size about - 120 mm x 115 mm, HUGE massive medal
metal – bronze metal
weight about 520 gr (about 18.40 oz.)
Marie
Skłodowska Curie (November 7, 1867 – July 4, 1934) was a physicist and chemist
of Polish upbringing and, subsequently, French citizenship. She was a pioneer
in the field of radioactivity, the first person honored with two Nobel Prizes,
receiving one in physics and later, one in chemistry. She was the first woman
to serve as professor at the University of Paris.
She was
born Maria Skłodowska in Warsaw (then Vistula Country, Russian Empire; now
Poland) and lived there until she was twenty-four years old. In 1891 she
followed her elder sister, Bronisława, to study in Paris, where she obtained
her higher degrees and conducted her subsequent scientific work. She founded
the Curie Institutes in Paris and Warsaw. Her husband, Pierre Curie, was a
Nobel co-laureate of hers, being awarded a Nobel prize in physics at the same
time. Her daughter, Irène Joliot-Curie, and son-in-law, Frédéric Joliot-Curie,
also received Nobel prizes.
Her
achievements include the creation of a theory of radioactivity (a term she
coined), techniques for isolating radioactive isotopes, and the discovery of
two new elements, polonium and radium. Under her direction, the world's first
studies were conducted into the treatment of neoplasms (cancers), using
radioactive isotopes.
While an
actively loyal French citizen, she never lost her sense of Polish identity. She
named the first new chemical element that she discovered (1898) polonium for
her native country, and in 1932 she founded a Radium Institute (now the Maria
Skłodowska–Curie Institute of Oncology) in her home town, Warsaw, which was
headed by her sister, Bronisława, who was a physician.
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