A
superb and rare photo of one
of the two founders of Jaguar, William
Lyons , next to the magnificent Jaguar
E-Type , or Jaguar XK-E
(Series 2) in 1969.
The
photograph was made for the introduction campaign of the new Series 2 of the
Jaguar E-Type or Jaguar XK-E.
William
Lyons founded together with William Walmsley the Swallow Sidecar Company
(1922), that became SS Cars Ltd. (1934), that became Jaguar Cars Lts. (in
1945).
The Jaguar E-Type
(UK) or Jaguar XK-E (US) was
produced between 1961 and 1974. Its combination of good looks, high
performance, and competitive pricing resulted in a great success for Jaguar,
with more than 70,000 E-Types being sold over its lifespan, and became an icon
of 1960s motoring. In March 2008, the Jaguar E-Type ranked first in the British
newspaper Daily Telegraph list of the "100 most beautiful cars" of
all time. In 2004, Sports Car International magazine placed the E-Type at
number one on their list of Top Sports Cars of the 1960s. The E-Type was
initially designed and shown to the public as a grand tourer in two seater
coupé form (FHC or Fixed Head Coupé) and as convertible (OTS or Open Two
Seater). The 2+2 version with a lengthened wheelbase was released several years
later. When released Enzo Ferrari called it "The most beautiful car ever
made". The model was made in 3 distinct versions generally referred to as
"Series 1", "Series 2" and "Series 3". A
transitional series between Series 1 and Series 2 is known unofficially as
"Series 1½". In addition, several limited-edition variants were
produced; The "'Lightweight' E-Type" which was apparently intended as
a sort of follow-up to the D-Type. Jaguar planned to produce 18 units but
ultimately only a dozen were reportedly built. Of those, one is known to have
been destroyed and two others have been converted to coupé form. The Jaguar
E-Type Series 1 was in production from 1961 to 1968. The Series 1 was
introduced, initially for export only, in March 1961. The domestic market
launch came four months later in July 1961. The cars at this time used the
triple SU carburetted 3.8 litre 6-cylinder
Jaguar XK6 engine from the XK150S. The first 500 cars built had flat floors and
external hood (bonnet) latches. These cars are rare and more valuable. After
that, the floors were dished to provide more leg room and the twin hood latches
moved to inside the car. The 3.8 litre engine was
increased to 4.2 litres in October
1964. All E-Types featured independent coil spring rear suspension with torsion
bar front ends, and four wheel disc brakes, in-board at the rear, all were
power-assisted. Jaguar was one of the first auto manufacturer to equip cars
with disc brakes as standard from the XK150 in 1958. The Series 1 can be recognised
by glass covered headlights (up to 1967), small "mouth" opening at
the front, signal lights and tail-lights above bumpers and exhaust tips under
the licence plate in the rear. 3.8 litre cars have
leather-upholstered bucket seats, an aluminium-trimmed centre instrument panel
and console (changed to vinyl and leather in 1963), and a 4-speed gearbox that
lacks synchromesh for 1st gear ("Moss box"). 4.2 litre cars have more
comfortable seats, improved brakes and electrical systems, and an
all-synchromesh 4-speed gearbox. 4.2 litre cars also have a badge
on the boot proclaiming "Jaguar 4.2 Litre E-Type" (3.8 cars
have a simple "Jaguar" badge). Optional extras included Chrome Spoked
wheels and a detachable hard top for the Open Two Seater. A 2+2 version of the
coupé was added in 1966. The 2+2 offered the option of an automatic
transmission. The body is 9 in (229 mm) longer and
the roof angles are different with a more vertical windscreen. The roadster
remained a strict two-seater. There was a transitional series of cars built in
1967-68, unofficially called "Series 1½", which are externally
similar to Series 1 cars. Due to American pressure the new features were open
headlights, different switches, and some de-tuning (with a downgrade of twin
Zenith-Stromberg carbs from the original triple SU carbs) for US models. Some
Series 1½ cars also have twin cooling fans and adjustable seat backs. Series 2
features were gradually introduced into the Series 1, creating the unofficial
Series 1½ cars, but always with the Series 1 body style. Less widely known,
there was also right at the end of Series 1 production and prior to the
transitional "Series 1½" referred to above, a very small number of
Series 1 cars produced with open headlights. These are sometimes referred to as
"Series 1¼" cars. Production dates on these machines vary but in
right hand drive form production has been verified as late as March 1968. It is
thought that the low number of these cars produced relative to the other Series
make them amongst the rarest of all production E Types. An open 3.8 litre car, actually the first
such production car to be completed, was tested by the British magazine The Motor
in 1961 and had a top speed of 149.1 mph (240.0 km/h) and could
accelerate from 0-60 mph (97 km/h) in 7.1
seconds. A fuel consumption of 21.3 miles per imperial gallon
(13.3 L/100 km; 17.7 mpg-US) was recorded. The test car cost
£2097 including taxes. The Jaguar E-Type Series 2 was in production from 1969
to 1971. Open headlights without glass covers, a wrap-around rear bumper,
re-positioned and larger front indicators and taillights below the bumpers,
better cooling aided by an enlarged "mouth" and twin electric fans,
and uprated brakes are hallmarks of Series 2 cars. De-tuned in US, but still
with triple SUs in the UK, the engine is easily identified visually by the
change from smooth polished cam covers to a more industrial 'ribbed'
appearance. Late Series 1½ cars also had ribbed cam covers. The interior and
dashboard were also redesigned, with rocker switches that met U.S health and
safety regulations being substituted for flick switches. The dashboard switches
also lost their symmetrical layout. New seats were fitted, which purists claim
lacked the style of the originals but were certainly more comfortable. Air
conditioning and power steering were available as factory options. The Jaguar
E-Type series 4 was in production from 1971 to 1975.
A new 5.3
L 12-cylinder Jaguar V12 engine was introduced,
with uprated brakes and standard power steering. The short wheelbase FHC body
style was discontinued and the V12 was available only as a convertible and 2+2
coupé. The convertible used the longer-wheelbase 2+2 floorpan. It is easily
identifiable by the aggressive, slatted front grille in place of the mouth of
earlier cars, flared wheel arches and a badge on the rear that proclaims it to
be a V12. There were also a very limited number of 4.2 litre six-cylinder Series 3
E-Types built. These were featured in the initial sales literature. It is
believed these are the rarest of all E-Types of any remaining. In 2008
a British classic car enthusiast assembled what
is surely the last ever E-Type from parts bought from the end-of-production
surplus in 1974. A rather
special version of the original Jaguar E Type was the Low Drag Coupé (1962). Shortly
after the introduction of the E-Type, Jaguar management wanted to investigate
the possibility of building a car more in the spirit of the D-Type racer from
which elements of the E-Type's styling and design were derived. One car was
built to test the concept designed as a coupé as its monocoque design could
only be made rigid enough for racing by using the "stressed skin"
principle. Previous Jaguar racers were built as open-top cars because they were
based on ladder frame designs with independent chassis and bodies. Unlike the
steel production E-Types the LDC used lightweight aluminium. Sayer retained the
original tub with lighter outer panels riveted and glued to it. The front steel
sub frame remained intact, the windshield was given a more pronounced slope and
the rear hatch welded shut. Rear brake cooling ducts appeared next to the rear
windows,and the interior trim was discarded, with only insulation around the
transmission tunnel. With the exception of the windscreen, all cockpit glass
was plexi. A tuned version of Jaguars 3.8 litre engine with a wide
angle cylinder-head design tested on the D-Type racers was used. Air management
became a major problem and, although much sexier looking and certainly faster
than a production E-Type, the car was never competitive: the faster it went,
the more it wanted to do what its design dictated: take off. The one and only
test bed car was completed in summer of 1962 but was sold a year later to
Jaguar racing driver Dick Protheroe who raced it extensively and eventually
sold it. Since then it has passed through the hands of several collectors on
both sides of the Atlantic. A special version of the
E-Type was the Lightweight E-Type (1963-1964). In some ways, this was an
evolution of the Low Drag Coupé. It made extensive use of aluminium alloy in
the body panels and other components. However, with at least one exception, it
remained an open-top car in the spirit of the D-Type to which this car is a
more direct successor than the production E-Type which is more of a GT than a
sports car. The cars used a tuned version of the production 3.8 litre Jaguar engine with 300
bhp (224 kW) output rather than the 265 bhp (198 kW) produced by the
"ordinary" version. At least one car is known to have been fitted
with fuel-injection. The cars were entered in various races but, unlike the
C-Type and D-Type racing cars, they did not win at Le Mans or Sebring. The
Jaguar E-Type was very successful in SCCA Production sports car racing with
Group44 and Bob Tullius taking the B-Production championship with a Series-3
V12 racer in 1975. A few years
later, Gran-Turismo Jaguar from Cleveland Ohio campaigned a
4.2 L 6 cylinder
FHC racer in SCCA production series and in 1980, won the National Championship
in the SCCA C-Production Class defeating a fully funded factory Nissan Z-car
team with Paul Newman.
Sir William Lyons
was born on september
4, 1901. He was known as "Mr. Jaguar"
and was with fellow motorcycle enthusiast William Walmsley, the co-founder in
1922 of the Swallow Sidecar Company, which became Jaguar Cars Limited after the
Second World War. Lyons was born in Blackpool, a son of Irish immigrant William Lyons, who owned a musical instrument
shop, and his wife Minnie Barcroft, the daughter of a mill owner. After
attending Arnold School, Lyons obtained an engineering apprenticeship at Crossley Motors in Manchester,
where he also studied at the technical school. He left Crossleys in 1919 to
work as a salesman at the Sunbeam dealers Brown and Mallalieu in Blackpool. In 1921 William
Walmsley moved next door, converting surplus army motorcycles for civilian use
and making sidecars. Lyons bought one. Lyons and Walmsley obtained from their fathers a
substantial £500 bank guarantee to go into business. Their plans were delayed
as Lyons was under the legal age, but on his 21st birthday he formed a
partnership with Walmsley. It was called Swallow Sidecars and had a staff of
"three men and a boy". The company manufactured stylish sidecars, but
after 1927 made increasing numbers of low cost coach-built cars, especially the
Austin Swallow which the Blackpool factory produced at the rate of 12 per week.
Following several moves to larger premises in Blackpool, in 1928 Lyons moved the
company and his family to Coventry. Production increased to 50 cars each week. The name was changed to SS
Cars Ltd. In 1931 they began selling the SS1, which then became company name in
1933. The following year, William Walmsley left the company. The first "Jaguar"
model was offered in 1935. SS Cars Ltd changed its name to to Jaguar after WW2
to avoid confusion with the Nazi "SS". During his time as managing
director of Jaguar, Lyons kept a tight rein on the company and was responsible for the styling of
every new model introduced (except for the C-type, D-type, E-type and XJ-S
which were designed by Malcolm Sayer). This was remarkable, as Sir William was
not trained to draw, and designed primarily using full scale 3-D mockups, which
were continually adjusted by tradesmen working under his instructions. In 1956 Lyons was knighted for
his services to British industry and for the fine export performance of the
company. In 1966, faced with the strengthening global industry, he merged
Jaguar with the British Motor Corporation (BMC) to form British Motor Holdings,
which was later absorbed into British Leyland. Lyons retired as
managing director near the end of 1967 but remained as chairman of Jaguar Cars
Ltd. He retired completely in 1972, and kept prize-winning sheep and cattle on
his farm at Wappenbury. Lyons married Greta Brown in 1924. Sir William Lyons died on 8 February 1985 at Wappenbury Hall, Leamington Spa, his home in Warwickshire. Each year
the Guild of Motoring Writers' Sir William Lyons Award is presented to young
motoring journalists by Jaguar Cars Ltd. Sir William Lyons, founder of Jaguar,
once said, "The car is the closest thing we will ever create to something
that is alive."
Jaguar Cars Limited,
based in Coventry, England, was founded as the Swallow Sidecar Company in Blackpool in 1922, changing to SS
Cars Ltd in 1934
in Coventry,
and finally becoming Jaguar Cars Ltd in 1945. Founded as the Swallow Sidecar
Company in 1922, by two motorcycle enthusiasts, William Lyons and William
Walmsley, the SS Jaguar name first appeared on a 2.5 litre saloon in 1935. The Jaguar name was given to the entire company in 1945
when the SS was dropped due to lack of popularity from WWII. Jaguar made its
name in the 1950s with a series of elegantly-styled sports cars and luxury
saloons. The company bought the Daimler Motor Company (not to be confused with
Daimler-Benz), in 1960 from Birmingham Small Arms Company (BSA). From the late
1960s, Daimler was used as a brand name for Jaguar's most luxurious saloons.
The company has had major success in sports car racing, particularly in the Le
Mans 24 Hours. Victories came in 1951 and 1953 with the C-Type, then in 1955,
1956 and 1957 with the D-Type. The manager of the racing team during this
period, Lofty England, later went on to become CEO of Jaguar in the early
1970s. Although the prototype XJ13 was built in the mid-1960s it was never
raced, and the famous race was then left for many years, until in the mid-1980s
when Tom Walkinshaw's TWR team started designing and preparing Jaguar
V12-engined sports prototypes for European sports car races. The team started
winning regularly from 1987, and with increased factory backing the team won Le Mans
in 1988 and 1990.
In the late 1990s, Ford
decided that Jaguar would be the corporation's Formula One entry. Ford bought
out the semi-works Stewart Grand Prix team and rebranded it as Jaguar Racing.
The Jaguar F1 program was not a success however, achieving only two podium
finishes in five seasons of competition between 2000 and 2004. At the end of
2004, with costs mounting and Ford's profits dwindling, the F1 team was sold to
Red Bull energy drinks owner Dietrich Mateschitz, and it became Red Bull
Racing. Since 2004 Jaguar has not had an official presence in motorsport. The
Swallow Sidecar company was originally located in Blackpool but moved to Holbrook Lane, Coventry
in 1928 when demand for the Austin Swallow became too great for the factory's
capacity. In 1951, having outgrown the original Coventry
site they moved again to Browns
Lane which had been a
wartime "shadow factory" run by the Daimler Motor Company. Today,
Jaguars are assembled at Castle Bromwich in Birmingham
and Halewood in Liverpool. The historic Browns
Lane plant closed in 2005, leaving
the XJ, XK and S-Type production at Castle Bromwich and the X-Type at Halewood,
alongside the new Land Rover Freelander 2, from 2007. The Jaguar company
started production with the pre-war 1.5, 2.5 and 3.5 litre models which used engines designed by the Standard Motor Company. The 1.5 litre four-cylinder engine was still supplied by Standard but the two larger
six-cylinder ones were made in house. These cars have become known unofficially
as Mark IVs. The first post war model was the 1948 Mark V available with either
2.5 or 3.5
litre engines and had a more
streamlined appearance than pre-war models, but more important was the change
to independent front suspension and hydraulic brakes. The big breakthrough was
the launch in 1948 of the XK120 sports car, with the new XK twin overhead
camshaft (DOHC) 3.5 litre
hemi-head six-cylinder engine designed by William Heynes, Walter Hassan and
Claude Baily. This engine had been designed during the long nights during the
war when they would be on fire watch in the factory. After several attempts a
final design was arrived at. That is until owner William Lyons said "make
it quieter". The car had originally been intended as a short production
model of about 200 vehicles as a test bed for the new engine until its intended
home, the new Mark VII saloon, was ready. The XK120's reception was such that
production continued until 1954; it was followed by the XK140, the XK150, and
the E-Type, keeping Jaguar in the sports car market. Introducing the large Mark
VII saloon in 1951,
a car especially
conceived for the American market, Jaguar soon found itself overwhelmed with
orders. The Mark VII and its successors gathered rave reviews from magazines
such as Road & Track and The Motor. In 1956 a
Mark VII won the prestigious Monte Carlo Rally. The 1955 Mark 1 small saloon
was the first monocoque (unibody) car from Jaguar and used a 2.4 litre short stroke version of the XK engine. In 1959, the car was improved
with a larger engine and wider windows and became the Mark 2, one of the most
recognizable Jaguar models ever produced. It would be popular with British
police forces for its small size, light weight, and powerful engine. The Mark
VIII of 1956 and Mark IX of 1958 were essentially updates of the Mark VII but
the Mark X of 1961 was a completely new design of large saloon with all round
independent suspension and unibody construction. The independent rear
suspension from the Mark X was incorporated in the 1963 S-Type which closely
resembled the Mark 2, and in 1967 the Mark 2 name was dropped when the small
saloon became the 240/340 range. The 420 of 1966, also sold as the Daimler Sovereign,
put a new front onto the S-type, although both cars continued in parallel until
the S-Type was dropped in 1968. The Mark X became the 420G in 1966. Of the more
recent saloons, the most significant is the XJ (1968-present), still the
definitive Jaguar saloon car for many. Since 1968 the Series I XJ has seen
major changes in 1973 (to Series II), 1979 (Series III), 1986 Europe/1987
United States (XJ40), 1995 (X300), 1997 (to the V-8 powered X308), 2003 (the present
model, X350). The most luxurious XJ models carry either the Vanden Plas (US) or
Daimler (rest of world) nameplates.
You
can always contact us for more Jaguar and other automotive photos!
This
is a very nice and very rare non period photo that reflects a wonderful era of Jaguar ‘s
automotive history in a wonderful way. This is your rare chance to
own this photo, therefore it is printed in a nice large format of ca.
8" x 10" (ca. 19.4 cm x 25.5 cm). It makes it perfectly suitable for framing.
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