Botanical Name: Foeniculum vulgare ssp. piperitum (synonym of
Origin: India
Plant Part: Seeds
Cultivation: Wild Grown
Use: Aromatherapy / Natural Perfumery. Always dilute.
Note: Middle to Top Note
Aroma: Very sweet, anise/licorice-like, slightly camphoraceous and somewhat citrus-like, with earthy, peppery undertones; sharper than our Sweet Fennel.
Overview
Fennel Essential Oil
Our Sweet Fennel from India is distilled from the seeds of Foeniculum vulgare, a tall biennial herb that since ancient times has been revered for its beneficial effects on the digestive, respiratory, and female reproductive systems.1 Both Tisserand and Peter and Kate Damien concur that Fennel’s purifying properties make it an ideal addition to topical preparations, particularly in massage for local application to the abdomen and lower back.2,3 Minimal application and a low dilution ratio of 1% are recommended for this type of massage. When well diluted and even minimally applied, Sweet Fennel may also be used to help cleanse the body after experiencing insect or snake bites4 or the occasional overindulgence in food and alcohol.
The molecular composition of Sweet Fennel is surprisingly diverse, featuring (E)-anethole, limonene, α- and ß-pinenes, estragole, α-phellandrene, and less than 1.0 percent of many other constituents, including fenchone (a ketone).5 Highly etheric oils like Sweet Fennel are extremely "drying" and as such, may be useful in massage for damp, swollen or water-retaining skin. Interestingly, Sweet Fennel is one of only 22 "official" essential oils included in Whitla’s Materia Medica, first published in 1882.6
For information regarding the aromatherapeutic attributes of Sweet Fennel essential oil, please see:
L’Aromatherapie Exactement, Pierre Franchomme and Dr. Daniel Pénoël, 1990, pp. 354-5.
Aromatherapy: Scent and Psyche, Peter and Kate Damien, 1995, pp. 189-90.
Essential Oils – A Handbook for Aromatherapy Practice, 2nd ed., Jennifer Peace Rhind, 2012, pp. 225-6.
Aromatherapeutic Blending – Essential Oils in Synergy, Jennifer Peace Rhind, 2016, pp. 212-3.
Aromatherapy for Health Professionals, 2nd ed., Shirley and Len Price, 1999, pp. 326-7.
The Encyclopedia of Essential Oils, Julia Lawless, 2013, pp. 89-91.
Aromatherapy Workbook, Marcel Lavabre, 1997, pp. 103, 136.
The Practice of Aromatherapy, Jean Valnet, M.D., 1980, pp. 125-7.
The Art of Aromatherapy, Robert Tisserand, 1977, pp. 223-6.
"Foeniculum vulgare Mill: A Review of Its Botany, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Contemporary Application, and Toxicology," SB Badgujar, VV Patel, et al., Biomed Res Int. 2014; 2014: 842674, DOI: 10.1155/2014/842674
"The effect of fennel essential oil on uterine contraction as a model for dysmenorrhea, pharmacology and toxicology study," SN Ostad, M Soodi, et al., Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2001;76(3):299–304, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-8741(01)00249-5
"Chemical Composition and Bioactivity of Essential Oils of Seed and Leaf from Foeniculum vulgare Mill cultivated in Southeast of Morocco," K Sellam, M Ramchoun, et al., Journal of Natural Sciences Research, June 2014; 4(17): 33-38, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/278242644_Chemical
_Composition_and_Bioactivity_of_Essential_Oils_of_
Seed_and_Leaf_from_Foeniculum_vulgare_Mill_cultivated
_in_Southeast_of_Morocco
"Immunomodulatory activities of common vegetables and spices of Umbelliferae and its related coumarins and flavonoids," J-M Cherng, W Chiang, L-C Chiang, Food Chemistry, 2008;106(3):944–950, DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.07.005
Aromatic Profile: Very sweet, anise/licorice-like, slightly camphoraceous and somewhat citrus-like, with earthy, peppery undertones; sharper than our Sweet Fennel.
Appearance: Very pale yellow to colorless, transparent, mobile liquid.
Use: Aromatherapy, Natural Perfumery.
Blending Suggestions: Dilute well and add drop by drop to your blends until the desired effect is achieved.
Blends Well With: Basil, Bergamot, Black Pepper, Caraway, Cardamom, Chamomile, Clary Sage, Coriander, Cumin, Geranium, Ginger, Grapefruit, Juniper Berry, Lavandin, Lavender, Lemon, Lime, Mandarin, Orange (sweet), Rose, Rosemary, Sandalwood, Ylang Ylang. Sweet Fennel essential oil finds application in chypre, fougère and other (e.g., ‘odor-masking’) perfumes, where its different spicy-herbaceous anisic shadings are appreciated."7
Safety Considerations: A patch test should be performed before use for those with sensitive skin.
1 Rhind, Jennifer Peace. Essential Oils – A Handbook for Aromatherapy Practice, 2nd ed., 2012, p. 225.
2 Tisserand, Robert. Aromatherapy: To Heal and Tend the Body, 1988, p. 207.
3 Damian, Peter & Kate. Aromatherapy: Scent and Psyche, 1995, p. 190.
4 Sellar, Wanda. The Directory of Essential Oils, 1992, p. 59.
5 Industry communication.
6 Tisserand, Robert. Aromatherapy: To Heal and Tend the Body, 1988, p. 40.
7 Wells, F.V. and Marcel Billot. Perfumery Technology – Art: Science: Industry, 2nd ed., 1981, p. 78.
8 Tisserand, Robert and Rodney Young. Essential Oil Safety, 2nd ed., 2014, p. 277
9 Ibid.
About Our Products:
All our products are 100% natural artisanal grade Pure Oils
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How Best To Use These Oils:
There are many, many ways to use Essential Oils, here are just a few...
Oil Burners - One of the most popular ways is using them with an oil burner. Adding a few drops to your oil burner will create a lasting beautiful aroma, you can also mix oils to create your own smell.
Bath - Adding a few drops of our oils to your bath creates a heavenly, natural and pure aroma, and is proven to be a highly effective way get the most our of essential oils.
Massage - Our oils are strong, so please do not use them directly on your skin. Adding a few drops to a carrier oils (such as Grapeseed oil), and then massaging it on to your forehead, palms, neck, back, feet or other affected areas work wonders.
Making your own products - Many of you like create your own soaps, candles and beauty products, and these oils are perfect for that. They are of therapeutic grade, natural, pure and all hand bottled in the UK, making them ideal for you creative souls out there who make your own products.
Others - Other popular ways apart from the above include, de-humidifiers, diffusers, on your pillow at night, meditation, car air fresheners and in steam / saunas.
Warning:
* For external us only. Do not use essential oils internally.
* Do not apply directly to skin (sensitive skin); always dilute with carrier oil. Do a small test first.
* Keep out of reach of children.
* Avoid contact with eyes and mucous membranes.
* Avoid pro-longed exposure to direct sunlight.
* Use only pure essential oils
* Store essential oils and carrier oils properly to avoid degradation and rancidity.
* Do not use on children, or when pregnant or while using medication.
* An essential oil should not be used instead of seeing a doctor for medical advice.
* Never self-prescribe and if in doubt please ask your doctor.
* If an allergic reaction occurs or you get the oil in your eyes then wash away the oil with water and then seek medical attention straight away.
Use by: We suggest using your oil within 12 months of purchase. Some will last longer and some scents mature with age.
Please note: Eden Essential Oil accepts no liability for misuse of any of our products.