Sunflowers (genus Helianthus) are a genus of annual and perennial flowering plants in the daisy family Asteraceae. The best-known species is the common sunflower (H. annuus), which is cultivated for its edible seeds and oil. Sunflowers are native to North America and Central America, but they have been introduced to many other parts of the world.

Sunflowers are known for their large, showy flower heads, which can be up to 12 inches in diameter. The flower head is actually made up of two types of flowers: ray florets and disc florets. The ray florets are the yellow petals that we see around the outside of the flower head. They are sterile, meaning that they cannot produce seeds. The disc florets are located in the middle of the flower head. They are fertile and produce the sunflower seeds.

Sunflowers are heliotropes, meaning that their flower heads track the sun as it moves across the sky. This helps to maximize the amount of sunlight that the plant receives. Sunflowers are also very good at absorbing water from the soil, which is why they can thrive in dry climates.

Sunflowers are a valuable crop plant. Sunflower seeds are a good source of protein, fiber, and vitamins. Sunflower oil is a popular cooking oil because it has a high smoke point and is low in saturated fat. Sunflower oil is also used in the production of biodiesel and cosmetics.

In addition to their economic value, sunflowers are also popular ornamental plants. They are often grown in gardens and fields for their beauty. Sunflowers are also a popular subject for artists and photographers.

Here are some additional sunflower facts:

• Sunflowers can grow up to 16 feet tall.
• The largest sunflower ever recorded was 30 feet tall.
• Sunflowers are the state flower of Kansas.
• Ukraine is the world's largest producer of sunflower seeds.
• Sunflowers are a good source of food for birds and other wildlife.

Sunflowers are a versatile and beautiful plant that has many benefits for both humans and the environment.