(96.0 Fluid Ounce Combined Volume)
1/2 Gallon MAX 1618 Part A (1/2 Gallon 64 Fl.oz)
1/4 Gallon MAX 1618 Part B (1 Quart 32 Fl.oz)
2:1 Mix Ratio (By Weight Or By Volume)
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
MAX 1618 A/B is our newest engineered resin system mixed at a 2:1 mix ratio that exhibits a very low initial viscosity, excellent reactivity, and high mechanical performance.
MAX 1618 A/B works well with all types of composite fabrics but yields outstanding performance when used with carbon fiber fabrics.
It is a very color stable resin system, resistant to yellowing and 'blushing’, excellent resistance to air bubble entrapment and fabric-wetting properties.
MAX 1618 A/B is room temperature cured and has a moderate working time or reactivity. It cures to a very transparent clear resin system with a low refractive index.
MAX 1618 A/B exhibits low dimensional shrinkage during cure, heat performance of up to 220°F, adhesion to 'hard to bond to' plastics and low surface energy (LSE) substrates with exceptional impact and chemical resistance.
Its cured mechanical properties also demonstrate high compressive strength, toughness, tensile strength and other mechanical performance crucial in structural composite fabrication.
THIS KIT INCLUDES A SET OF YORKER CAPS FOR CONTROLLED DISPENSING.
Use these Yorker caps to dispense the material with ease and minimize over pouring and reduce spills. We do not recommend using
dispensing pumps. The curing agent or part B of any epoxy resin system is sensitive to moisture and carbon dioxide, which will react with the curing agent and form carbamate crystals (salt-like crystals that form on the tip of the pump) and reduce reactivity.
Carbamate Crystals That Form On The Pump When The Curing Agent Is Exposed Ambient Moisture And Carbon Dioxide.
These Crystals Are Insoluble And Will Not Blend Or React And Causes Poor Cure And Amine-Blushing.
Use these Yorker caps and cut the tip to meter the orifice of the of the tip for accurate dispensing. When done, just replace the tip cap and it will exclude ambient moisture and air and keep the resin system viable for years.
Unless the kit is used continuously and within a short period of time, using dispensing pumps will cause more problems than ease-of-use. The pump leaves the bottle open to moisture (from the pressure-relief hole). To use the caps, cut off the tip to the desired hole size, and attach, do not cut pass the ridge line that keeps the tip cap in place. To dispense, lay the plastic jug unto its side and apply pressure on the bottle to dispense the contents.
RESIN CRYSTALLIZATION FROM PROLONGED STORAGE OR COLD WEATHER EXPOSURE
The resin component or the PART A may crystallize due to cold temperature exposure.
Please inspect the resin component for any solidified crystals which will appear as waxy solid or cloudiness on the bottom of the PART A bottle. An information postcard is included with each package.
View the following video for identification and processing.
DO NOT USE UNLESS PROCESSED TO REVERT ANY CRYSTALLIZED RESIN BACK TO A LIQUID STATE AND AVOID POOR CURED RESULTS.
24 Layer Carbon Fiber Panel Vacuum Bag Cured
100% Carbon Fiber Hood With MAX 1618 A/B
General Principle Of Vacuum Bagging
Note the absolute clarity of the MAX 1618 A/B specimen exhibiting excellent transparency and low refractive index (1.46).
Common epoxy based formulations engineered for high-strength structural applications typically exhibit very poor color stability due to the use curing agents that are inherently yellow or amber in color.
In contrast, resin formulations engineered for transparent clear and other aesthetic applications yield lower mechanical strength caused by the use of lower functionality amine curing agents.
MAX 1618 A/B does not utilize any liquid plasticizers and accelerators such as nonylphenol or benzyl alcohol,
which causes extreme yellowing even if the cured polymer is protected or unexposed to Ultraviolet or ambient heat.
Physical and Mechanical Properties
Density |
1.10 +/- 02 grams per cubic centimeter 0.98 +/-.05 grams per cubic centimeter 1.09.+/-.03 grams per cubic centimeter |
Part A Part B Mixed |
Pounds per Gallon Mixed |
9.07 Pounds Per Gallon |
|
Form and Color |
PART A PART B MIXED Cured specimen 50 grams Mass |
Clear Liquid Clear Liquid Clear Liquid Clear Transparent |
Viscosity |
PART A = PART B = MIXED = |
980 cPs @ 25ºC 300 cPs @ 25ºC 377 cPs @ 25ºC |
Mix Ratio |
100 Parts “B”to 50 Parts “A” By Weight Or 2:1 By Volume Use a digital scale and proportion by weight instead of volumetric measurement especially when mixing less than 100 grams |
|
Working Time |
30 Minutes @ 25ºC (300 gram mass) |
|
Peak Exotherm Temperature |
174ºC (300 gram concentrated mass) after 50 minutes |
|
Handle Time |
6 – 8 Hours Set to Touch, 10 Hours Green Strength |
|
Maximum Operating Temperature |
95ºC |
|
Full Cure Time |
36 Hrs. Minimum @ 25ºC |
|
Accelerated Cure Schedule |
4 hours at 25ºC or until dry to the touch plus 30 Minutes @ 150ºF |
Heat Resistance Study By Shore Durometer Hardness Test
The heat resistance of MAX 1618 A/B was tested by heating a 2-inch cube in 5-degree increments and the Shore hardness was determined using both the Shore A and D scale.
This test demonstrates the heat resistance of the MAX 1618 A/B by determining at what temperature the Shore Hardness reading dramatically change.
At 140 °F a considerable change in Shore D Hardness Scale occurred due to the sharp needle-like indenter of the equipment began puncturing the surface of the specimen which may make the Scale D Hardness an unreliable test data.
The Shore A scale demonstrated a dramatic change in hardness at 240°F which demonstrates it maximum heat tolerance more accurately than the Shore D scale.
Hardness | Application |
30 Shore A | Art gum erasers |
35 Shore A | Rubber bands |
40 Shore A | Can tester pads |
50 Shore A | Rubber stamps |
55 Shore A | Pencil erasers |
60 Shore A | Screen wiper blades |
65 Shore A | Automotive tires |
70 Shore A | Shoe heels |
75 Shore A | Abrasive handling pads |
80 Shore A | Shoe soles |
85 Shore A | Tap washers |
90 Shore A | Typewriter rollers |
95 Shore A | Forklift solid tires |
60 Shore D | Golf ball |
70 Shore D | Metal forming wiper dies |
80 Shore D | Paper-making rolls |
Shore Durometer hardness is a measure of the resistance of a material to penetration of a spring-loaded needle-like indenter.
The measured hardness is determined by the penetration depth of the indenter under the load.
Two different indenter shapes and two different spring loads are used for two Shore scales (A and D).
The left specimen demonstrates poor color stability even if it is unexposed to direct sunlight or elevated temperature.
Note the MAX 1618 A/B specimen that was formed at the same time and kept in a temperature controlled (25.0°C +/- 0.5 °C) chamber that filters out any UV radiation from an ambient light source.
MAX 1618 A/B DIRECT SUNLIGHT EXPOSURE STUDY
Note the low yellowing performance of MAX 1618 A/B compared to a common brand epoxy resin after equal direct sunlight exposure of 2 months.
Competitive brand clear resin system formulated with nonylphenol plasticizers after sunlight exposure
Note the absolute clarity of the MAX 1618 A/B
specimen exhibiting excellent transparency and low refractive index.
COATING AND CASTING MEASUREMENTS AND STANDARDS
FLUID GALLON VOLUME CONVERSION
1 US GALLON | 231 CUBIC INCHES |
1 US GALLON | 128 FLUID OUNCES |
1 US GALLON | 3.7854 LITERS |
1 US GALLON | 4 US QUARTS |
1 US GALLON | 16 CUPS |
1 US GALLON OF UNFILLED PURE EPOXY RESIN | 9.23 POUNDS |
1 US GALLON OF UNFILLED PURE EPOXY RESIN | 4195 GRAMS |
USE THESE THEORETICAL FACTORS THAT RELATES TO ANY UNDILUTED EPOXY RESIN AS A GUIDE:
1 GALLON = 231 CUBIC INCHES |
1 GALLON OF RESIN CAN COVERS 1608 SQUARE FEET 1 MIL OR 0.001 INCH CURED COATING THICKNESS |
1 GALLON OF RESIN IS 128 OUNCES |
1 GALLON OF MIXED EPOXY RESIN IS 9.23 POUNDS |
1 GALLON OF RESIN IS 3.7854 LITERS |
MAX 1618 A/B AVAILABLE KIT SIZES
CRYSTAL CLEAR, HIGH STRENGTH, LOWEST VISCOSITY-THIN, DURABILITY & TOUGHNESS, EXCELLENT WOOD WORKING RESIN
MAX 1618 A/B 3/4 Gallon Kit |
|
MAX 1818 A/B 3/4 Gallon Kit |
|
MAX 1618 A/B 1.5 Gallon Kit |
Review The Following Usage Information Before Using This Product.
Due To Its High Purity Grade Resin Formulation, MAX 1618 A/b Is Prone To Crystallization Due To Cold Temperature And Sudden Mechanical Shock.
Do Not Use The Resin System Unless It Has Been Properly Processed To Ensure Its Proper Cure And High Mechanical Performance.
Use An Infrared Heat Lamp For Curing Larger Parts Faster.
EPOXY RESIN MIXING TECHNIQUE
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Please view the following video for the proper mixing of epoxy resins.
Although the resin system demonstrated is MAX CLR A/B, it demonstrates the proper technique of mixing any type of epoxy resin system.
The proper cure and final performance of an epoxy resin system are highly dependent on the quality and thoroughness of the mix.
The resin and curing agent must be mixed to a homogeneous consistency to achieve full cure with no tackiness or uncured spots.
PROPER MIXING TECHNIQUE
How To Mix Epoxy Resin For Food Contact Coating. Avoid Tacky Spots, Minimize Air Bubble When Mixing - YouTube
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By resolute definition, a fabricated COMPOSITE material is a manufactured collection of two or more ingredients or products intentionally combined to form a new homogeneous material that is defined by its performance that should uniquely greater than the sum of its individual parts. This method is also defined as a SYNERGISTIC COMPOSITION.
COMPOSITE MATERIAL COMPOSITION
REINFORCING FABRIC & IMPREGNATING RESIN
PLUS
'ENGINEERED PROCESS'
EQUALS
COMPOSITE LAMINATE WITH THE BEST WEIGHT TO STRENGTH PERFORMANCE
With respect to the raw materials selection -fabric and resin, the fabricating process and the and curing and test validation of composite part, these aspects must be carefully considered and in the engineering phase of the composite.
TYPES OF FABRIC WEAVE STYLE AND SURFACE FINISHING
FOR RESIN TYPE COMPATIBILITY
Fabrics are generally considered ”balanced” if the breaking strength is within 15% warp to fill and are best in bias applications on lightweight structures. “Unbalanced” fabrics are excellent when a greater load is required one direction and a lesser load in the perpendicular direction.
Weaves:
Most fabrics are stronger in the warp than the fill because higher tension is placed on the warp fiber keeping it straighter during the weaving process. Rare exceptions occur when a larger, therefore stronger thread is used in the fill direction than the warp direction.
PLAIN WEAVE Is a very simple weave pattern and the most common style. The warp and fill yarns are interlaced over and under each other in alternating fashion. Plain weave provides good stability, porosity and the least yarn slippage for a given yarn count. | 8 HARNESS SATIN WEAVE The eight-harness satin is similar to the four-harness satin except that one filling yarn floats over seven warp yarns and under one. This is a very pliable weave and is used for forming over curved surfaces. | 4 HARNESS SATIN WEAVE The four-harness satin weave is more pliable than the plain weave and is easier to conform to curved surfaces typical in reinforced plastics. In this weave pattern, there is a three by one interfacing where a filling yarn floats over three warp yarns and under one. | 2x2 TWILL WEAVE Twill weave is more pliable than the plain weave and has better drivability while maintaining more fabric stability than a four or eight harness satin weave. The weave pattern is characterized by a diagonal rib created by one warp yarn floating over at least two filling yarns. |
All of the fiberglass fabrics is woven By HEXCEL COMPOSITES, a leading manufacturer of composite materials engineered for high-performance applications in marine, aerospace for commercial and military, automotive, sporting goods and other application-critical performance. These fabrics are 100% epoxy-compatible and will yield the best mechanical properties when properly fabricated.
Finishing Cross Reference And Resin Type Compatibility
RESIN COMPATIBILITY | Industries | Clark Schwebel | J.P Stevens | Uniglass Industries |
Epoxy, Polyester | VOLAN A | VOLAN A | VOLAN A | VOLAN A |
Epoxy, Polyester | I-550 | CS-550 | S-550 | UM-550 |
Phenolic, Melamine | I-588 | A1100 | A1100 | A1100 |
Epoxy, Polyimide | I-589 | Z6040 | S-920 | UM-675 |
Epoxy | I-399 | CS-272A | S-935 | UM-702 |
Epoxy | | CS-307 | | UM-718 |
Epoxy | | CS-344 | | UM-724 |
Silicone | 112 | 112 | | n-pH (neutral pH) |
AVAILABLE FIBERGLASS, CARBON FIBER, AND KEVLAR FABRICS
HEXCEL 120 1.5-OUNCE FIBERGLASS PLAIN WEAVE 5 YARDS | |
HEXCEL 120 1.5-OUNCE FIBERGLASS PLAIN WEAVE 10 YARDS | |
HEXCEL 7532 7-OUNCE FIBERGLASS PLAIN WEAVE 5 YARDS | |
HEXCEL 7500 10 OUNCE FIBERGLASS PLAIN WEAVE 3 YARDS | |
HEXCEL 7500 10 OUNCE FIBERGLASS PLAIN WEAVE 5 YARDS | |
HEXCEL 3582 14 OUNCE FIBERGLASS SATIN WEAVE 5 YARDS | |
HEXCEL 3582 14 OUNCE FIBERGLASS SATIN WEAVE 10 YARDS | |
HEXCEL 1584 26 OUNCE FIBERGLASS SATIN WEAVE 3 YARDS | |
HEXCEL 1584 26 OUNCE FIBERGLASS SATIN WEAVE 5 YARDS | |
FIBERGLASS 45+/45- DOUBLE BIAS 3 YARDS | |
|
|
CARBON FIBER FABRIC 3K 2x2 TWILL WEAVE 6 OZ. 3 YARDS | |
CARBON FIBER FABRIC 3K PLAIN WEAVE 6 OZ 3 YARDS | |
|
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KEVLAR 49 HEXCEL 351 PLAIN WEAVE FABRIC 2.2 OZ |
MAX BOND LOW VISCOSITY A/B
Marine Grade
MAX BOND LOW VISCOSITY 32-Ounce kit | |
MAX BOND LOW VISCOSITY 64-Ounce Kit | |
MAX BOND LOW VISCOSITY 1-Gallon Kit | |
MAX BOND LOW VISCOSITY 2-Gallon kit | |
MAX BOND LOW VISCOSITY 10-Gallon Kit |
MAX 1618 A/B
Crystal Clear, High Strength, Lowest Viscosity (Thin), Durability & Toughness, Excellent Wood Working Resin
MAX 1618 A/B 48-Ounce Kit | |
MAX 1618 A/B 3/4-Gallon Kit | |
MAX 1618 A/B 3/4-Gallon Kit | |
MAX 1618 A/B 1.5-Gallon Kit |
MAX CLR A/B
Water Clear Transparency, Chemical Resistance, FDA Compliant For Food Contact, High Impact, Low Viscosity
MAX CLR A/B 24-Ounce Kit | |
MAX CLR A/B 48-Ounce Kit | |
MAX CLR A/B 96-Ounce Kit | |
MAX CLR A/B 96-Ounce Kit | |
MAX CLR A/B 1.5-Gallon Kit |
MAX GRE A/B
GASOLINE RESISTANT EPOXY RESIN
Resistant To Gasoline/E85 Blend, Acids & Bases, Sealing, Coating, Impregnating Resin
MAX GRE A/B 48-Ounce Kit | |
MAX GRE A/B 96-Ounce Kit |
MAX HTE A/B
HIGH-TEMPERATURE EPOXY
Heat Cured Resin System For Temperature Resistant Bonding, Electronic Potting, Coating, Bonding
MAX HTE A/B 80-Ounce Kit | |
MAX HTE A/B 40-Ounce Kit |
Step Three:
Proper Lay-Up Technique -Putting It All Together
Pre-lay-up notes
Mix the proper amount of resin needed and be accurate proportioning the resin and curing agent. Adding more curing agent than the recommended mix ratio will not promote a faster cure. Over saturation or starving the fiberglass or any composite fabric will yield poor mechanical performance. When mechanical load or pressure is applied to the composite laminate, the physical strength of the fabric should bear the stress and not the resin. If the laminate is over saturated with the resin it will most likely to fracture or shatter instead of rebounding and resist damage.
Don’t how much resin to use to go with the fiberglass?
A good rule of thumb is to maintain a minimum of 30 to 35% resin content by weight, this is the optimum ratio used in high-performance prepreg (or pre-impregnated fabrics) typically used in aerospace and high-performance structural application.
For general hand lay-ups, calculate using 60% fabric weight to 40% resin weight as a safety factor. This will ensure that the fabricated laminate will be below 40% resin content depending on the waste factor accrued during fabrication.
Place the entire pre-cut fiberglass to be used on a digital scale to determine the fabric to resin weight ratio. Measuring by weight will ensure accurate composite fabrication and repeatability, rather than using OSY data.
THE USE OF A WEIGHING SCALE IS HIGHLY RECOMMENDED
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A good rule of thumb is to maintain a minimum of 30 to 35% resin content by weight, this is the optimum ratio used in high-performance prepreg (or pre-impregnated fabrics) typically used in aerospace and high-performance structural application. For general hand lay-ups, calculate using 60% fabric weight to 40% resin weight as a safety factor. This will ensure that the fabricated laminate will be below 40% resin content depending on the waste factor accrued during fabrication.
Place the entire pre-cut fiberglass to be used on a digital scale to determine the fabric to resin weight ratio. Measuring by weight will ensure accurate composite fabrication and repeatability, rather than using OSY data.
Typical fabric weight regardless of weave pattern
1 ounce per square yard is equal to 28.35 grams
1 square yard equals to 1296 square inches (36 inches x 36 inches)
FOR EXAMPLE
1 yard of 8-ounces per square yard (OSY) fabric weighs 226 grams
1 yard of 10-ounces per square yard (OSY) fabric weighs 283 grams
Ounces per square yard or OSY is also known as aerial weight, which is the most common unit of measurement for composite fabrics. To determine how much resin is needed to adequately impregnate the fiberglass, use the following equation:
(Total Weight of Fabric divided by 60%)X( 40%)= weight of mixed resin needed
OR
fw= fabric weight
rc= target resin content
rn=resin needed
MASTER EQUATION
(fw/60%)x(40%)=rn
FOR EXAMPLE
1 SQUARE YARD OF 8-OSY FIBERGLASS FABRIC WEIGHS 226 GRAMS
(226 grams of dry fiberglass / 60%) X 40% = 150.66 grams of resin needed
So for every square yard of 8-ounce fabric, it will need 150.66 grams of mixed resin.
Computing For Resin And Curing Agent Amount
150.66 grams of resin needed
MIX RATIO OF RESIN SYSTEM IS 2:1 OR
50 PHR (per hundred resin)
2 = 66.67% (2/3)
+
1 = 33.33%(1/3)
=
(2+1)=3 or (66.67%+33.33%)=100% or (2/3+1/3)= 3/3
150.66 x 66.67%= 100.45 grams of Part A RESIN
150.66 x 33.33%= 50.21 grams of Part B CURING AGENT
100.45 + 50.21 = 150.66 A/B MIXTURE
GENERAL LAY-UP PROCEDURE
Apply the mixed resin onto the surface and then lay the fabric and allow the resin to saturate through the fabric.
NOT THE OTHER WAY AROUND
This is one of the most common processing error that yields sub-standard laminates. By laying the fiberglass onto a layer of the prepared resin, fewer air bubbles are entrapped during the wetting-out stage. Air is pushed up and outwards instead of forcing the resin through the fabric which will entrap air bubbles. This technique will displace air pockets unhindered and uniformly disperse the impregnating resin throughout the fiberglass.
HAND LAY-UP TECHNIQUE
Eliminating air entrapment or void porosity in an epoxy/fiberglass lay-up process
Similar to the Vacuum Bagging Process where the negative pressure is used to apply consolidation force to the laminate while the resin cures, the resin is infused into the fabric lay-up by sucking the impregnating resin and thus forming the composite laminate.
The VARTM Process produces parts that require less secondary steps, such as trimming, polishing or grinding with excellent mechanical properties. However, the vacuum infusion requires more additional or supplemental related equipment and expendable materials. So the pros and cons of each presented composite fabrication process should be carefully determined to suit the user's capabilities and needs.
Please view the following video demonstration which explains the process of Vacuum Infusion or VARTM process.
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EVERYTHING YOU NEED TO MEASURE, MIX, DISPENSE OR APPLY
1 Each Digital Scale -Durable, Accurate Up To 2000.0 Grams
4 Each 32-ounce (1 Quart) Clear HDPE Plastic Mix Cups
4 Each 16-ounce (1 Pint) Clear HDPE Plastic Mix Cups
One Size Fits All Powder-Free Latex Gloves
2 Each Graduated Syringes
Wooden Stir Sticks
Assorted Size Foam Brush
Your purchase constitutes the acceptance of this disclaimer. Please review before purchasing this product. The user should thoroughly test any proposed use of this product and independently conclude satisfactory performance in the application. Likewise, if the manner in which this product is used requires government approval or clearance, the user must obtain said approval. The information contained herein is based on data believed to be accurate at the time of publication. Data and parameters cited have been obtained through published information, PolymerProducts laboratories using materials under controlled conditions. Data of this type should not be used for a specification for fabrication and design. It is the user's responsibility to determine this Composites fitness for use. There is no warranty of merchantability of fitness for use, nor any other express implied warranty. The user's exclusive remedy and the manufacturer's liability are limited to refund of the purchase price or replacement of the product within the agreed warranty period. PolymerProducts and its direct representative will not be liable for incidental or consequential damages of any kind. Determination of the suitability of any kind of information or product for the use contemplated by the user, the manner of that use and whether there is any infringement of patents is the sole liability of the user.