The Creation of Animosity challenges some of the
basic assumptions made about society s attitudes
towards homosexuality in the period through an
analysis of four significant trials
Boulton and Park in 1870-71, the Cleveland Street
Scandal in 1889, the trials of Oscar Wilde in 1895
and of Noel Pemberton-Billing in 1918. It also
investigates some of the less-famous
trials and provides an analysis of all male-male sex
crimes recorded between 1870 & 1920. The nature of
the interaction between the law, the media and
society in the formation of new popular beliefs is
the main focus, while there is also a discussion of
the awareness of homosexual self-identity amongst
those individuals processed by the legal system. The
influence of class is investigated as assumptions
made over the class-identities of those involved
allowed for the use of sexual morality as a weapon
of class conflict. Similarly, popular connections
between alternative forms of sexuality and foreign
nations are considered. The piece assesses the
extent to which there was an increase in the level
of hostility towards homosexuality, prioritising the
reasons for that increase.