JAPAN

The terms of the Potsdam Declaration, to which Japan had agreed, specified that the country was to be limited to the four main home islands-Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu, and Shikoku-and such other small islands as may be designated. All territory gained by aggression thus was to be shorn from Japanese control. Japan, too, is to be stripped of the power to make war again.

When cease-fire orders were given, high-explosive, fire, and atomic bombs already had reduced much of the industrial empire centered about Tokyo, Nagoya, Osaka, Kobe, Nagasaki, and other closely compressed cities and towns. In truth, large portions of most of the main industrial districts were bombed, fire-blackened, and blown to dust or heaps of rubble.

Today Japan can look about and see how little her ill-patterned expansion policy has availed her. She stands again with virtually the same territory she had when Commodore Matthew Calbraith Perry sailed his peaceful armada into Yedo Bay (Tokyo Wan) in 1853 to open the doors of the isolationist kingdom…”