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An updated guide to veterinary hematology with expanded coverage on a variety of topics The revised seventh edition of Schalm's Veterinary Hematology is updated to provide a comprehensive review of all topics related to disorders of the blood in animals. Designed as a gold-standard reference, this text covers a wide range of species in both confined and free-range populations, reflects the most recent trends in hematology diagnostics, and discusses recent advances in traditional techniques. Edited and written by an international team of experts in the field, the book represents an accessible yet in-depth resource for information on veterinary hematology. The new edition includes a hemolymphatic tissue section that covers current understanding of basic science and the species-specific hematology section is further expanded from previous editions. New chapters address emerging topics in hematology, and existing chapters have been revised and rearranged to improve readability and simplify access to the material. This seventh edition: Updates the most complete reference on veterinary hematology across species Contains a new section on basic biology of hemolymphatic tissues Expands coverage of species-specific hematology Presents new and emerging topics in blood disorders and diagnostic techniques Features a reorganized contents list for an integrated, easy to use reference Written for veterinary clinical pathologists and residents, diagnostic laboratory staff, internists, and specialists, Schalm's Veterinary Hematology is the most comprehensive and up-to-date reference on the topic.

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An updated guide to veterinary hematology with expanded coverage on a variety of topics The revised seventh edition of Schalm's Veterinary Hematology is updated to provide a comprehensive review of all topics related to disorders of the blood in animals. Designed as a gold-standard reference, this text covers a wide range of species in both confined and free-range populations, reflects the most recent trends in hematology diagnostics, and discusses recent advances in traditional techniques. Edited and written by an international team of experts in the field, the book represents an accessible yet in-depth resource for information on veterinary hematology. The new edition includes a hemolymphatic tissue section that covers current understanding of basic science and the species-specific hematology section is further expanded from previous editions. New chapters address emerging topics in hematology, and existing chapters have been revised and rearranged to improve readability and simplify access to the material. This seventh edition: Updates the most complete reference on veterinary hematology across species Contains a new section on basic biology of hemolymphatic tissues Expands coverage of species-specific hematology Presents new and emerging topics in blood disorders and diagnostic techniques Features a reorganized contents list for an integrated, easy to use reference Written for veterinary clinical pathologists and residents, diagnostic laboratory staff, internists, and specialists, Schalm's Veterinary Hematology is the most comprehensive and up-to-date reference on the topic.

Author Biography

The editors Marjory B. Brooks, DVM, DACVIM, is Director of the Comparative Coagulation Laboratory at Cornell University's Animal Health Diagnostic Center in Ithaca, New York, USA. Kendal E. Harr, DVM, MS, DACVP, is Owner and Clinical Pathologist at Urika, LLC in Mukilteo, Washington, USA. Davis M. Seelig, DVM, PhD, DACVP, is Associate Professor in the Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences at the University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine in St. Paul, Minnesota, USA. K. Jane Wardrop, DVM, MS, DACVP, is Professor in the Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences at the College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University in Pullman, Washington, USA. Douglas J. Weiss, DVM, PhD, DACVP, is Emeritus Professor at the University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine in St. Paul, Minnesota, USA.

Table of Contents

Dedication v Contributors xv Preface xxv Acknowledgments xxvii Section I Hemolymphatic Tissue 1 Chapter 1 Embryonic and Fetal Hematopoiesis 3
Kelli L. Boyd and Brad Bolon Chapter 2 Stem Cell Biology 9
Dori L. Borjesson and Jed A. Overmann Chapter 3 Structure of the Bone Marrow 18
Nicole I. Stacy and John W. Harvey Chapter 4 The Hematopoietic System 27
Bruce D. Car and Davis M. Seelig Chapter 5 Vasculogenesis and Endothelial Cell Production 37
Jong Hyuk Kim Chapter 6 Cluster of Differentiation (CD) Antigens 41
Melinda J. Wilkerson and Nora L. Springer Chapter 7 Major Histocompatibility Complex Antigens 48
Paul R. Hess Chapter 8 Lymphocyte Biology and Functions 63
Ian Tizard Chapter 9 Structure and Function of Primary and Secondary Lymphoid Tissue 74
Cleverson D. Souza, Meredeth Mcentire, V.E. Ted Valli, and Robert M. Jacobs Section II Hematotoxicity 85 Chapter 10 Design and Methods of Nonclinical Hematotoxicity Studies 87
William J. Reagan and Armando R. Irizarry Rovira Chapter 11 Interpretation of Hematologic Data in Nonclinical Studies 93
JEFFREY Mccartney Chapter 12 Nonclinical Evaluation of Compound-Related Cytopenias 100
Laurie G. O'rourke Chapter 13 Nonclinical Evaluation of CompoundRelated Alterations in Hemostasis 108
F. PoitoutBelissent Chapter 14 Preclinical Evaluation of Immunotoxicity 116
Kristin L. Henson Chapter 15 Blood and Bone Marrow Toxicity Induced by Drugs, Heavy Metals, Chemicals , and Toxic Plants 122
Douglas J. Weiss Chapter 16 Acute Myelotoxicity and Myelitis in Domestic and Laboratory Animals 133
Adam D. Aulbach and Douglas J. Weiss Chapter 17 Chronic Inflammation and Secondary Myelofibrosis in Domestic and Laboratory Animals 138
Adam D. Aulbach and Douglas J. Weiss Chapter 18 Infectious Injury to Bone Marrow 144
K. Jane Wardrop Section III Erythrocytes 149 Chapter 19 Erythropoiesis 151
Christine Swardson Olver Chapter 20 Erythrocyte Structure and Function 158
Christine Swardson Olver Chapter 21 Erythrocyte Biochemistry 166
John W. Harvey Chapter 22 Erythrokinetics and Erythrocyte Destruction 172
Andrea Pires Dos Santos, and John A. Christian Chapter 23 Reticulocyte and Heinz Body Staining and Enumeration 181
Harold Tvedten and Andreas Moritz Chapter 24 Erythrocyte Morphology 188
Anne M. Barger Chapter 25 Classification and Laboratory Evaluation of Anemia 198
Harold Tvedten Chapter 26 Erythrocytosis 209
John F. Randolph, Mark E. Peterson, and Erica Behling-Kelly Chapter 27 Iron and Copper Deficiencies, and Disorders of Iron Metabolism 215
Lauren B. Radakovich and Christine Swardson Olver Chapter 28 The Porphyrias—Disorders of Defective Heme Synthesis 221
Andrea A. Bohn Chapter 29 Hereditary Erythroenzymopathies 229
Urs Giger Chapter 30 Erythrocyte Membrane Defects 238
Mutsumi Inaba and Joanne B. Messick Chapter 31 Congenital Dyserythropoiesis 248
Douglas J. Weiss Chapter 32 Anemia Associated with Oxidative Injury 252
Erica Behling-Kelly and Ashleigh Newman Chapter 33 Anemia Caused by Rickettsia, Mycoplasma, and Protozoa 260
Susan Fielder, Robin W. Allison, and James H. Meinkoth Chapter 34 Anemia Associated with Bacterial and Viral Infections 273
George M. Barrington and Debra C. Sellon Chapter 35 Immune-Mediated Anemia in the Dog 278
Jillian M. Haines, Andrew Mackin, and Michael J. Day Chapter 36 Immune-Mediated Anemia in the Cat 292
Ashleigh Newman and Tracy Stokol Chapter 37 Immune-Mediated Anemia in Ruminants and Horses 300
Jenifer R. Gold Chapter 38 Precursor-Targeted Immune-Mediated Anemia and Pure Red Cell Aplasia in Dogs and Cats 307
Cynthia A. Lucidi Chapter 39 Anemia of Inflammatory, Neoplastic, Renal, and Endocrine Diseases 313
Agata K. Grzelak and Michael M. Fry Chapter 40 Aplastic Anemia 318
Jennifer L. Brazzell and Douglas J. Weiss Section IV Leukocytes 323 Chapter 41 Granulopoiesis 325
M. Judith Radin and Maxey L. Wellman Chapter 42 Neutrophil Structure and Biochemistry 333
Claire B. Andreasen Chapter 43 Neutrophil Function and Response 339
Dana N. Levine and Claire B. Andreasen Chapter 44 Neutrophil Function Disorders 347
Stefano Comazzi, Luca Aresu, and Douglas J. Weiss Chapter 45 Clinical Evaluation of Neutrophil Function 354
Stefano Comazzi Chapter 46 Eosinophils and Their Disorders 363
Karen M. Young and Elizabeth A. Layne Chapter 47 Basophils, Mast Cells, and Their Disorders 373
Brandy C. Kastl and Lisa M. Pohlman Chapter 48 Monocytes, Macrophages, and Dendritic Cell Production 381
Cleverson D. Souza and Douglas J. Weiss Chapter 49 Monocytes and Macrophages and Their Disorders 386
Cleverson D. Souza and Meaghan V. Eren Chapter 50 Lymphocyte Ontogeny and Lymphopoiesis 395
Amy L. Warren and Robin M. Yates Chapter 51 Structure, Function, and Disorders of Lymphoid Tissue 402
Amy L. Warren and Robin M. Yates Chapter 52 Systemic Lupus Erythematosus 414
Luc Chabanne Chapter 53 Feline Immunodeficiency Virus 424
Margaret J. Hosie and Hans Lutz Chapter 54 T Cell, Immunoglobulin, and Complement Immunodeficiency Disorders 431
Peter J. Felsburg Chapter 55 Severe Combined Immunodeficiencies 436
Steven E. Suter Chapter 56 Lymphadenopathy Not Caused by Lymphoma 442
Harold Tvedten Section V Hematologic Neoplasia 449 Chapter 57 Cell-Cycle Control in Hematopoietic Cells 451
Jaime F. Modiano and Catherine A. St. Hill Chapter 58 Epidemiology of Hematopoietic Neoplasia 457
Michelle G. Ritt Chapter 59 Genetics of Hematopoietic Neoplasia 463
Diana Giannuzzi, Jaime F. Modiano, and Matthew Breen Chapter 60 Transforming Retroviruses 471
Mary Jo Burkhard Chapter 61 Cytochemical Staining and Immunocytochemistry 478
Rose E. Raskin, Kelly Santangelo, and Klaudia Polak Chapter 62 Determination of Clonality 500
Yuko Goto-Koshino and Hajime Tsujimoto Chapter 63 Immunophenotyping 508
Austin K. Viall Chapter 64 Flow Cytometry in Hematologic Neoplasia 515
Jaime L. Tarigo, Davis M. Seelig, and Anne C. Avery Chapter 65 Classification and General Features of Lymphoma and Leukemia 528
Barbara C. Rutgen and Jennifer Bouschor Chapter 66 Myeloproliferative Neoplasms 538
Eric J. Fish Chapter 67 Myelodysplastic Syndromes 548
Douglas J. Weiss and Rance K. Sellon Chapter 68 Acute Myeloid Leukemia 557
Tracy Stokol Chapter 69 BCell Tumors 570
Luca Aresu, Stefano Comazzi, Laura Marconato, and Francesco Bertoni Chapter 70 Plasma Cell Tumors 588
Antonella Borgatti Chapter 71 Hodgkin and HodgkinLike Lymphoma 599
Daniel A. Heinrich and Erin N. Burton Chapter 72 TCell Tumors 605
Nariman Deravi, Stefan Keller, and Dorothee Bienzle Chapter 73 Mast Cell Neoplasia 626
Melinda S. Camus Chapter 74 Histiocytic Proliferative Diseases of Dogs and Cats 633
Peter F. Moore Section VI Platelets 649 Chapter 75 Thrombopoiesis 651
Mary K. Boudreaux and Pete W. Christopherson Chapter 76 Platelet Structure 658
Mary K. Boudreaux and Pete W. Christopherson Chapter 77 Platelet Signal Transduction and Activation Response 667
Pete W. Christopherson and Mary K. Boudreaux Chapter 78 Platelet Kinetics and Laboratory Evaluation of Thrombocytopenia 675
Adi WasserkrugNaor Chapter 79 Evaluation of Platelet Function 686
Pete W. Christopherson and Marjory B. Brooks Chapter 80 Immune Thrombocytopenia 696
Dana N. Levine and Marjory B. Brooks Chapter 81 NonimmuneMediated Thrombocytopenia 709
Julie Allen Chapter 82 Thrombocytosis and Essential Thrombocythemia 721
Julie Allen and Tracy Stokol Chapter 83 von Willebrand Disease 731
Marjory B. Brooks and James L. Catalfamo Chapter 84 Inherited Platelet Disorders 739
Mary K. Boudreaux and Pete W. Christopherson Chapter 85 Acquired Platelet Dysfunction 747
Benjamin M. Brainard Chapter 86 Treatment of Disorders of Platelet Number and Function 755
Mary Beth Callan Section VII Hemostasis 763 Chapter 87 Overview of Hemostasis 765
Maureen A. Mcmichael Chapter 88 Laboratory Testing of Coagulation Disorders 787
Marjory B. Brooks Chapter 89 Acquired Coagulopathies 804
Marjory B. Brooks and Armelle De Laforcade Chapter 90 Hereditary Coagulopathies 812
Marjory B. Brooks Chapter 91 Thrombotic Disorders 821
Erica BehlingKelly and Robert Goggs Chapter 92 Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation 837
Tracy Stokol Chapter 93 Vascular Diseases 848
Sean P. Mcdonough Chapter 94 Treatment of Hemostatic Defects 855
Robert Goggs and Alex M. Lynch Chapter 95 Avian Hemostasis 865
Karen E. Russell and J. Jill Heatley Section VIII Transfusion Medicine 875 Chapter 96 Erythrocyte Antigens and Blood Groups 877
MarieClaude Blais and Maria Cecilia T. Penedo Chapter 97 Granulocyte and Platelet Antigens 891
Jennifer S. Thomas Chapter 98 Principles of Canine and Feline Blood Collection, Processing, and Storage 898
Anthony C. G. Abrams-Ogg and Shauna L. Blois Chapter 99 Red Blood Cell Transfusion in the Dog and Cat 908
Mary Beth Callan Chapter 100 Transfusion of Plasma Products 914
Marjory B. Brooks Chapter 101 Platelet and Granulocyte Transfusion 921
Anthony C. G. AbramsOgg, and Shauna L. Blois Chapter 102 Blood Transfusion in Large Animals 927
Margaret C. Mudge Chapter 103 Blood Transfusion in Exotic Species 933
Anneliese Strunk and Anke C. Stohr Chapter 104 Transfusion Reactions 940
Nicole M. Weinstein Chapter 105 Cellular Therapy 948
Steven E. Suter and Steven Dow Chapter 106 Clinical Use of Hematopoietic Growth Factors 957
Steven E. Suter Chapter 107 Clinical Blood Typing and Crossmatching 964
K. Jane Wardrop Section IX Species-Specific Hematology 969 Chapter 108 Hematology of Dogs 971
Maggie R. Mccourt and Theresa E. Rizzi Chapter 109 Hematology of Cats 983
Deanna M. W. Schaefer Chapter 110 Hematology of Equids 993
Kathleen P. Freeman, Alison J. Farr, and Annalisa Barrelet Chapter 111 Hematology of Bovids 1004
R. Darren Wood Chapter 112 Hematology of Sheep and Goats 1012
Jason Stayt Chapter 113 Hematology of Pigs 1019
Catherine E. Thorn, Andrew S. Bowman, and David Eckersall Chapter 114 Hematology of Rodentia 1026
Amy L. Macneill Chapter 115 Hematology of Mustelids 1034
Stacy Clothier and Cathy JohnsonDelaney Chapter 116 Hematology of Cavies 1043
Samantha J. M. Evans and Kurt L. Zimmerman Chapter 117 Hematology of Lagomorphs 1050
Francisco O. Conrado Chapter 118 Hematology of Laboratory Animals 1058
Karyn E. Enos and David M. Moore Chapter 119 Hematology of Camelids 1073
Susan J. Tornquist Chapter 120 Hematology of Cervids 1079
Bridget C. Garner Chapter 121 Hematology of Paenungulata: Elephants, Sirenians, and Hyraxes 1090
Emma H. Hooijberg Chapter 122 Hematology of Marine Mammals 1104
Nicole I. Stacy and Hendrik H. Nollens Chapter and Hematology of Galliformes 1114
Julie Piccione and Jessica Hokamp Chapter 124 Hematology of Psittacines 1127
Diana Schwartz and Hugues Beaufrère Chapter 125 Hematology of Anseriformes 1140
Jessica Hokamp and Julie Piccione Chapter 126 Hematology of Raptors 1148
Jennifer Johns Chapter 127 Hematology of Ratites 1159
Phillip Clark Chapter 128 Hematology of Elasmobranchs 1166
Jill E. Arnold and Alexa Delaune Chapter 129 Hematology of Salmonids 1176
Jere Stern Chapter 130 Hematology of Ictaluridae 1182
Patricia Gaunt Chapter 131 Hematology of Cyprinidae 1188
Ilze K. Berzins and Alexander E. Primus Chapter 132 Hematology of Lizards, Crocodilians, and Tuatara 1197
Charlotte Hollinger and Jean A. Paré Chapter 133 Hematology of Serpentes 1209
Laura J. Black and Marjorie Bercier Chapter 134 Hematology of Testudines 1219
Jennifer D. Steinberg and Stephen J. Divers Chapter 135 Hematology of Amphibians 1228
PERRY BAIN and KENDAL E. HARR Chapter 136 Hematology of Invertebrates 1233
Jill E. Arnold Section X Quality Management and Laboratory Techniques 1241 Chapter 137 Quality Management of Hematology Techniques 1243
Martina Stirn and Kathleen P. Freeman Chapter 138 Total Error and Proficiency Testing 1255
Sten Westgard and Kathleen P. Freeman Chapter 139 Quantitative Diagnostic Test Validation 1263
Bente Flatland Chapter 140 Reference Intervals and Decision Limits 1273
Kristen R. Friedrichs, Asger Lundorff Jensen, and Mads KjelgaardHansen Chapter 141 Bone Marrow Evaluation 1285
Natali B. Bauer and Kendal E. Harr Chapter 142 Flow Cytometry 1295
Unity Jeffery Chapter 143 Testing for ImmuneMediated Hematologic Disease 1311
K. Jane Wardrop, Melinda J. Wilkerson, and Cinzia Mastrorilli Chapter 144 Electrophoresis and AcutePhase Proteins 1320
Alessia Giordano Chapter 145 Molecular Diagnostic Techniques 1331
Robert J. Ossiboff Chapter 146 Genetic Evaluation of Inherited Hematologic Diseases 1337
Noa Safra and Danika Bannasch Section 10 Glossary 1351 Index 1353

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