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Ctesiphon Books

RAMBLES AND STUDIES IN 

BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA
AND DALMATIA

WITH AN ACCOUNT OF
THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE CONGRESS
OF ARCHAEOLOGISTS AND ANTHROPOLOGISTS
HELD IN SARAJEVO, AUGUST 1894

By:
 ROBERT MUNRO
 

EDINBURGH:       1900
 

Publisher/Year: EDINBURGH, William Blackwood and Sons, Second Edition, 1900. Binding: Original Cloth Hardcover, 22x14.5 cm. Pages: 452 Illustrations: 39  Plates of illustrations, 165 illustrations in Text,  4 Maps. жжж    Please see book CONDITION at end    жжж

Robert Munro (1835-1920)

Scottish archaeologist, founded a lectureship in Anthropology and Prehistoric Archaeology at Edinburgh University.

≈≈≈≈≈≈≈≈≈≈

VERY SCARCE

ORIGINAL 1900 EDITION

TRAVEL ACCOUNT TO

BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA

& DALMATIA

Early Book with
Illustrations from Photographs
from 
more about 120 Years Ago

Over 200 Illustrations

From Preface ...

IN the early days of this year I received a communication from the Government of Bosnia-Herzegovina, dated December 31st, 1894, intimating their intention to publish an illustrated brochure, in German and in French, which would give a detailed account of the proceedings of the Congress of anthropologists and archaeologists held at Sarajevo in August of that year. Their object, they stated, was by this means to popularise the scientific results then arrived at. They asked if I had any corrections to make on the report of the proceedings of the Congress which appeared in several numbers of the ` Bosnische Post,' as this was to be the basis of the intended publication ; or any suggestions to offer in regard to the selection of illustrations. They further stated that any supplementary observations the members might wish to make would be incorporated as an appendix, so as to make the work as complete as possible.
I then informed them of my wish to write a popular sketch of my visit to Bosnia-not, however, restricting nlyself to the special object for which the members were called together, but giving glimpses of the scenery and of the social life of the people provided they gave me permission to copy some of the illustrations published in their scientific reports ( Wissenschaftliche llittheilungen aus Bosnien und der Herzegovina). To this the Government replied that they hailed with satisfaction my intention of giving to English readers an account of their country and its arch,-ecological treasures ; and for this purpose they not only granted the permission asked for, but offered to further the work by placing at my disposal any cliclzes, photographs, plans, &c., in their possession, which I might deem necessary.
But, besides the scenic beauties and remarkably interesting archaeological remains in Bosnia-Herzegovina, I came across other discoveries at Salona, Knin, &c., equally interesting and novel ; and so I determined to include a notice of them in my proposed book on Bosnia. I therefore wrote to Professor Bulié, Director of the Museum at Spalato, informing him of my project, and asking a similar favour with regard to the proceedings of the " Primo Congresso degli Archeologi Cristiani," of which Congress I had already become a member. His reply was everything that kindness could dictate, and along with it came a packet of photographs, maps, plans, &c., which covered the entire field of my operations.

Robert Munro
Edinburgh, 25th November, 1895

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Contents ...

Chapter I
TO AND AT SARAJEVO

Introductory remarks - Special object of visiting Sarajevo - From Buda-Pest to Bosna-Brod - Scenery of the valley of the Bosna - Arrival at Sarajevo - "Hotel Europa" -Wall through the town - The bazaars and their frequenters - View of Sarajevo from the Castle-Mohammedan College - Begova-Džamia - The National Museum - Howling dervishes - Konak - Tekija of the seven beheaded dervishes - Trebević

Chapter II
EXCURSION TO JAJCE AND THE LAKES OF THE PLIVA

To Travnik by railway - Smart diligence - A great poplar-tree - A thunderstorm - Dolnji Vakuf - The valley of the Vrbas - A Bogomile gavestone - Arrival at Jajce - The waterfall - The castle - The "catacombs" - The church of St Luke - A Romanesque campanile - Krebse -Scenery of the Pliva - Its lakes - Village of Jezero - Tourist house - Primitive canoes - A trout vendor - Departure from Jajce - A shandrydan - Over the Karaula mountains - Magnificent view - Absence of heather - A primitive turbine mill - A Turkish cafe - Market-day at Travnik - At the railway station.

Chapter III
THE CONGRESS OF ANTHROPOLOGISTS AND ARCHEOLOGISTS
AT SARAJEVO (AUGUST 1894)

Object of Congress - List of members - Reception by the authorities at Sarajevo - Official dinner - The first meeting - Professor Virchow elected President - Visit to the Museum - The relics of a pile-structure in the river Una - Excureion to Butmir - General description of the settlement - The nature of the deposits and the position of the huts - The baths of Ilidže - Entertained at supper by his Excellency Minister von Kallay - Excursion to the prehistoric fort and huts at Sobunar - Sarajevo en fete - Special services in the churches and mosque -Different religions - Visit to Government factories - Excursion to Glasinac - Reception at the Kaserne of Podromanja - Visit to a Burgwall, a Bogomile cemetery, and the cave of Megara - Interior of a cottage - Night at the Kaserne - The tumuli of Rusanovići - Reception by the natives - Professor Virchow and Ivan Dobrača - Dinner al fresco - Kolo dance - Return to Sarajevo - Farewell dinner a la Turque by the Mayor of Sarajevo.

Chapter IV
THE NEOLITHIC STATION OF BUTIMIR

Subjects submitted to the members of Congress for discussion - Nature of controversy in regard to the settlement of Butmir - Publication of the monograph 'Das Neolithische Station von Butmir' - Summary of its contents - Radimsky's theory of the construction of the huts - This theory controverted - Reasons for believing that the settlement was a pile-structure - Discussion as to the age of the settlement.

Chapter V
THE PREHISTORIC CEMETERIES OF GLASINAC AND JEZERINE

A. Glasinac: Discovery that the tumuli contained objects of antiquarian value - Systematic investigations commenced - Distribution of the tumuli in groups - Different modes of interment - Relation between the tumuli and Wallburgen - Structure and distribution of Wallburgen - Anthropological characters of the human remains from the tumuli, and their relation to those of the present inhabitants - Description of the relics - Discussion in Congress.
B. Necropolis of Jezerine: Discovery - Investigation -Summary of its contents - Special relics.

Chapter VI
MOSTAR AND ITS NEIGHBOURHOOD

Homewards - Across the Dinaric Alps - The Prenj mountains - Jablanica - The Narenta defile - Arrival at Mostar - Description of the town - Its so-called Roman bridge - Visit to the source of the Buna - A woman without her veil - The miller of Blagaj and his shepherd son - The water supply of Mostar - Mostarsko-Blato - The valley of the Narenta and its geology - Archaeological jottings.

Chapter VII
FROM MOSTAR TO SPALATO AND SALONA

Departure from llostar-Ali Pasha Rizvanbegović and his tragic fate - Another Narenta defile -A city set on a hill - Narona - Gabella -Metković - The delta of the Narenta - On board steamer - Arrival at Spalato - Situation of Salona - The palace of Diocletian - Ruins of Salona - Museo Archeologico Sadonitano.

Chapter VIII
EARLY CHRISTIAN REMAINS AT SALONA AND KNIN

Preliminary remarks - Three periods in early Christian art - The cemetery of Manastirine and its religious bitildings - Christian martyrs -Diocletian's persecutions - Basilica Christiana Urbana - Remarkable baptistery - The cemetery of Marusinac - Christian symbols found at Salona - The Good Shepherd - The fish - Terracotta lamps - Bishops of Salona - Excursion to Knin - The Kapitul and Biskupija -Interlacements.

Chapter IX
SKETCH OF THE UNWRITTEN RECORDS OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOV1NA

General Remarks: Written records - The substitution of metals for stone in cutting implements - The hiatus between Paleolithic and Neolithic civilisations in Europe.
Summary of the, Unwritten Records: Prehistoric remains at Butmir, at Sobunar, &c. - Bronze hoard at Šumetac - Graves at Sreteš and Čatići - Cemeteries and hill-forts of Glasinac - The Hochebene Rakitno - La Tene objects at Majdan - The necropolis of Jezerine -Vrankamer hoard of coins - Miscellaneous finds.
Story of the Unwritten Records: Method of research - The earliest people of Bosnia - Contemporary with early lake-dwellers of Europe - They enter the country rid the Danube - No characteristic Bronze Age in Bosnia - The Illyrians an early Iron Age people - They belong to the Hallstatt archaeoloaical area - La Tene civilisation a development of that of Hallstatt.

Chapter X
BOSNIA AND HERZEGOV1NA TN HISTORIC TIMES

Ethnolonical deductions from the sepulchral remains in Glasinac and Jezerine - These confirmed by historical records - Celts and Late-Celtic civilisation.
Roman Times: Importance of Roman archaeology - Investigations of Roman remains at Srebrenica, Laktaši, Crkvenica near Doboj, Zenica, Stolac, "Gradac bei Posušje," and in the valley of the Lašva - Minor discoveries -Remarkable spear-head.
The Bogomiles: Bogomile gravestones (Altbosnische Grabsteine) - Their ornamentation, inscriptions, and distribution - Creed of the Bogomiles.
Concluding Remarks

Chapter XI
THE CIVILISATIONS OF HALLSTATT AND LA TÈNE

Importance of the subject. Necropolis of Hallstatt : Analysis of its contents - Celtic-Umbrains and Etruscans in the Po valley - Distribution of  the Hallstatt civilisation. Oppidum La Tène : Description of its excavations and relics - Distribution of La Tène civilisation - The Gundestrup silver vase. General remarks on the two civilsations - Origin of " Late Celtic " art in the British Isles.

INDEX

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Illustrations ...

PLATE ILLUSTRATIONS

1. Vrandnk

2. A Street in the Garsija, Sarajevo

3. View of Sarajevo from the Castle

4. Begova-Dzamia,  Sarajevo

5. View of the IVfiljacka, do

6. The Park, Ilidze

7. Travnik

8. Dolnji Vakuf

9. Valley of Vrbas and °1 Hotel Jajce"

10. The Upper Pliva Lake

11. Jezero

12. Excavations at Butrnir

13. Idols of Butmir

14. Pottery from Butmir

15. Objects from Polada

16. Clay Figurines and other Objects from Lake-Dwellings

17. Konjica

18. Jablanica

19.  The Prenj Mountains

20. Narenta Defile

21. The Old Bridge of Mostar

22. Blagaj and the Ruins of Stjepangrad

23. The Source of the Buna

24. Old Stone Bridge over the Buna

25. Roman Bridge over the Buna

26. Metkovic

27. Spalato

28. Sarcophagus with Good Shepherd, Salona

29. Chalice from Kremsmiinster

30. Ruins of an ancient Smeltina-Furnace, Bosnia

31. Bogmnile Gravestones from RadYnilovic

32. Bogomile Gravestone, " Gyanrsko-Yolje''

33. View of the Hallstatt Cemetery

34. Objects from Hallstatt

35. Stiula from Watsch

36. Details of Ornament on Wastsh Situla

37. Objects from La Tene

38. Do Do

39. Objects of La Tene Types

SKETCH MAPS

Surajevsko-Polje (The Plain of IIidze)

Distribution of Cemeteries and Hill-Forts of Glasinac

Bisccepolje and the District around Mostar and the Buna

 Ruins of Salona

ILLUSTRATIONS IN TEXT

1. Serbian Peasants, Bosnia

2. Well in the Court of Begova-Dzamia, Sarajevo

3. Tekija of the Seven Beheaded Brethren, Sarajevo

4. Jajce and the Falls of the Pliva, Jajce

5. Sculptured Capital, Jajce

6. Heraldic Arms of Duke Hrvoja in " Catacombs, Jajce

7. Uzifinished Arms in "Catacombs", Jajce

8. Ground Plan of " Catacombs", Jajce

9. Section of "Catacombs, Jajce

10. Altar in Crypt of °G Catacombs'', Jajce

11. Catholic Peasant Girl with Tattoo-Mark

12. Sarajevsko-Polje

13. Members of Congress at the Neolithic Station of Butmir, Aug.16, 1894

14. Sobunar, Zlatiste, and Debelobrdo

15. A Native Musician at -Mokro

16. A Cottage at Mokro

17. Megarnhohle, Glasinac

18. Exploring a Tumulus, Glasinac

19. Astonished Natives, Aug. 20, 1894 , Glasinac

20. In Holiday Costume, Glasinac

21. Ivan Dobraca, Glasinac

22. Plan and Sections of the Prehistoric Station of Butmir

23. Flint and other Objects from Butmir

24. A Globular Weight of Burnt Clay, Butmir

25. Section of Relic-Bed, showing stratification, Butmir

26. Bronze tiVagbon, 6 inches high, Glasinac

27. Iron Swords and Knives, Glasinac

28. Iron Spear and Celts, Glasinac

29. Iron Spear and Handle of Clasp-Knife

30. A Mounted Hone, Glasinac

31. An Earthenware Jug, Glasinac

32. Bronze Cup and Percolator and Skyphos , Glasinac

33. Bronze Basin and Cup, Glasinac

34. Iron Weapons and Bronze Arrow-Head , Glasinac

35. Fragment of a Bronze Lance, Glasinac

36. Bronze Helmet , Glasinac

37. Bronze Vessel found on Head of a Skeleton, Glasinac

38. Shield Ornament of Bronze, Glasinac

39. Bronze Greave, Glasinac

40. A pair of Bronze Greaves, Glasinac

41. A Bronze Girdle , Glasinac

42. A Bronze Fibula (with peculiar foot), Glasinac

43. Spectacle Fibula , Glasinac

44. Bronze Phtte of Disc-Fibula, Glasinac

45. Bronze Fibulw with two Twists, Glasinac

46. Bronze Fibulx with one Twist, Glasinac

47. Roman Fibula, Glasinac

48. Bronze Pendants engraved, Glasinac

49. Disc Ornament.,; of Bronze, Glasinac

50. Bronze Clasp or Hook , Glasinac

51. Two Spiral Bracelets, Glasinac

52. Spiral Bracelet, Glasinac

53. Bronze Bracelet with Secondary Spiral Coils, Glasinac

54. Group of Bronze Pins, Glasinac

55. Group of various Bronze Objects, Glasinac

56.  Bronze Pendants , Glasinac

57. Bronze Ornament, Glasinac

58. Bronze Ornament, remarkable form Glasinac

59. Bronze Necklet, Glasinac

60. Roman Fibula and three Bracelets (Bronze) . Jezerine

61. Fibula with Amber Body and an Amber Bead. Jezerine

62. Bronze Fibula, early La Tene type . Jezerine

63. 63. Bronze Fibula with Amber Beads and Bronze Pendants . Jezerine

64. Bronze Fibula. Jezerine

65. Bronze Fibula . Jezerine

66. Bronze Fibula with Animal Heads . Jezerine

67. Pre-Roman Gravestone (ornamented). Jezerine

68. Roman Sarcophagus . . . . near Mostar

69. Plan of a Prehistorico-Romano Fort, near Mostar

70. Pottery with wavy Ornamentation from Grave, near Mostar

71. Fibula with two Pins from Roman Grave, near Mostar

72. Iron Knife and Iron Lance from Roman Grave, near Mostar

73. Iron Sickle from Roman Grave, near Mostar

74. Old Roman Bridge, near Mostar

75. Plan and Section of the Prehistoric Fort, Obrac, near Mostar

76. Plan of Fortification on Kicin, near Mostar

77. Fragments of hand-made Pottery, do, near Mostar

78. Fragments of hand-made Pottery, do, near Mostar

79. Fragments of wheel-made Pottery, do, near Mostar

80. Stone Chair at Kosor , near Mostar

81. Plan and Section of the Prehistoric Fort, Kriz , near Mostar

82. Gold Ear-Ring found in Sarcophagus at Han Potoci, near Mostar

83. Portion of Necklet of Garnets and Gold Fili,,ree found in do. do, near Mostar

84. Fibula of Gilt Silver, do. do, near Mostar

85. Silver Bulla, do. do, near Mostar

86. Plan of Diocletian's Palace, Spalato

87. Peristyle of Diocletian's Palace, Spalato

88. Door of Capella Palathaa , Spalato

89. Sphinx in front of the Mausoleum, Spalato

90. North Gate of the Palace (Porta Aurea), Spalato

91. The Cathedral (Mausoleum) and Campanile, Spalato

92. Ruins of the Aqueduct to the Palace, Spalato

93. Sarcophagus (Hippolytus and Phvedra), Salona

94. View of the Cemetery of Manastirine, Salona

95. Plan of the Cemetery of Manastirine, Salona

96. Ground Plan of Baptistery, Salona

97. Mosaic Work in Baptistery, Salona

98. Fragment of Sarcophagus (Museum of Spalato), Salona

99. Another Fragment (Museum of Spalato), Salona

100. Stone (38½ inches high), with a Medallion Figure in centre of monogram, and Good Shepherd on left corner (preserved in a private garden at Spalato), Salona

101. Terra-cotta Lamps with Christian Symbols, Salona

102. Do. d o, Salona

103. Do. with Chi-Rho Monogram, Salona

104. Do. with three Crosses and Orante, Salona

105. Lamp with Handle in the form of a Cross, Salona

106. A Bronze Ring and a Silver Statuette, Salona

107. Sculptured Stone from Kapitul, Knin

108. Two Sculptured Stones from Kapittd, Knin

109. Fragment., of Interlaced Work from Biskvpaija, Knin

110. Sculptured Stone in the Churchyard of St Madoes (5½ feet high)

111. Sculptured Stone from Glenlnce (5½ feet high)

112. Two Stone Panels of the Font in Baptistery, Spalato

113. Do. Do. , Spalato

114. One of the Arches of a Baldachin in the Church of St Apollinare in Classe, Ravenna

115. Cross in the North Wall of the Church of St Mark, Venice

116. Sculptured Cross now in the Church of St Petronio, Bologna (formerly at the corner of a cross-road)

117. Part of the Decoration on a Stone Monument in the Museo Civico, Murano

118. End of a Sarcophagus in the Church of St Apollinare in Classe, Ravenna

119. A Pozzo in an open court (uncc Co~te ai ZJirri) in the town of Venice

120. Bronze Objects from Sobunar

121. Bronze Sickles (part of a board from Sumetac)

122. Perforated Stone Hammer, near Doboj

123. Bronze Spear-Head do

124. Plan of a Roman Building at Zenica

125. Roman -Mosaic Work, Stolac

126. Objects from Gradac, Herzegovina

127. Iron Implements from Pnticevo

128. Ground Plan of the Basilica of Varonuk

129. Bronze Socketed Celts, Grabovo

130. Iron Spear-Head, Hatelj, Herzebovina

131. Various Architectural Designs on Gravestones

132. Decorated and inscribed Gravestone, Boljnni

133. Stag-Hunt with Dog and Falcon, Herzegovina

134. Kolo Dance, Nekuk, near Stolac

135. Conventional Kolo Dance

136. Attempts at Portrait Figures on Gravestones near Stolac and Boljtmi

137. Pillar in Gyanrsko-Polje

138. Gravestones from the Cemetery of Milavidi

139. View of the Bogomile Cemeterv of Staro-selo

140. Side and end view of a Gravestone, do

141. Section of Sepulchral Moriument, do

142. Inscribed Gravestone, . . do

143. Bogomile Cemetery, Crkvina, Glasinac

144. do. do. (Archaeologists among the Tombs, Aug. 19, 1894)

145. Weapons of Bronze and Iron from Halstatt

146. Bronze Vase

147. Bronze Vase

148. Bronze Vase

149. Bronze Vase

150. Ornamented Cover of a Situla

151. Bronze Sword Sheath from Hallstatt

152. Gridle-Band from Watsch

153. Gridle-Band from Benacci, Bologna

154. Upper part of an Iron Sword-Sheath from La Tene

155. Iron Sword-Sheaths

156. Iron Sword-Sheaths

157. Iron Fibulae

158. Bronze Fibula and Torque from a Gaulish Cemetery

159. Bronze Fibula and Torque from a Gaulish Cemetery

160. Bronze Gridle

161. Bronze Ring, Denmark

162. Portions of a Bronze Caldron

163. Portions of a Bronze Caldron

164. View of Gundestrup Silver Vase, restored

165. One of the Ornamented Plates of do

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Condition ...

Edges rubbed, corners slightly bumped, owner's name on title page and small book-plate inside cover, browning to end-papers, otherwise book in very good condition, scarce over 120 years old work.