Diagnosis of microsporidial infections is routinely performed by labour-intensive and insensitive laboratory staining methods that require skilled technologists. These factors contribute to under reporting of this wide spread infection. This book discussed the utility of SYBR Green real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction with melting curves for the simultaneous detection and differentiation of microsporidial infections in stool samples of immunosuppressed patients in comparison to the conventional modified trichrome stain technique, and in relation to the age, sex, and different causes of immunosuppression of the patients.