DESCRIPTION : This ORIGINAL and VINTAGE Jewish - Judaica - Hebrew - Israel EX LIBRIS - BOOK PLATE was DESIGNED in ca 1930's - 1940's in ERETZ ISRAEL - PALESTINE by the TECHNION ( Israeli Jewish Technicum Institution in HAIFA ) to honor the world acclaimed JEWISH ARCHITECT of German descent ALEXANDER ( Alex ) BAERWALD to accompany his books which were donated by his widow to the Institution library. Exquisite GRAPHIC DESIGN. Around 5.5 x 4 ".  Excellent pristine condition. ( Pls look at scan for accurate AS IS images ) Will be sent in a special protective rigid sealed packaging.

AUTHENTICITY : This EXLIBRIS - BOOKPLATE is fully guaranteed ORIGINAL from Ca 1940's - 1930's , NOT a reproduction or a recent reprint , It holds a life long GUARANTEE for its AUTHENTICITY and ORIGINALITY.

PAYMENTS : Payment method accepted : Paypal & All credit cards.

SHIPPMENT : Shipp worldwide via registered airmail is $ 19 . Will be sent in a special protective rigid sealed packaging. Handling around 5-10 days after payment.

Alexander Baerwald (1877–1930) was a German Jewish architect best known for his work in Haifa, today in Israel, during Late Ottoman and British rule. Life and career[edit] Baerwald was born in Berlin, Germany on 3 March 1877. He studied at the Technical University of Berlin ("Technische Hochschule Charlottenburg", 1897-1901), interrupted by the summer semester 1898 at the Technische Hochschule of Munich. From 1903 to 1927 he was employed with the Prussian Construction and Financial Direction of Berlin, responsible for public constructions in Berlin. He advanced to become a Royal Ministerial Construction Councillor (German: Königlicher Ministerialbaurat). One of his tasks was the construction management for the new building of the Prussian Royal Library (German: Königliche Bibliothek) in Berlin between 1908 and 1913. The building known for its Neo-Baroque architecture, following a design of the popular Wilhelmine architect de:Ernst von Ihne and adapted by Baerwald, is now the House I of the State Library at Berlin of Prussian Cultural Heritage (German: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz), at Unter den Linden street. His work in the German capital continued with the design of several other buildings in the early 1910s, including his own villa in Berlin-Dahlem (1912). Around 1912, Baerwald moved temporarily to Ottoman Palestine, where he began work in Haifa. Baerwald is best known for designing the Technion University campus in Haifa between 1912 and 1924, for which he had been employed by the de:Hilfsverein der deutschen Juden (lit. "German-Jewish Relief Association"). He also designed the neighbouring Beit Sefer haReali (German: Realgymnasium), a school preparing students for the Technion. Today the old Technion building forms part of the Israel National Museum of Science, Technology, and Space. He became a Professor of Architecture at the Technion throughout much of his later life and he made a significant contribution to the Prussian-style discipline in the country's higher education institutions[dubious – discuss]. In 1915 he built the moshav of Merchavya after his own designs.[dubious – discuss] In 1924 he designed the Anglo-Palestine Bank department in Haifa, now operating as Bank Leumi le-Israel. He also designed numerous other buildings in Palestine, and by 1925 Baerwald had settled there permanently. In Palestine Baerwald was acclaimed for introducing German-style architecture for institutions of higher education. Baerwald also designed the Central Hospital in Afula (1928), and the Philips House in Haifa (1929–30), his last built project. Alexander Baerwald died on 27 October 1930 in Haifa. He was buried at the Jewish cemetery on the Mount of Olives in Jerusalem.***** The Technion – Israel Institute of Technology (Hebrew: הטכניון – מכון טכנולוגי לישראל‎ Ha-Tekhniyon – Makhon Tekhnologi Lisrael) is a public research university in Haifa, Israel. Established in 1912 under the dominion of the Ottoman Empire (and more than 35 years before the establishment of State of Israel), the Technion is the oldest university in the country.[8] The Technion is ranked as the top university in both Israel and the Middle East, and in the top 100 universities in the world in the Academic Ranking of World Universities of 2019.[9] The university offers degrees in science and engineering, and related fields such as architecture, medicine, industrial management, and education. It has 19 academic departments, 60 research centers, and 12 affiliated teaching hospitals.[10] Since its founding, it has awarded more than 100,000 degrees[11] and its graduates are cited for providing the skills and education behind the creation and protection of the State of Israel.[12][13] Technion's 565 faculty members currently include three Nobel Laureates in chemistry. Four Nobel Laureates have been associated with the university. The current president of the Technion is Uri Sivan.[14] The Technion has played a major role in the history of modern Israel. The selection of Hebrew as the language of instruction, defeating German in the War of the Languages, was an important milestone in Hebrew's consolidation as Israel's official language.[15] The Technion is also a major factor behind the growth of Israel's high-tech industry and innovation, including the country's technical cluster in Silicon Wadi.[16][17] Contents 1 History 2 Campuses 2.1 Haifa 2.2 Tel Aviv 2.3 Cornell Tech 2.4 Guangdong Technion Israel Institute of Technology 3 Faculty 3.1 Aerospace Engineering 3.2 Architecture and Town Planning 3.3 Biology 3.4 Biomedical Engineering 3.5 Biotechnology and Food Engineering 3.6 Civil and Environmental Engineering 3.7 Chemical Engineering 3.8 Chemistry 3.9 Computer Science 3.10 Education in Technology and Science 3.11 Electrical Engineering 3.12 Humanities and Arts 3.12.1 The Technion Theater 3.13 Industrial Engineering and Management 3.14 Materials Science and Engineering 3.15 Mathematics 3.16 Mechanical Engineering 3.17 Medicine 3.18 Physics 4 Multidisciplinary centers 4.1 Nanotechnology and science 4.2 Energy research 4.3 Space research 5 Technology transfer 6 Technion international 7 Outreach programs 8 Technion in the Israeli society 9 Rankings 10 Research highlights 11 The Technion Library System 12 Demographics 13 Nobel Laureates and notable people 13.1 Nobel Laureates 13.2 Select faculty 13.3 Notable alumni 14 Partnerships 15 See also 16 References 17 External links History[edit] Main article: History of the Technion – Israel Institute of Technology Albert Einstein at Technion; 11 February 1923 The Technikum was conceived in the early 1900s by the German-Jewish fund Ezrah as a school of engineering and sciences. It was to be the only institution of higher learning in the then Ottoman Palestine, other than the Bezalel Academy of Art and Design in Jerusalem (founded in 1907). In October 1913, the board of trustees selected German as the language of instruction, provoking a major controversy known as the War of the Languages. After opposition from American and Russian Jews to the use of German, the board of trustees reversed itself in February 1914 and selected Hebrew as the language of instruction. The German name Technikum was also replaced by the Hebrew name Technion.[8][18] Technion's cornerstone was laid in 1912, and studies began 12 years later in 1924.[18] In 1923 Albert Einstein visited and planted the now-famous first palm tree, as an initiative of Nobel tradition. The first palm tree still stands today in front of the old Technion building, which is now the MadaTech museum, in the Hadar neighborhood. Einstein founded the first Technion Society, and served as its president upon his return to Germany. In 1924, Arthur Blok became the Technion's first president.[19] Campuses[edit] Churchill Auditorium The Obelisk, stainless-steel structure 28 meters tall, is a kinetic sculpture Haifa[edit] Technion City generally refers to the 1.2-square-kilometer site located on the pine-covered north-eastern slopes of Mount Carmel. The campus comprises 100 buildings, occupied by thousands of people every day. The Technion has two additional campuses. Its original building in midtown Haifa, in use by the Technion until the mid-1980s, now houses the Israel National Museum of Science, Technology and Space. The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine is located in the neighborhood of Bat Galim, adjacent to Rambam Hospital, the largest medical center in Northern Israel. Recreational activities on the main campus include an Olympic-size swimming pool as well as gymnastics, squash, and tennis facilities.[20] The Technion Symphony Orchestra and Choir are composed mainly of Technion students and staff. Each term, the Orchestra offers a series of daytime and evening concerts. Films and live performances by leading Israeli artists take place on campus on a regular basis. Tel Aviv[edit] Technion's Division of Continuing Education and External Studies has been operating in the Tel Aviv area since 1958. In July 2013, the Technion moved to a new campus in Sarona. The Technion satellite campus in Sarona includes three buildings in a 1,800 sq. meter area, with a total of 16 modern classrooms.[21] Among the programs that study at Sarona are the Technion's International MBA program, which includes students from around the world and guest lecturers from universities such as London Business School, Columbia University, and INSEAD.[22] Cornell Tech[edit] Main article: Cornell Tech On 19 December 2011, a bid by a consortium of Cornell University and Technion won a competition to establish a new high-tier applied science and engineering institution in New York City. The competition was established by New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg in order to increase entrepreneurship and job growth in the city's technology sector. The winning bid consisted of a 2,100,000 square feet (200,000 m2) state-of-the-art tech campus being built on Roosevelt Island, which will have its first phase completed by 2017, with a temporary off-site campus opening in 2013 at the Google New York City headquarters building at 111 Eighth Avenue.[23][24] The new 'School of Genius' in New York City has been named the Jacobs Technion-Cornell Institute.[25] Its Founding Director was Craig Gotsman, Technion's Hewlett-Packard Professor of Computer Engineering. In 2015, AOL has announced an investment of $5 million in a video research project at the institute.[26] Positive media coverage abounds,[27] as well as some small scale protests from the margins of political and environmental activism.[28] Guangdong Technion Israel Institute of Technology[edit] Main article: Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology In September 2013 the Li Ka Shing Foundation and the Technion announced they would be joining forces to create a new institute for technology at Shantou University, Guangdong province, south-eastern China. The Li Ka Shing Foundation pledged a grant of US$130 million for the creation of the institute. The degrees taught, including Bachelors, Masters and Doctorates, will be accredited by the Technion. The total construction costs are $147 million. English will be GTIIT's language of instruction. GTIIT will comprise three units: the College of Engineering; the College of Science; and the College of Life Science. The goal is to have about 5,000 students eventually. The institute will eventually grant Technion engineering degrees at all levels - Bachelor, Masters and PhD. Initially the courses offered are Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Materials Engineering.[29] By 2020 the institute will start teaching other disciplines from Mechanics to Aerospace Engineering.[30][31][32] Faculty[edit] Aerospace Engineering[edit] Aerospace Faculty (Technion) Founded in 1954, the Faculty of Aerospace Engineering conducts research and education in a wide range of aerospace disciplines. The Aerospace Research Center also consists of the Aerodynamics (wind tunnels) Laboratory, the Aerospace Structures Laboratory, the Combustion and Rocket Propulsion Laboratory, the Turbo and Jet Engine Laboratory, the Flight Control Laboratory and the Design for Manufacturing Laboratory. Architecture and Town Planning[edit] The Technion Faculty of Architecture[33] awards BArch degrees awarded after five years of study.[34] Its graduate program in architecture accepts about 15 students each year, and it accepts about 4–5 doctoral students, focusing on subjects such as architectural theory and philosophy, bio-climate and energy conscious design, morphology, computer application, person-environment relations, housing, architectural history, and urban design.[34] Biology[edit] The Faculty of Biology[35] was established in 1971. Advanced research is carried out in 23 research groups, focusing on a variety of aspects of cellular, molecular and developmental biology. The faculty has extensive collaborations with the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries. The Faculty has around 350 undergraduate students and over 100 graduate students.[36] Biomedical Engineering[edit] Established in 1968, the Faculty of Biomedical Engineering[37] has a multidisciplinary scope nurturing research activities that blend medical and biological engineering. Research projects have resulted in the development of patented medical aids. Recent research breakthroughs include the identification of a structured neurological code for syllables and could let paraplegics "speak" virtually through the connection of the brain to a computer.[38] Biotechnology and Food Engineering[edit] Unique in Israel, the Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering[39] offers a blend of courses in engineering, life and natural sciences as well as joint degree programs with the Faculties of Biology and Chemistry. The Faculty houses biotechnology laboratories, as well as a large food processing pilot plant and a packaging laboratory. It currently has 350 undergraduates and more than 120 graduate students. Civil and Environmental Engineering[edit] Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Technion In 2002, two of the original Technion Faculties – Civil and Agricultural engineering, were merged to create the Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering.[40] Its state vision is to "maintain and enhance the leading position of the Faculty of Civil & Environmental Engineering amongst the top departments in the world... and to position the Faculty as the national center for research & development and human resources for the sustainable development."[41] The Faculty is the home of Technion's expanding International School of Engineering. Chemical Engineering[edit] The Wolfson Faculty of Chemical Engineering[42] is Israel's oldest and largest faculty in the field, educating the vast majority of chemical engineers in Israel's chemical industries.[36] Research activities include materials, complex fluids, processing, transport and surface phenomena and process control. Chemistry[edit] The Schulich Faculty of Chemistry[43] offers a variety of joint programs, including with materials engineering, chemical engineering, physics, and food engineering. It also offers a joint degree with the Faculty of Biology leading to a degree in molecular biochemistry. Around 100 research projects at the faculty are sponsored by industry and national and international foundations. It also offers a variety of outreach and youth programs.[44] Computer Science[edit] Computer Science Faculty Building Founded in 1969, this is one of the largest Technion faculties, with over 1,000 undergraduate students and 200 graduate students. The Faculty of Computer Science[45] was ranked 15th among 500 universities in computer sciences for 2011 and 18th of 500 since 2012.[46] The Faculty is located in the Taub Family Science and Technology Center, following the support of the philanthropist Henry Taub. Education in Technology and Science[edit] Founded in 1965, the Department of Education in Technology & Science[47] became a faculty in 2015. The faculty trains undergraduates in the most advanced methods of teaching science and technology in schools. The faculty is home to a research and development center in the field. It has over 100 graduate students and 350 undergraduate students including second career engineers and scientists who elect to study toward STEM educator career. Electrical Engineering[edit] View towards the Electrical and Electronics Engineering Building from Obelisk The Faculty of Electrical Engineering claims to be the major source of engineers who lead the development of advanced Israeli technology in the fields of electronics, computers and communications. Some 2000 undergraduate students study in the department for a BSc degree in electrical engineering / computer engineering / computer and software engineering, and 400 graduate students study for the degrees of MSc and PhD. The department has extensive relations with industry as well as academic and industrial special liaison support programs.[48] Humanities and Arts[edit] The Department of Humanities and Arts[49] serves all the Technion community, offering courses taught by renowned visiting and adjunct scholars including philosophy of science, social and political sciences, linguistics, psychology, law and anthropology and an array of theoretical and performing arts courses. The Technion Theater[edit] The Technion Theater was established in 1986, by Professor Ouriel Zohar. The theater teaches 8 courses, and it has about 150 students per semester. The theater presented 52 performances in different styles, some by Hanoch Levin, Yehoshua Sobol, Moliere, Shakespeare, Pierre de Marivaux, Henrik Ibsen and Bernard Shaw, Sławomir Mrożek among others. The theater also presented plays written by the director and the actors. The theater is invited to many festivals in Europe universities. Director Scandar Copti received Ophir Award in 2010, played in "End End" directed by Zohar, which was presented in Jerusalem festival in 2001. Shlomo Plessner participated in collective plays "soft mattress" and "Mix Marriage" 1986–1987. The play "Transparent Chains" by Sheli Baliti from the Faculty of Chemical Engineering performed at Bratislava in 2006, Granada, Haifa Cinematheque, Neve Yosef Festival and the Theatre Department at the University of Haifa in 2007. The play An Enemy of the People by Ibsen, the main actor Rooney Navon, Professor at the Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, received honorable nomination at Benevento in Italy in 2009, and also in Isfia near Haifa. The Show "invisible clothes" written and directed by Ouriel Zohar presented at The International Theater Festival in Saint Petersburg State University in 2012. Industrial Engineering and Management[edit] Faculty of Industrial Engineering & Management The William Davidson Faculty of Industrial Engineering & Management (IE&M) is the oldest such department in Israel. IE&M was launched as a Technion academic Department in 1958. The Department grew under the leadership of Pinchas Naor, who served as its founding Dean. Naor's vision was to combine Industrial engineering with Management by creating a large, inherently multidisciplinary unit covering a wide spectrum of activities such as applied engineering, mathematical modeling, economics, behavioral sciences, operations research, and statistics.[50] Materials Science and Engineering[edit] Home to Nobel Laureate in Chemistry Distinguished Prof. Dan Shechtman, the Faculty of Materials Engineering[51] is Israel's major study center in materials science. The Faculty houses the Electron Microscopy Center,[52] the X-Ray Diffraction Laboratory,[53] the Atomic force microscopy Laboratory[54] and the Physical and Mechanical Measurements lab.[55] Mathematics[edit] Faculty of Mathematics The Faculty of Mathematics[56] houses both pure and applied mathematics, and was home to the mathematician Paul Erdős. Founded in 1950, it has around 46 faculty members, 200 undergraduate students and 100 graduate students. It provides instruction for students in all other Technion faculties and organizes mathematics competition for gifted high school students and a summer camp in number theory. Mechanical Engineering[edit] Founded in 1948, the Technion Faculty of Mechanical Engineering[57] has over 830 students and 215 graduate students. Research is conducted in the faculty's 36 laboratories across the whole spectrum of mechanical engineering, from nano-scale fields through to applied engineering of national projects.[58] Medicine[edit] Technion Faculty of Medicine The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine[59] is home to two Nobel Laureates: Avram Hershko and Aaron Ciechanover. It is one of four state-sponsored medical schools in Israel. It was founded in 1979 through the philanthropy of Bruce Rappaport and is active in basic science research and pre-clinical medical training in anatomy, biochemistry, biophysics, immunology, microbiology, physiology, and pharmacology.[60] Other facilities on the Faculty of Medicine campus include teaching laboratories, a medical library, lecture halls, and seminar rooms. Academic programs lead to Master of Science (M.S.), Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), and Doctor of Medicine (M.D.) degrees. It also offers medical training leading to a M.D. degree to qualified American and Canadian graduates of pre-med programs under the Technion American Medical School Program (TeAMS).[61] The school has developed collaborative research and medical education programs with various institutions in medicine and bio-medical engineering including Harvard University, New York University,[62] Johns Hopkins University, University of Toronto, University of California, Santa Cruz and Mayo Medical School. Physics[edit] The Faculty of Physics[63] engages in experimental and theoretical research in the fields of astrophysics, high energy physics, solid state physics and biophysics. Founded in 1960, it includes the Einstein Institute of Physics, the Lidow Physics Complex, The Rosen Solid State Building and the Werksman Physics Building. Multidisciplinary centers[edit] Nanotechnology and science[edit] The Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute (RBNI) was established in January 2005 as a joint endeavour of the Russell Berrie Foundation, the government of Israel, and the Technion. It is one of the largest academic programs in Israel, and is among the largest nanotechnology centers in Europe and the US. RBNI has over 110 faculty members, and approximately 300 graduate students and postdoctoral fellows under its auspices at Technion. Its multidisciplinary activities span 14 different faculties. Energy research[edit] The GTEP Nancy and Stephen Grand Technion Energy Program is a multidisciplinary center of excellence bringing together Technion's top researchers in energy science and technology from over nine different faculties.[64] Founded in 2007, GTEP's 4-point strategy targets research and development of alternative fuels; renewable energy sources; energy storage and conversion; and energy conservation. The GTEP is presently the only center in Israel offering graduate studies in energy science and technology. Space research[edit] The Norman and Helen Asher Space Research Institute (ASRI) is a specialized institute dedicated to multidisciplinary scientific research. Established in 1984, its members come from five Technion faculties, and it has a technical staff of Technion scientists in a variety of space-related fields: (Physics,[63] Aerospace Engineering,[65] Mechanical Engineering,[57] Electrical Engineering,[66] Autonomous Systems,[67] and Computer Sciences).[68] Technology transfer[edit] Technion has an impressive record in technology transfer. Its dedicated office to bridge the transition of scientific and technological discovery to successfully commercialized innovation has been active since 2007 as T3 – Technion Technology Transfer. As of 2011, 424 patents were granted to Technion innovations, with 845 patents pending. T3's partners include incubators, entrepreneurs, private investors, VCs and angel groups. It has strategic partnerships with Microsoft, IBM, Intel, Philips, Johnson & Johnson, Coca-Cola, among others. Technion international[edit] The Technion International[69] (TI) is a department in the Technion, offering courses taught entirely in English. The TI began its first year in 2009, and now offers a full BSc in Civil Engineering, BSc in Mechanical Engineering as well as various study abroad options, all taught in English. Student come from all over the globe – Asia, Africa, North and South America, Europe and Israel. They live on campus and enjoy trips around Israel and activities throughout the year. Outreach programs[edit] Technion offers after-school and summer enrichment courses for young people on subjects ranging from introductory electronics and computer programming to aerospace, architecture, biology, chemistry and physics. Two examples are Scitech[70] and the Math Summer Camp, devoted to number theory.[71] Technion recently set up and orchestrated the Israeli chapter of Engineers Without Borders,[72] which among other projects, installed a network of biogas systems in rural Nepal providing sustainable energy and improved sanitation.[73] Technion in the Israeli society[edit] The Technion takes an active role in empowering students from unrepresented groups in the Israeli society, such as ultra orthodox Jew and Arabs, by giving dedicated scholarships, social programs, and additional financial support. Moreover, the Technion is one of the main sponsors for the Israeli league of FIRST robotics competition which became a formal project of the Technion since 2013.[74][circular reference] Rankings[edit] The technion ecological garden In 2019, the Shanghai Academic Ranking rated the Technion as 85th in its list of the top 100 universities in the world.[75] In 2012, the magazine Business Insider ranked Technion among the top 25 engineering schools in the world.[76][77] In 2012, the Center for World University Rankings ranked Technion 51st in the world and third in Israel in its CWUR World University Rankings.[78] For national rankings in 2011, Technion was ranked the No. 2 of universities in Israel by ARWU. In global rankings for that year, Technion was ranked #102–150 by ARWU, No. 220 by QS.[79] It was ranked #401–500 by Times Higher Education World University Rankings in 2020.[80] In 2013, the Technion was the only school outside of the United States to make it into the top 10 on a new Bloomberg Rankings list of schools whose graduates are CEOs of top U.S. tech companies.[81] Research highlights[edit] Chemical structure of Rasagline In 1982, Dan Shechtman discovered a Quasicrystal structure. This is a structure with a Symmetry in the order of 5 – a phenomenon considered impossible until then by the then-current prevailing theories of Crystallography. In 2011 he won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for this discovery. In 2004, two Technion professors, Avram Hershko and Aaron Ciechanover, won the Nobel Prize for the discovery of the biological system responsible for disassembling protein in the cell. Shulamit Levenberg, 37, was chosen by Scientific American magazine as one of the leading scientists in 2006 for the discovery of a method to transplant skin in a way the body does not reject.[82] Moussa B.H. Youdim developed Rasagiline, a drug marketed by Teva Pharmaceuticals as Azilect (TM) for the treatment of neurodegenerative disease, especially Parkinson's disease. In 1998, Technion successfully launched the "Gurwin TechSat II" microsatellite, making Technion one of five universities with a student program that designs, builds, and launches its own satellite. The satellite stayed in orbit until 2010[83] In the 1970s, computer scientists Abraham Lempel and Jacob Ziv developed the Lempel-Ziv-Welch algorithm for data compression. In 1995 and 2007 they won an IEEE Richard W. Hamming Medal for pioneering work in data compression and especially for developing the algorithm. In 2019, a team of 12 students won a gold medal at iGEM for developing bee-free honey[84] The Technion Library System[edit] Main article: Elyachar Central Library A frontal view of Elyachar Central Library The Technion library system is made of the Elyachar Central Library and research libraries that are located in the faculty buildings. The Central Library determines professional policies and guidelines and provides services for all the Technion libraries, including the library operating systems, the libraries' web portal, acquisitions, cataloging, classification, and interlibrary loans. The faculty research libraries' aim is to focus on the information needs of their students and academic staff. The libraries are transforming from traditional academic libraries to learning commons. The transition includes an ongoing process of evaluation of the libraries' collections with the aim of identifying items in high demand and use to keep, valuable items to preserve, items in nominal use to archive in the Central Library, rare and precious items to preserve in the historical archive of the Technion, at the Central Library, and items to withdraw, according to professional criteria. ****  Alexander Baerwald Born 1877-03-03 Berlin, DE Died 1930-10-27 Jerusalem, IL (formerly Palestine) Occupation Architect Projects 9 1928_AlBa_32.805-35.000 4 1926_AlBa_32.804-35.000 Education 1897-1901. Charlottenburg Technical University, Berlin, DE 1898. Royal Technical University of Munich, Munich, DE Bio Alexander Baerwald came from a family of assimilated Jewish merchants in Berlin. Born there in 1877, he studied at the Charlottenburg Technical University (today the Technical University of Berlin) from 1897 to 1901. During the summer semester of 1898, he was at the Royal Technical University of Munich. From 1903, he worked for the Prussian Construction and Finance Directorate of Berlin until taking a leave of absence in 1927. There, he worked first as a government building director, then as a government architect and government and building councilor, the latter under the official title »Royal Ministerialbaurat«. During this time he took over, among other things, construction management of the new Royal State Library in Berlin Mitte, the current state library of Berlin. Baerwald did not initially go to Palestine to settle there. In 1909, during his time in the German civil service, he was tasked with building the Technikum (or Technion), a technical education institute in Haifa, for the local Hilfsverein der Deutschen Juden. Baerwald designed an impressive building that combined the historicist architecture of Berlin’s Wilhelminian style with an oriental stylistic language. Today, the building remains a commanding presence in the center of Hadar HaKarmel, a district that emerged in 1914, after construction on the Technion had begun, and grew significantly in the 1930s. In 1925, with the opening of the Technion, Alexander Baerwald and his family settled permanently in the British Mandate of Palestine and founded the Technion’s Faculty of Architecture, where he taught until his death in 1930. Throughout his life, Baerwald cultivated a critical perspective on the international style, rather viewing his buildings as a »combination of oriental architecture with the achievements of German technology«. ****** Dr. Alexander Baerwald (Berlin 1878 – Jerusalem 1930) Haifa Arts Foundation helped MadaTech Museum with the production of the catalog for the architecture exhibition displaying the buildings designed by Dr. Alexander Baerwald, one of the greatest architects in Israel. Born into an assimilated Jewish family, Baerwald studied architecture in Berlin. In 1909, he was invited to plan the Technion building in Hadar HaCarmel. Baerwald laid the foundations for a new building style in Israel, a style that attempted to blend harmoniously the Western-European style and the Middle Eastern one, emphasizing the need for the integration of the architectural concept with local nature and landscape. He designed buildings made from local stone characterized in domes, arches and other Oriental motifs. The buildings considered the peak of his work are the Reali School in Hadar HaCarmel and the adjacent Technion building (currently MadaTech - National Museum of Science, Technology and Space), which inspired a generation of architects. In 1925, He established and directed the Faculty of Architecture at the Technion. In Haifa, Baerwald also planned the Anglo-Palestine Bank, Herman Struck House and others. He continued to design public buildings in Israel, such as HaEmek Hospital in Afula, AFK Bank in Jaffa Street and others. ****  BAERWALD, ALEX BAERWALD, ALEX (1878–1930), one of the first Jewish architects in Ereẓ Israel. He was born in Berlin, and studied architecture at Charlottenburg. In 1910, he was invited by the Hilfsverein to plan the Technion buildings and the Reali school in Haifa. In these buildings, Baerwald tried to create a Jewish style of architecture, based on Muslim architecture. Baerwald settled in Palestine in 1925, when he was appointed a lecturer at the Technion (which had been opened in 1924), and founded its Faculty of Architecture. He built many buildings in Haifa, Tel Aviv, and elsewhere in Palestine, in the same style that he developed in the Technion buildings (Bet Struck, the Anglo-Palestine Bank in Haifa). In spite of the quality of these buildings and their high architectural standard their influence on the development of architecture in Jewish Palestine was very limited. Baerwald himself designed a number of buildings in the contemporary modern European style. These include the Central Jezreel Valley Hospital and the Electricity Company's power stations at Haifa and Tiberias. He also planned two buildings in kibbutz Merḥavyah, combining rural European architecture with Middle Eastern motifs. **** The purpose of this thesis has been to examine the different ways two European Jewish architects adapted to their new cultural environment when they settled in Palestine in the 1920s, and the way the process of adaptation was reflected in their architectural work in the country. Alexander Baerwald (1877-1930) came from Germany and Benjamin Chaikin (1883-1950) came from England. Both architects made important contributions to the architecture of the country. They came from two different cultural worlds, they differed in the way they referred to their Jewish heritage and in their relation to the Zionist movement. They however shared a conservative architectural attitude, each from his particular cultural background. The study deals with culture and cultural processes and the relation between culture and architecture. The process of the personal adaptation of each architect has been traced throughout the various stages in their lives. The study of the polar dynamics in a model of three axes of architectural attitude has been helpful to identify possible changes in architectural outlook of each architect in the course of those stages. Baerwald’s work seemed to reflect his growing understanding of the needs and life-style of the people he had come to share his life with. It showed a gradual, though reluctant rapprochement to modern architecture that had come to prevail in the country. Chaikin’s traditional regionalist approach to the country’s architecture seemed to reflect his personal traditional relationship to the country and the growing impact of the modern movement seemed to have left Chaikin largely unconcerned  ***  JEWISH BOOKPLATES, labels, usually inside book covers, indicating the owner of the books. The earliest ex libris with Hebrew wording were made for non-Jews. One of the first bookplates was made by Albrecht Duerer for Willibald Pirkheimer (c. 1504) with an inscription in Hebrew, Greek, and Latin of Psalms 111:10. Hector Pomer of Nuremberg had a woodcut ex libris (1525) that is attributed to Duerer or his disciple, Hans Sebald Beham, with the Hebrew translation of "Unto the pure all things are pure" (NT, Titus 1:15). "A time for everything" (Eccles. 3:1) in Hebrew is found on the bookplate (1530) by Barthel Beham, of Hieronymus Baumgartner of Nuremberg.Among the Jewish artists in England who engraved bookplates in the 18 century were Benjamin Levi of Portsmouth, Isaac Levi of Portsea, Moses Mordecai of London, Samuel Yates of Liverpool, and Mordecai Moses and Ezekiel Abraham Ezekiel of Exeter. However, they only made a few bookplates for Jews. The first known ex libris of a Jew was made by Benjamin Levi for Isaac Mendes of London in 1746. A number of British Jews in the 18 and 19 centuries had armorial bookplates bearing the family coat of arms, although some of them were spurious. Sir Moses Montefiore had several ex libris which bore his distinctively Jewish coat of arms. Among the few Jewish ex libris made in the latter half of the 18 century in Germany were those for David Friedlaender, engraved by Daniel N. Chodowiecki in 1774; and Bernhardt Friedlaender, by Johann M.S. Lowe in 1790. In the 18 century Dutch members of the Polack (Polak) family were among the early bookplate artists. A.S. Polak engraved a heraldic ex libris for the Jewish baron Aerssen van Sommelsdyk. Isaac de Pinto, a Dutch Sephardi Jew, had a bookplate featuring a huge flower vase with his monogram. The modern Russian-Jewish artist S. Yudovin engraved a number of exquisite woodcut bookplates which are among the relatively few with Yiddish inscriptions. Among other European Jewish artists who have used various graphic media to execute ex libris are Lodewijk Lopes Cardozo, Fré Cohen, Alice Garman-Horodisch, Georg Jilovsky, Emil Orlik, and Hugo Steiner-Prag. Marco Birnholz (1885–1965) of Vienna, a foremost collector, had over 300 different ones for his own use that were made by many of the European Jewish graphic artists. Bookplates of three Jews are considered to be among the earliest American ex libris, dating from the first half of the 19 century. The pictorial bookplate of Barrak (Baruch) Hays of New York incorporated a family coat of arms. Benjamin S. Judah had two armorial bookplates, although there is no evidence that he was entitled to bear a coat of arms. Dr. Benjamin I. Raphael also had two ex libris – one showing a hand grasping a surgeon's knife and the other a skull and bones, symbols frequently found on medical ex libris. Among the early American college bookplates that have Hebrew words are those of Yale University, inscribed with Urim ve-Thumim, Columbia with Ori El ("God is my light," alluding to Ps. 27:1), and Dartmouth with El Shaddai ("God Almighty"). Many of the major universities in the United States have a variety of bookplates for their Judaica collections. American Jewish artists of bookplates include Joseph B. Abrahams, Joanne Bauer-Mayer, Todros Geller, A. Raymond Katz, Reuben Leaf, Solomon S. Levadi, Isaac Lichtenstein, Saul Raskin, and Ilya Schor. Ephraim Moses Lilien, the "father of Jewish bookplates," designed many for early Zionist leaders which revealed national suffering and hopes. He gave the Hebrew rendering of the Latin term ex libris – mi-sifrei ("from the books of") for the numerous ex libris, which he created with definitive Jewish significance, and inaugurated a new era in this field that was pursued by other Jewish artists. Hermann Struck drew inspiration from the monuments and landscape of Ereẓ Israel for the ex libris he made. Joseph Budko created more than 50 bookplates in aquatints, woodcuts, etchings, and drawings, mostly in a purely ornamental style, leaning heavily on the decorative value of Hebrew script. His artistic ex libris are considered among the finest Jewish examples. Jakob Steinhardt also executed a number of bookplates. Among the other modern Israel artists who produced ex libris are Aryeh Allweil, David Davidowicz, Ze'ev Raban, J. Ross, Jacob Stark, and Shelomo Yedidiah. Synagogues, Jewish community centers, and institutions of Jewish learning have their own bookplates on which are imprinted names of the donors of books or names of deceased persons who are thus memorialized. Important collections of ex libris are at Hebrew Union College, Cincinnati, consisting mainly of the private collections of Israel Solomons and Philip Goodman, and at the Museum of the Printing Arts, Safed, based mainly on the private collection of Abraham Weiss of Tel Aviv.  ebay775