John Frederick Campbell, the 1st Earl Cawdor (8 November 1790 – 7 November 1860), was a distinguished British earl and Member of Parliament (MP).

Born to John Campbell, the 1st Baron Cawdor, and Lady Caroline Howard, he received his education at Eton and Christ Church, Oxford, where he graduated with a BA in 1812. In 1827, he was honored with the titles of Viscount Emlyn of Emlyn and Earl Cawdor of Castlemartin in Pembroke County.

A Fellow of the Royal Society since June 1812, he served as MP for Carmarthen from 1813 to 1821 and as Lord Lieutenant of Carmarthenshire from 1817 until his death in 1860. He passed away on his family's estate in Stackpole, Pembrokeshire.

On 5 September 1816, he wed Lady Elizabeth Thynne, the daughter of Thomas Thynne, the 2nd Marquess of Bath, and the Honourable Isabella Elizabeth Byng.