A superb and rare photo of the famous BMW R75 “ Wehrmachtsgespann “ sidecar combination being
tested at the Groflen Donbogen testing grounds in Germany. According the spec.
sheet that came with the negative, the image was shot on March 14, 1941. On the photograph
we also see BMW motorcycle designers Alexander
von Falkenhausen and Hans
Sachs.
The BMW R75 performed remarkably well in the harsh operating environment
of the North African campaign. Motorcycles of every style had performed acceptably
well in Europe, but in the desert the protruding cylinders of the flat-twin
engine performed better than configurations which overheated in the sun, and
shaft drives performed better than chain-drives which were damaged by desert
grit. So successful were the BMWs as war-machines that the U.S. Army asked
Harley-Davidson, Indian and Delco to produce a motorcycle similar to the
side-valve BMW R71. Harley copied the BMW
engine and transmission — simply converting metric measurements to inches — and
produced the XA and XS.
The BMW R75
was developed during World War II. BMW were already producing a number of
popular and highly effective motorcycles, and developed the R75 in response to
a request from the German army to make a machine more capable in off-road
conditions. BMW followed the general technics of the Zündapp KS 750
in which the third side-car wheel was driven from
an axle connected to the rear wheel of the motorcycle, effectively making it a
three-wheeled vehicle. Fitted with a locking differential and selectable road
and off-road gear ratios the R75 was highly manoeuvrable and capable of
negotiating most surfaces. It was even fitted with a reverse gear. The BMW and
its rival Zündapp were both widely used by the Wehrmacht in the Eastern Front
and North African Campaign, though after a period of evaluation it became clear
that the Zündapp was the superior machine simply because it was much cheaper to
produce. For instance, the Zundapp featured an inside chain driven gearbox
instead of a cogwheel driven one. The BMW R75 remained in production until
Allied bombing damage to the Eisenach factory
forced production to cease in 1944. A further 98
units were assembled by the Soviets in 1946 as reparations. The BMW R75 is
desirable as a collector's item because of its complex and durable technology.
A well-restored R75 can be still used for everyday purposes, on or off-road
without problems. In 1954 a small number
of modified R75 models were produced at Eisenach (then in
Soviet-controlled East Germany) for testing
under the designation AWO 700, but were not put into full production.
Alexander
Freiherr von Falkenhausen has had a long and distinguished career with
BMW, working on very successful car and motorcycle designs and racing with them
as well. When Alexander von Falkenhausen joined BMW, it was still a licensed
re-marketer of Austin Sevens. By the time of his retirement in 1976, BMW was an
international powerhouse in automotive production, developing cars and
motorcycles that were second to none in the industry. In 1924, at the tender
age of 17, von Falkenhausen rode a DKW motorcycle in his first hillclimb, and
managed to finish in second place, laying the groundwork for a lifelong
interest in both motorcycles and racing. In the coming years, von Falkenhausen
abandoned his schoolwork in favor of a more practical education as a mechanic.
He was eventually offered work as a designer with a small engine company, and
with this experience, he entered Munich's Technical University in 1928,
specializing in automotive and aeronautical engineering. By 1934, von
Falkenhausen had attained his engineering degree. BMW's chief test engineer and
fellow hillclimber, Rudolf Schleicher, was aware of von Falkenhausen's skill as
a motorcycle racer, and contracted him to ride BMWs in off-road racing events.
In 1935, BMW introduced the telescopic front fork, which dramatically changed
how motorcycles handled. The following year, von Falkenhausen added a rear
suspension, further smoothing out the ride and revolutionizing motorcycling. He
took his experimental motorcycle, the BMW R5, and entered the grueling
International Six Day Trials, winning gold medals in 1936 and 1937. By 1938,
von Falkenhausen's rear suspension concept went into the production BMW R51.
From 1938 onward, von Falkenhausen was integral in BMW's motorcycle
development, both in terms of suspension and engine design. During the war
years, von Falkenhausen developed a one-man armored vehicle, and put his
aeronautical experience to use adapting a nine-cylinder radial engine for use
in an experimental tank. Von Falkenhausen said that there was no likelihood the
war would last long enough for them to get the thing finished. In 1946, von
Falkenhausen, driving his own BMW 328, participated in the very first post-war
races in Germany. One victory
and a second place finish caught the eyes of his colleagues. In 1947, he began
building and designing his own cars, at first under his abbreviated name,
"Al-Fa," and then, for obvious reasons, under the name AFM, for
Alexander von Falkenhausen, Munich. He
continued his prowess on race tracks, and in 1948, won the German Sports Car
Championship. After his brief stint as an independent racing car manufacturer,
under the name Alex von Falkenhausen Motorenbau (AFM), von Falkenhausen
returned to BMW in 1954. In addition to
his duties managing the racing division, he took over the technical development
of the road racing motorcycles. He helped design the short-stroke version of
BMW's 500cc flat-twin and a 250cc flat-twin. During these years, he devised and
engineered the forerunner to the BMW Paralever, which has been featured in the
series production since 1987. The original system consisted of two joints for
the driveshaft and a parallelogram support bracket for the rear swing arm. In
the bleak years after World War II, Germans were interested in small, inexpensive
cars. Following his motorcycle success, von Falkenhausen transferred his
knowledge to designing automobiles. By 1957, he was given the job of BMW's
engine development, specifically for the BMW 700 line of small cars, which were
powered by a version of the flat-twin in use in BMW's motorcycles. By 1961,
a high-performance four-cylinder engine, known as
the "New Class," which was influenced by von Falkenhausen, made its
debut in the BMW 1500. In 1964, von
Falkenhausen drove the sports version of the four-door saloon, the BMW 1800
TI/SA, to victory in the Eberbach hillclimb, and won a gold medal in the
Munich-Vienna-Budapest Rally. Success seemed to follow von Falkenhausen and
everything he touched turned to gold. In 1966, that same four-cylinder engine
was now a serious racing engine with four valves per cylinder and two overhead
camshafts. This little two-liter engine set world records at Hockenheim, where
it was put into a Brabham. The driver was none other than von Falkenhausen, who
by then was 59 years old. In 1983, after von Falkenhausen retired, Nelson
Piquet, driving a Brabham BMW BT52, became the first Formula One champion to
use a turbocharged BMW engine. Of that engine, von Falkenhausen commented that
he thought the block was good for 200, even 300hp, but he never thought it
would take 1,000 horsepower. Von Falkenhausen retired in 1976 as BMW's oldest
employee, and died in 1989, at the age of 82.
We have more photos listed on Ebay of BMW and
other brands with various riders. You can always contact us if you have any
requests.
This is your rare chance to
own a non period image that reflects a very interesting piece of BMW’s glorious
history. Therefore it is printed in a nice large format of ca. 8" x
12" (ca. 20 x 30 cm).
Contact us for more BMW and other automotive photos!