be justified instead of 2-3 85t)
    • Fuel Consumption, Fuel Efficiency and Profit Potential
    • Selecting the Most Appropriate Size and Configuration
    • Backhoe and Face Shovel Comparison
  • Chapter 3:
    • Detailed technical descriptions of excavator models at work in Europe, North America and South Africa. In addition, the more interesting sites are also covered in detail.
    • "A lot of specification/technical details are prodvided, perhaps too much for some, because I also wanted to produce a reference book which details many excavators long since out of production." says Sinclair