1558
Mattioli
HERBAL Illustrated Botany Materia Medica Medicine Dioscorides
COMPLETE
with 703 Exquisite Woodcut Botanical!
Pier Andrea Mattioli
was an Italian physician whose main claim to fame was his commentaries on the
'Materia medica' of Dioscorides, the fame of which eventually brought him
successive appointments as physician to the Archduke Ferdinand I and the
Emperor Maximilian II'.
Pietro Andrea Gregorio Mattioli (1501 –
1577) was a doctor, botanist, and naturalist born in Siena.
Main author: Pietro
Andrea Mattioli; Pierandrea Mattioli
Title: Petri Andreæ Matthioli
Senensis serenissimi principis Ferdinandi archiducis Austriæ & c medici,
Commentarii secundo aucti in libros sex Pedacii Dioscoridis Anazarbei De medica
materia. : Adiectus quàm plurimis plantarum, & animalium imaginibus, quæ
in priore editione non habentur, eodem authore. His accessit eiusdem Apologia
aduersus Amathum Lusitanum, quin & censura in eiusdem enarratione.
Published:
Venetiis : Ex officina Erasmiana, Vincentij Valgrisij, MDLVIII [1558]
Language:
Latin
Notes &
contents:
·
2nd edition (1st revised)
o Famous
edition with 133 new woodcuts that were not in the 1554 Venice edition
o 1st
edition to include woodcut of a mummy
o 703
total woodcuts of animals and plants
o This
commentary also contains an extensive section on wine!
·
This 1558 edition served as an important step in
the world’s knowledge and understanding of botanical sciences; and the 703
woodcuts were a model for the woodcuts of the 1560s which would be used in many
subsequent editions.
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Binding: tight and secure leather
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Pages: collated and entirely complete
with all pages; plus indexes, prefaces, and such; [100],
776, 50, [2] pages
Publisher: Venetiis : Ex officina
Erasmiana, Vincentij Valgrisij, MDLVIII [1558]
Size: ~13in X 9in (32.5cm x 23cm)
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Pietro Andrea Gregorio Mattioli (Matthiolus) (Italian:
[ˈpjɛːtro anˈdrɛːa ɡreˈɡɔːrjo matˈtjɔːli]; 12 March 1501 – 1577) was a doctor
and naturalist born in Siena.
Contents [hide]
1 Biography
2 Works
3 References
4 External
links
Biography[edit]
He received his MD at the University of Padua in 1523, and
subsequently practiced the profession in Siena, Rome, Trento and Gorizia, becoming
personal physician of Ferdinand II, Archduke of Further Austria in Prague and
Ambras Castle, and of Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor in Vienna.
Mattioli described the first case of cat allergy. His
patient was so sensitive to cats that if he was sent into a room with a cat he
reacted with agitation, sweating and pallor.[citation needed]
A careful student of botany, he described 100 new plants and
coordinated the medical botany of his time in his Discorsi
("Commentaries") on the Materia Medica of Dioscorides. The first
edition of Mattioli's work appeared in 1544 in Italian. There were several
later editions in Italian and translations into Latin (Venice, 1554), French
(Lyon, 1561), Czech, (Prague, 1562), and German (Prague, 1563).
In addition to identifying the plants originally described
by Dioscorides, Mattioli added descriptions of some plants not in Dioscorides
and not of any known medical use, thus marking a transition from to the study
of plants as a field of medicine to a study of interest in its own right. In
addition, the woodcuts in Mattioli's work were of a high standard, allowing
recognition of the plant even when the text was obscure. A noteworthy inclusion
is an early variety of tomato,the first documented example of the vegetable
being grown and eaten in Europe.[1]
The plant genus Matthiola was named by Robert Brown in honor
of Mattioli.[2]
Mattioli argued against Fracastoro's theory of fossils, as
well as against his own conclusions, as described as follows in Charles Lyell's
Principles of Geology:
The system of scholastic disputations encouraged in the
Universities of the middle ages had unfortunately trained men to habits of
indefinite argumentation, and they often preferred absurd and extravagant
propositions, because greater skill was required to maintain them; the end and
object of such intellectual combats being victory and not truth. ...Andrea
Mattioli, for instance, an eminent botanist, the illustrator of Dioscorides,
embraced the notion of Agricola, a German miner, that a certain 'materia
pinguis' or 'fatty matter,' set into fermentation by heat, gave birth to fossil
organic shapes. Yet Mattioli had come to the conclusion, from his own
observations, that porous bodies, such as bones and shells, might be converted
into stone, as being permeable to what he termed the 'lapidifying juice.[3]
Works[edit]
Woodblock for a ca. 1561 printing of Discorsi
1533, Morbi Gallici Novum ac Utilissimum Opusculum
1535, Liber de Morbo Gallico, dedicated to Bernardo Clesio
1536, De Morbi Gallici Curandi Ratione
1539, Il Magno Palazzo del Cardinale di Trento
1544, Di Pedacio Dioscoride Anazarbeo Libri cinque Della
historia, et materia medicinale tradotti in lingua volgare italiana da M.
Pietro Andrea Matthiolo Sanese Medico, con amplissimi discorsi, et comenti, et
dottissime annotationi, et censure del medesimo interprete, also known as
Discorsi
1548, Italian translation of Geografia di Tolomeo
1554, Petri Andreae Matthioli Medici Senensis Commentarii,
in Libros sex Pedacii Dioscoridis Anazarbei, de Materia Medica, Adjectis quàm
plurimis plantarum & animalium imaginibus, eodem authore, also known as
Commentarii. This Materia Medica work had anonymous commentaries by Michael
Servetus, and it is known as “Lyon printers tribute to Michael de Villanueva.”[4]
1558, Petri Andreae Matthioli senensis, serenissimi
Principis Ferdinandi Auchiducis Austriae &c. Medici, commentarii secundo
aucti, in libros sex Pedacii Dioscoridis Anazarbei de medica materia : adjectis
quam plurimis Plantarum, & Animalium Imaginibus quae in priore Editione non
habentur, eodem Authore Digital edition by the University and State Library
Düsseldorf
1558, Apologia Adversus Amatum Lusitanum (attached to the
Digital edition above)
1561, Epistolarum Medicinalium Libri Quinque
1569, Opusculum de Simplicium Medicamentorum Facultatibus
1571, Compendium de Plantis Omnibus una cum Earum Iconibus
1586, De plantis epitome. Francofurti ad Moenum Digital
edition by the University and State Library Düsseldorf
1590, Kreutterbuch deß hochgelehrten unnd weitberühmten
Herrn D. Petri Andreae Matthioli : jetzt widerumb mit viel schönen neuwen
Figuren, auch nützlichen Artzeneyen, und andern guten Stücken, zum andern mal
auß sonderm Fleiß gemehret und verfertigt. Franckfort am Mayn : [Johann
Feyerabend für Peter Fischer & Heinrich Tack]. Digital edition by the
University and State Library Düsseldorf
1598, Medici Caesarei et Ferdinandi Archiducis Austriae
opera quae extant omnia . Frankfurt a.M. Digital edition by the University and
State Library Düsseldorf
1627, Les commentaires de P. André Matthiolus sur les six livres de Pedacius Dioscoride Anazarbeen, de la matiere medecinale : traduits de latin en françois, par M. Antoine du Pinet ; et illustrez de nouveau, d'un bon nombre de figures, & augmentez ... ; avec plusieurs tables ... . Lyon Digital edition by the University and State Library Düsseldorf