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California Redwood, Sequoia sempervirens, Tree Seeds
Bonsai, Evergreen, Fast Growth, Shade Tree, Specimen Tree, Long Lived, Wind and Urban Tolerant
The California Redwood is a narrow, conical, evergreen conifer that is typically found in high moisture coastal areas that are regularly blanketed with fog rolling in from the Pacific. In this native habitat, it is a magnificent, long-lived tree that is generally considered to be the tallest tree in the world, growing over 300 feet with a trunk diameter of 20 feet. Although fast-growing in its native habitat, it still may take 400+ years for a Redwood to reach maturity but it can live to 2000 years or more. In cultivation outside of its native habitat, it will grow much smaller, typically 60 to 90 feet tall. Mature trees have straight, slightly tapered trunks that are heavily buttressed at the base. The trunk may rise for more than 100 feet before the first horizontal, slightly drooping, branches mark the bottom of a rounded crown. A grove of mature California Redwoods is truly magnificent. Younger trees are narrowly pyramidal and have branches all along the trunk. The bark is very thick, up to 12 inches, quite soft, fibrous and bright red-brown when freshly exposed, weathering darker. The root system is composed of shallow, wide-spreading lateral roots. Redwood is one of very few conifers that will sprout from its roots and from cut stumps.
California Redwood grows very quickly, 3 to 5 feet per year in cool, humid climates and is tolerant of air pollution and strong winds. In the right climate and with enough space, California Redwood is an excellent choice where a tall, majestic specimen tree is needed quickly.
Redwood is a prized lumber tree for its soft, straight-grained, knot-free reddish heartwood that resists termites and decay. Its lack of resin makes it resistant to fire. Among its many uses are railroad ties, bridge timbers, fence posts, shingles, caskets, homes and furniture. Redwood is an important timber crop in California and even virgin stands are still being cut, although many acres have been set aside for preservation in state and national parks. Sequoia sempervirens along with its close cousin Sequoiadendron giganteum (Giant Sequoia) are jointly designated as the State Tree of California.
Sequoia, is a monotypic genus in the Bald Cypress family, an ancient group of conifers that once shared the landscape with dinosaurs. The genus is named in honor of Sequoiah (1770-1843), the son of a British merchant and a Cherokee woman, who became a Cherokee chief and created an alphabet for his people's language. Sempervirens is from the Latin for "always alive" (because it is evergreen).
Leaf: Evergreen, 1/2 to 1 inch long, linear, two-ranked and
flattened, yellow-green to bright green, upper
side of needle has sparse stomatal bloom while underside has two distinct
bands. Leaves on cone-bearing branches may be scale-like.
Flower: Monoecious (pollen and seed cones on the same plant), both males and females are very small and occur near
the ends of shoots; males are oblong; females more egg-shaped.
Fruit: Woody cone, 3/4 to 1.25 inch long, reddish-brown,
basically egg-shaped. Pollination is in late winter with maturation about 8 to 9 months after.
Each cone scale bears 3 to 7 seeds. The seeds are released when the cone scales
dry out and open at maturity. Cones
persist on the tree after the seeds are released.
Twig: Slender, often drooping, initially green and later
turning brown.
Bark: Very thick, up to 1 foot, deeply furrowed with rounded
ridges, fibrous, reddish to gray-brown.
Form: Very large, tall, straight tree (over 300 feet) with a
narrow, loose crown.
Other Names: Coastal Redwood, Coast Redwood, Giant Redwood and California Redwood
Zone: 7 to 9
Growth Rate: Fast
Plant Type: Needled
Evergreen tree (Conifer)
Family: Cupressaceae
Native Range: Western North America
Height: 60 to 300 feet
Spread: 25 to 75 feet
Shape: Pyramidal
Sun: Full Sun
Fall Color: Evergreen
Drought Tolerance: Low
Water: Medium
Maintenance: Medium
Site Requirements /Soil Tolerances: Best in moist, rich, humusy, well-drained soils in full sun. Tolerates some light shade. Grows best in cool, moist, coastal climates with consistently high moisture levels. Tolerant of wet soils. Intolerant of dry soils. Generally intolerant of temperature extremes.
Culture: Although technically winter hardy to the deep South, it does not grow well there.
Uses: Bonsai. Shade tree. This is a large tree that needs a large space.
Sowing Sequoia sempervirens Seeds:
For best results, please follow the instructions in the order provided.
Scarify: Soak in water for 24 hours
Stratify: Cold 30 days, 40 Degrees F in a Moist Medium (Not wet).
Germination: Sow 1/8” Deep, Keep moist, (Not wet).
For more information about seed pretreatment and growing trees and shrubs from seed, please download this .pdf:
https://www.forestresearch.gov.uk/documents/1449/fcpg018.pdf
Germination:
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