Before decimalisation brought about a new currency with new coinage, the sum of three pence was pronounced variously /ˈθrʊpəns/throop-ence, /ˈθrɛpəns/threpp-ence or /ˈθrʌpəns/thrupp-ence, reflecting different pronunciations in the various regions and nations of Great Britain. Likewise, the coin was usually referred to in conversation as a /ˈθrʊpni/throop-nee, /ˈθrɛpni/threpp-nee or /ˈθrʌpni/thrupp-nee bit.
British coinage
Current circulation
One penny Two pence Five pence Ten pence Twenty pence Fifty pence One pound Two pounds
Commemorative and bullion
Twenty-five pence Five pounds Maundy money Quarter sovereign Half sovereign Sovereign Britannia
Withdrawn (decimal)
Half penny
Withdrawn (pre-decimal,
selected coins)
Quarter-farthing Third-farthing Half-farthing Farthing Halfpenny Penny Threepence Groat Sixpence One shilling Two shillings (florin) Half crown Double florin (four shillings) Crown Half guinea Guinea
See also
Pound sterling Coins of the pound sterling List of British banknotes and coins Scottish coinage Coins of Ireland List of people on coins of the United Kingdom
English, Scottish and British monarchs
Monarchs of England before 1603 Monarchs of Scotland before 1603
Æthelstan Edmund the Magnificent Eadred Eadwig Edgar the Peaceful Edward the Martyr Æthelred the Unready Sweyn Forkbeard Edmund Ironside Cnut the Great Harold Harefoot Harthacnut Edward the Confessor Harold Godwinson Edgar the Ætheling William I William II Henry I Stephen Matilda Henry II Henry the Young King Richard I John Henry III Edward I Edward II Edward III Richard II Henry IV Henry V Henry VI Edward IV Edward V Richard III Henry VII Henry VIII Edward VI Jane Mary I and Philip Elizabeth I
Kenneth I MacAlpin Donald I Constantine I Áed Giric Eochaid Donald II Constantine II Malcolm I Indulf Dub Cuilén Amlaíb Kenneth II Constantine III Kenneth III Malcolm II Duncan I Macbeth Lulach Malcolm III Canmore Donald III Duncan II Donald III Edgar Alexander I David I Malcolm IV William I Alexander II Alexander III Margaret First Interregnum John Second Interregnum Robert I David II Edward Robert II Robert III James I James II James III James IV James V Mary I James VI
Monarchs of England and Scotland after the Union of the Crowns in 1603
James I & VI Charles I Commonwealth Charles II James II & VII Mary II and William III & II Anne
British monarchs after the Acts of Union 1707
Anne George I George II George III George IV William IV Victoria Edward VII George V Edward VIII George VI Elizabeth II
Jan 1 Jack Hobbs makes his international debut in England's 2nd Test win over Australia at the MCG, scoring 83 and 28 in his two innings. Goes onto become the leading run scorer and century maker in 1st-class cricket history.
Jan 2 Canadian branch of the Royal Mint opens in Ottawa
Jan 7 England beat Australia by one wicket at the MCG
Jan 9 Frans Schollaert succeeds Jules De Trooz as premier of Belgium
Jan 9 Muir Woods National Monument, California, established
Jan 12 A long-distance radio message is sent from the Eiffel Tower for the first time.
Jan 13 Stanley Cup, Montreal Arena, Westmount, Quebec: Montreal Wanderers rout Ottawa Victorias, 13-1 for 2-0 sweep of challenge series
Jan 13 Rhoads Opera House fire in Boyertown, PA killing 171 people.
Henri Farman Wins the Grand Prix d'Aviation
Jan 13 Henri Farman becomes the first person to fly an observed circuit of more than 1km, winning the Grand Prix d'Aviation
Henri Farman crosses the line to win the Grand Prix d'Aviation for the first observed circular flight of 1km
Jan 14 Roger Hartigan scores century on Test debut v England in Adelaide (116)
Jan 15 C Hill & R J Hartigan make 8th wkt partnership 243 for Australia
Jan 15 Alpha Kappa Alpha sorority, the first for African-American women, established by Ethel Hedgeman and 15 other students at Howard University in Washington, D.C.
Jan 16 Pinnacles National Monument, California established
Jan 18 Frederick Delius' "Brigg Fair" premieres in London
Jan 21 August Strindberg's "Spoksonaten" premieres in Stockholm
Jan 21 "Sullivan Ordinance" is passed in NYC, making it illegal for a woman to smoke in public places. It was vetoed 2 weeks later by mayor George B. McClellan Jr.
Jan 22 Katie Mulcahey is arrested for lighting a cigarette, violating the 1-day old "Sullivan Ordinance" banning women from smoking in public, and is fined $5. Appearing before the judge she stated “I’ve got as much right to smoke as you have. I never heard of this new law, and I don’t want to hear about it. No man shall dictate to me.”
Jan 23 US & Great Britain demand end of abuses in Congo
Historic Publication
Jan 24 Lieutenant General Robert Baden-Powell publishes "Scouting for Boys" as a manual for self-instruction in outdoor skills and self-improvement. The book becomes the inspiration for the Scout Movement.
Robert Baden-Powell
Founder of Scouts
Robert Baden-Powell
Jan 25 John Blockx's opera "Baldie" premieres in Antwerp
Jan 27 Pasiphaë, a satellite of Jupiter, discovered by Melotte
Jan 29 Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, at Cornell University, incorporates
Feb 1 King Carlos I of Portugal and his heir, Prince Luis Filipe are assassinated by Republican sympathizers in Terreiro do Paco, Lisbon
Feb 3 Supreme Court rules a union boycott violates Sherman Antitrust Act
Feb 3 Foundation of Panathinaikos in Athens, Greece.
Feb 4 Star #46 was added to US flag for Oklahoma with the addition to the Union of Oklahoma on November 16, 1907
Sports History
Feb 7 Philadelphia A's manager/owner Connie Mack sells future Baseball Hall of Fame pitcher Rube Waddell to St Louis Browns for $5,000
Connie Mack
Baseball Legend
Connie Mack
Feb 8 Wilhelmina '08 soccer team forms in Weert, Netherlands
Boxing Title Fight
Feb 10 Canadian world heavyweight boxing champion Tommy Burns KOs Englishman Jack Palmer in round 4 in London in his 8th title defence
Tommy Burns
Boxer and World Heavyweight Champion
Tommy Burns
Feb 11 Australia regain the Ashes with a 308 run cricket victory vs England
Feb 11 Heemskerk's government begins in Holland
Feb 12 Anna Jeanes bequeaths $1,000,000 to Swarthmore to become all female
Feb 12 NY to Paris auto race (via Alaska & Siberia) begins in NYC George Schuster wins after 88 days behind the wheel
Feb 18 1st US postage stamps in rolls issued
Feb 18 The American ambassador to Japan is given a note by the Japanese in which they agree to restrict Japanese emigration to the US; this becomes known as the 'Gentlemen's Agreement'
Feb 24 In 'Muller v Oregon', the US Supreme Court favors an Oregon law limiting maximum hours a woman may work and denies that it curtails 'liberty of contract'
Feb 25 1st tunnel under Hudson River (railway tunnel) opens
Feb 27 Sacrifice fly adopted (repealed in 1931, reinstated 1954)
Feb 28 Failed assassination attempt on Shah Mohammed Ali in Tehran
Feb 29 Dutch scientists produce solid helium
Mar 4 Primary school catches fire in Collingwood, Ohio (180 killed)
Mar 5 1st ascent of Mt Erebus, Antarctica
Mar 7 Cincinnati Mayor Mark Breith stands before city council and announces that, "women are not physically fit to operate automobiles"
Mar 8 Dutch utopist Frederick of Eden speaks in Carnegie Hall, NY
Mar 9 Italian football club Inter Milan founded as Foot-Ball Club Internazionale
Mar 12 Stanley Cup, Montreal Arena, Westmount, Quebec: Montreal Wanderers beat Winnipeg Maple Leafs, 9-3 for 2-0 sweep of challenge series
Mar 12 The Pan-Macedonian group is formed in Athens to support the Greek Struggle for Macedonia
Mar 14 Stanley Cup, Montreal Arena, Westmount, Quebec: Montreal Wanderers beat Toronto Professionals, 6-4
Music Premiere
Mar 15 1st performance of Maurice Ravel's "Rapsodie Espagnole"
Maurice Ravel
Composer and Pianist
Maurice Ravel
Mar 17 Canadian champion Tommy Burns KOs Irish challenger Jem Roche in 1:28s of the 1st round at the Theatre Royal, Dublin; then quickest world heavyweight boxing title fight
Mar 23 American diplomat Durham Stevens is attacked by Korean assassins Jeon Myeong-un and Jang In-hwan, leading to his death in hospital two days later
Mar 25 Clube Atletico Mineiro, Founded in Belo Horizonte, Brazil
Mar 27 70th Grand National: Henry Bletsoe wins aboard American 66/1 outsider Rubio
Apr 3 Frank Gotch wins world heavyweight wrestling championship in 2 hrs
Historic Event
Apr 5 British Prime Minister Henry Campbell-Bannerman resigns
Henry Campbell-Bannerman
British Prime Minister
Henry Campbell-Bannerman
Historic Event
Apr 8 H. H. Asquith succeeds Henry Campbell-Bannerman as British Prime Minister
H. H. Asquith
British Prime Minister
H. H. Asquith
Henry Campbell-Bannerman
British Prime Minister
Henry Campbell-Bannerman
Apr 12 Fire at the Boston Blacking Company (producer of leather dyes), spreads by high wind, kills 19 and makes 17,000 homeless in Chelsea, Massachusetts
Apr 13 Groundbreaking for Philadelphia's Shibe Park, home of MLB Athletics (AL), 1909-54, MLB Phillies (NL), 1938-70, and NFL Eagles, 1940-57
Apr 16 Natural Bridges National Monument forms (Lake Powell, Utah)
Apr 18 Canadian champion Tommy Burns KOs Jewey Smith of England in 5th round at Neuilly Bowling Palace, Paris to retain his world heavyweight boxing title
Apr 20 12th Boston Marathon won by Tom Morrissey in 2:25:43.2
Apr 20 Opening day of competition of the New South Wales Rugby League.
Apr 21 American polar explorer Frederick Cook claims to have been the 1st person reach North Pole on this date (disputed)
Apr 22 Queensland beat NSW by 171 runs for their 1st cricket win at Gabba
Apr 23 Denmark, Germany, Britain, France, Netherlands & Sweden sign North Sea accord
Apr 24 Mr & Mrs Jacob Murdock and their children depart Los Angeles in a Packard Thirty, endeavoring to become 1st family to travel across United States by car; arrive in NYC 32 days, 5 hours and 25 minutes later
Apr 27 IV Summer (Modern) Olympic Games open in London
May 1 World's most intense shower (2.47" in 3 minutes) at Portobelo, Panama
May 2 Jack Norworth and Albert Von Tilzer register their popular song "Take Me Out to the Ball Game" for copyright
May 5 34th Kentucky Derby: Arthur Pickens aboard 66-1 chance Stone Street wins in muddy track conditions; 2:15.20 slowest Derby in history
Great White Fleet
May 5 Great White Fleet arrives in San Francisco
American naval ships leave Virginia on December 16, 1907, the first day of their two-year voyage
May 7 Emperor Franz-Joseph celebrates his golden jubilee with festivities throughout the Austro-Hungarian empire
May 9 Dirk Fock becomes governor of Suriname
May 10 1st Mother's Day observed (Philadelphia)
Theater Premiere
May 12 George Bernard Shaw's play "Getting Married" premieres in London
George Bernard Shaw
Playwright
George Bernard Shaw
May 12 Wireless Radio Broadcasting is patented by Nathan B. Stubblefield
May 14 1st passenger flight in an airplane
May 15 Reich Association Law comes into force
May 21 1st American horror movie silent film "Dr Jekyll & Mr Hyde" premieres in Chicago
May 23 Dirigible explodes over San Francisco Bay, 16 passengers fall, none killed
May 23 Part of Great White Fleet arrives in Puget Sound, Washington
May 24 Belgium Catholic socialist/liberal parliamentary election
May 24 John Masefields "Tragedy of Nan" premieres in London
May 26 Mr & Mrs Jacob Murdock and their children become 1st family to travel across United States by car: Los Angeles to NYC in a Packard Thirty (32 days, 5 hours and 25 minutes)
May 26 At Masjed Soleyman (مسجد سليمان) in southwest Persia, the first major commercial oil strike in the Middle East is made, rights acquired by the United Kingdom
May 27 Maulana Hakeem Noor-ud-Din iss elected the first Khalifa of Ahmadiyya Muslim Community.
May 30 1st federal workmen's compensation law approved
May 30 42nd Belmont: Joe Notter aboard Colin win
May 30 Aldrich Vineland Currency Act forerunner to Federal Reserve System
May 30 Paris advocate E Archdeacon is 1st passenger in a airplane
May 30 US Assay Office in Salt Lake City, Utah authorized
May 31 Miss Pottelsberghe de la Pottery is 1st airplane passenger (Belgium)
Jun 1 John Krohn begins walk around perimeter of US, which took 357 days
Jun 2 33rd Preakness: Eddie Dugan riding Royal Tourist wins in 1:46.4
Historic Event
Jun 9 King Edward VII of Great Britain visits Tsar Nicholas II at Reval, Russia, where the two discuss the growing power of Germany and British plans for reform in Macedonia
Nicholas II
Tsar of Russia
Nicholas II
Edward VII
King of England
Edward VII
Jun 10 1st flying club, Aeronautical Society of NY, opens
Jun 10 The Australian Parliament passes the Invalid and Old Age Pensions Act providing for pensions for British subjects (excluding aborigines) at age 65
Jun 12 Lusitania crosses Atlantic in record 4 days 15 hours (NYC)
Jun 13 Canadian champion Tommy Burns KOs Bill Squires of Australia in 8th round at Neuilly Bowling Palace, Paris to retain world heavyweight boxing title
Jun 14 Fourth German Navy Bill is passed authorising the financing of the building of another four major warships
Jun 15 World congress for Women's rights opens in Amsterdam
Republican Party
Jun 16 The Republican Party convenes in Chicago where President Theodore Roosevelt picks William Howard Taft as his successor
William Howard Taft
27th US President
William Howard Taft
Theodore Roosevelt
26th US President
Theodore Roosevelt
Jun 18 Japanese immigration to Brazil begins when 781 people arrive in Santos aboard the Kasato-Maru ship
Sports History
Jun 19 British Open Men's Golf, Prestwick GC: Scotsman James Braid wins his 4th Championship by 8 strokes from Tom Ball
James Braid
Golfer and Course Designer
James Braid
Jun 23 The USA suspends diplomatic relationships with Venezuela after the refusal of Cipriano Castro's government to compensate Americans for injuries suffered in the uprising of 1899
Jun 23 Shah Mohammed Ali leads a successful counter-revolution in Persia, aided by the Russian legation and a Cossack brigade
Jun 27 US National Championship Women's Tennis, Philadelphia CC: Maud Barger-Wallach beats defending champion Evelyn Sears 6-3, 1-6, 6-3 for her lone major title
Sports History
Jun 30 At 41 years, 3 months future Baseball Hall of Fame pitcher Cy Young becomes oldest player to record a third career no-hitter as Boston Red Sox beat NY Highlanders, 8-0
Cy Young
MLB Pitcher
Cy Young
Tunguska Fireball
Jun 30 A giant fireball, most likely caused by the air burst of a large meteoroid or comet flattens 80 million trees near the Stony Tunguska River in Yeniseysk Governorate, Russia, in the largest impact event in recorded history
Downed Trees as a result of the Tunguska explosion in Russia in 1908
Wimbledon Women's Tennis
Jun 30 Wimbledon Women's Tennis: Charlotte Cooper Sterry wins her 5th and final Wimbledon title with a 6-4, 6-4 win over Agnes Morton
Charlotte Cooper
Tennis Champion
Charlotte Cooper
Jun 30 Wimbledon Men's Tennis: Arthur Gore takes his 2nd of 3 Wimbledon titles beating Herbert Roper-Barrett 6-3, 6-2, 4-6, 3-6, 6-4
Jul 1 "SOS" (· · · – – – · · ·) distress signal becomes the worldwide standard for help
Jul 3 Indian nationalist Bal Gangadhar Tilak arrested for sedition by the British in wake of Muzzafarpur bombing
Jul 4 New York Giants pitcher George "Hooks" Wiltse no-hits Philadelphia Phillies, 1-0 in 10 inn
Jul 5 Niazi Bey, a chief organizer of the revolutionary movement in Turkey, raises the standard of revolt at Resna, Macedonia
Historic Expedition
Jul 6 Robert Peary's arctic expedition sails from NYC for the north pole
Robert Peary
Arctic Explorer
Robert Peary
Jul 7 Great White Fleet leaves San Francisco Bay
Presidential Convention
Jul 7 The Democratic Party meets in Denver at the start of their convention; William Jennings Bryan is nominated as presidential nominee
William Jennings Bryan
US Secretary of State
William Jennings Bryan
Jul 8 Uprisings spread throughout Turkey
Jul 9 CHU (Christian Historic Union) Dutch political party forms
Jul 10 H Kamerlingh Onnes makes helium liquid (-269°C)
Jul 19 Dutch football club Feyenoord is established in Rotterdam as Wilhelmina; reverts to SC Feijenoord 1912; updated to SC Feyenoord 1974 and to Feyenoord Rotterdam 1978
Jul 24 American Johnny Hayes wins London Olympic marathon in Games record 2:55:18.4 after Dorando Pietri of Italy disqualified for receiving assistance before the finish line
Jul 24 After days of discussion with his ministers, Sultan Abdul Hamid of Turkey announces he is restoring the liberal constitution of 1876 and will become more responsive to demands of dissidents
Jul 25 Ajinomoto Co. is founded. Kikunae Ikeda of the Tokyo Imperial University discovers a key ingredient in Konbu soup stock is monosodium glutamate (MSG), patents a process for manufacturing it.
Jul 26 United States Attorney General Charles Joseph Bonaparte issues an order to immediately staff the Office of the Chief Examiner (later renamed the Federal Bureau of Investigation)
Jul 29 St Louis Browns' future Baseball Hall of Fame pitcher Rube Waddell strikes out 16 Philadelphia A's in 5-4 win against his previous team at Sportsman's Park II, St. Louis
Jul 30 Around the World Automobile Race ends in Paris
Aug 3 French brothers Amadee and Jean Bouyssonie discover the fossil remains of a nearly complete 60,000 year-old Neanderthal man 'Old man of La Chappelle' at La Chappelle-aux-Saints, France
Aug 6 St Louis Cardinals Johnny Lush pitches 2nd career no-hitter vs Brooklyn Superbas; wins, 2-0 (1st no-hitter 1906)
Aug 7 The first train to travel the length of New Zealand's North Island 'main trunk line', leaves Wellington
Aug 9 Tour de France: French road cyclist Lucien Petit-Breton successfully defends his title beating François Faber of Luxembourg
Meeting of Interest
Aug 11 King Edward VII of Britain meets with Emperor Wilhelm of Friedrichshof, Germany; the main point of contention is the increasing size of Germany's navy
Edward VII
King of England
Edward VII
Model T
Aug 12 Henry Ford's company builds the first Model T car
The 1910 Model T Ford
Aug 13 Future Baseball HOF pitcher Cy Young's career is celebrated with special day in his name in Boston; he pitches briefly for Red Sox against an All-Star team
Aug 13 King Edward VII of Great Britain meets with Emperor Franz Joseph of Austria at Ischl; the King tries to persuade the Emperor to advise Germany against aggressive (anti-British) policies
Aug 14 Race riot in Springfield Illinois
Aug 14 The first beauty contest is held in Folkestone, England.
Historic Event
Aug 16 The Committee of Union and Progress, 'The Young Turks', announces a program for reforms and respect for the rights of all within the Ottoman Empire, regardless of race or religion
Enver Pasha
Leader of the Ottoman Empire
Enver Pasha
Aug 17 Booth Tarkington & Harry Leon Wilson's play "Man from Home" premieres in New York
Historic Event
Aug 17 Bank of Italy (now Bank of America) opens new HQ at Clay & Montgomery, San Francisco
Amadeo Giannini
Banker and Entrepreneur
Amadeo Giannini
Aug 17 Projection in Paris of the very first animated cartoon, Fantasmagorie realized by Émile Cohl
Aug 20 Congo Free State becomes Belgian Congo
Aug 20 America's Great White Fleet arrives in Sydney, Australia, to be greeted with a tremendous welcome; 221 American sailors desert to remain in Australia
Aug 24 Canadian champion Tommy Burns KOs Bill Squires in 13th round at the Sydney Stadium, Australia to retain world heavyweight boxing title; Burns' 3rd KO of Squires
Aug 24 NY Giants scores shown on electric diamonds known as "Compton's Baseball Bulletin" at Madison Square Garden
Aug 25 Allen Winter wins US 1st $50,000 trotting race
Aug 25 National Association of Colored Nurses forms
Aug 27 Calgary City Rugby Football Club re-organizes as the Tigers
Aug 29 US Open Men's Golf, Myopia Hunt GC: Fred McLeod defeats fellow Scot Willie Smith by 6 strokes in an 18-hole playoff to win his only major title
Aug 29 NY gives a ticker tape parade to returning US Olympians from London
Aug 29 US National Championship Men's Tennis, Newport, RI: Defending champion William Larned beats Beals Wright 6-1, 6-2, 8-6 for his 4th of 7 US singles titles
Sep 3 Canadian world heavyweight boxing champion Tommy Burns KOs Australian Bill Lang in 6 rounds in Melbourne in a warmup fight for his famous title bout with Jack Johnson
Sep 3 James Barries "What Every Woman Knows" premieres in London
Sep 5 Brooklyn Superbas pitcher Nap Rucker no-hits Boston Braves, 6-0 at Washington Park, Brooklyn
Historic Event
Sep 9 Orville Wright makes 1st 1-hr airplane flight, Fort Myer, Va
Orville Wright
Aviator
Orville Wright
Sep 9 Russia takes part of Poland
Sep 12 Canada appoints a Civil Service Commission, initiating a more equitable system for selecting civil servants
Sep 16 Carriage-maker, William C. Durant, founds General Motors in Flint, Michigan
Sep 17 Thomas Selfridge becomes first fatality of powered flight
Sep 18 Cleveland Indian Bob "Dusty" Rhoades no-hits Boston, 2-1
Sep 19 Gustav Mahler's 7th Symphony premieres in Prague
Sep 20 Chicago White Sox Frank Smith 2nd no-hitter, beats Philadelphia 1-0
Sep 22 Bulgaria declares independence from the Ottoman Empire (Turkey)
Sep 23 Giant Fred (Bonehead) Merkle fails to touch 2nd, causes 3rd out in 9th & disallows winning run (game ends tied, Cubs win replay & pennant)
Sep 23 University of Alberta opens
Sep 24 Robert B Rhoads becomes 1st Cleveland pitcher (Cleveland Naps) to toss a no-hit game, Cleveland 2, Boston 1
Sep 25 Cubs' Ed Reulbach becomes only pitcher to throw doubleheader shutout
Sep 26 Ed Ruelbach becomes the first person to pitch a doubleheader shutout in major league baseball
Historic Event
Sep 27 Henry Ford's first Ford Model T automobile leaves the Piquette Plant in Detroit, Michigan
Henry Ford
Ford Motor Company Founder
Henry Ford
Sep 29 Calgary Rugby Football Union forms
Theater Premiere
Sep 30 Maurice Maeterlinck's play "L'Oiseau bleu" (The Blue Bird) premieres at the Moscow Art Theatre
Maurice Maeterlinck
Author and Nobel Laureate
Maurice Maeterlinck
Oct 1 1st Dutch electric railway in use (Rotterdam-The Hague)
Ford Puts Millions in the Driving Seat
Oct 1 Henry Ford introduces the Model T car (costs $825)
The mass-produced Model T that brought motoring to the masses
Sports History
Oct 1 Future Baseball Hall of Fame pitcher Jack Chesbro records final victory for the NY Highlanders before waived and claimed by Red Sox; beats Walter Johnson and Washington Senators, 2-1
Walter Johnson
MLB Pitcher
Walter Johnson
Oct 2 Cleveland Naps and future Baseball Hall of Fame pitcher Addie Joss hurls a classic perfect game, beating Ed Walsh and the Chicago White Sox, 1-0
Historic Event
Oct 3 Pravda newspaper founded by Leon Trotsky, Adolph Joffe, Matvey Skobelev and other Russian exiles in Vienna
Leon Trotsky
Marxist Revolutionary
Leon Trotsky
Oct 5 Bulgaria declares independence from Turkey, Ferdinand I becomes Tsar
Oct 5 Chicago White Sox pitcher Ed Walsh beats Detroit Tigers, 6-1, his 40th victory of the MLB season; forces AL pennant race to the final day
Oct 6 Austria annexes Bosnia & Herzegovina
Oct 6 Tigers beat White Sox, 7-0 to win AL pennant
Oct 6 Yanks lose 100th game of year go 51-103 for season
Oct 7 Crete revolts against Turkey & aligns with Greece
Oct 7 Serbia & Montenegro sign anti-Austria-Hungarian pact
Oct 8 NY Giants set season attendance record at 910,000 (broken in 1920)
Oct 8 Chicago Cubs beat NY Giants 4-2 in a playoff to win NL pennant
Oct 14 Upset over seating arrangements at the Baseball World Series, sports reporters form a professional group that will become Baseball Writers Association of America
Oct 14 Baseball World Series: Chicago Cubs beat Detroit Tigers, 2-0 at Bennett Park, Detroit to clinch 4-1 series win; 6,210 fans is smallest crowd in WS history; Cubs retain title
Oct 16 Edmonton Rugby Foot-ball Club re-organizes as Esquimoux
Oct 18 Belgium annexes Congo Free State
Oct 20 King Leopold II sells Congo to Belgium
Oct 24 Billy Murray hits the charts with "Take Me Outto the Ball Game"
Historic Event
Oct 28 The English Newspaper the Daily Telegraph prints an interview with Germany's Emperor Wilhelm II, who characterises himself as personally friendly to Britain but suggests the German people are hostile, causing uproar in both countries
Wilhelm II
German Emperor and King of Prussia
Wilhelm II
Oct 31 IV Summer (Modern) Olympic Games close in London
Nov 3 William Howard Taft (R) elected 27th U.S. President over William Jennings Bryan (D)
Nov 4 Brooklyn Academy of Music opens in NYC
Nov 6 Leonid Andreyev's "Dui Nashey Zhizni" premieres in St Petersburg
Nov 7 Dutch capture Venezuelan navy
Nov 10 1st Gideon Bible put in a hotel room
Nov 12 Andrew Fisher assumes the position of prime minister for what turns out to be a short-lived second Labour government, Australia
Historic Event
Nov 14 Albert Einstein presents his quantum theory of light
Albert Einstein
Theoretical Physicist
Albert Einstein
Nov 14 Oscar Strauss' musical "Der tapfere Soldat" premieres in Vienna
Nov 14 Liberal candidate Jose Miguel Gomez wins national elections for president in Cuba
Nov 16 Arturo Toscanini begins conducting NY's Metropolitan Opera
Nov 22 1st US-Japanese baseball game Reach All-Americans defeat Waseda U, 5-0
Nov 25 Dorando Pietri (It) beats Johnny Hayes (US) in Madison Square Garden marathon by 60 yds
Nov 28 154 men die in coal mine explosion at Marianna, Pennsylvania
Nov 30 The US Secretary of State and Japan's ambassador to the US exchange notes in what becomes known as the Root-Takahira Agreement: they affirm support for an independent China with an 'open door' policy and for the status quo in the Pacific
Nov 30 International Lawn Tennis Challenge, Melbourne, Australia: Anthony Wilding representing Australasia beats American Fred Alexander 6-3, 6-4, 6-1 to give defending champions a 3-2 victory
Dec 2 Child Emperor Pu Yi ascends the Chinese throne at the age of two
Music Premiere
Dec 3 Edward Elgar's 1st Symphony in A performed by the Hallé Orchestra conducted by Hans Richter, premieres in Manchester, England
Edward Elgar
Composer
Edward Elgar
Dec 4 Haiti's president General Alexis Nord flees from military coup
Dec 4 The world's ten leading maritime nations attend a Naval Conference in London; they agree on rules for blockade, convoys, and seizure of contraband
Dec 5 1st US football uniform numerals used (University of Pittsburgh)
Dec 9 The German Reichstag adopts a progressive social law restricting hours of factory work by young people and women
Dec 11 Frederick Delius' orchestral work "In a Summer Garden" premieres in London
Dec 12 Australasian Championships Men's Tennis, Sydney: American Fred Alexander beats Alfred Dunlop of Australia 3-6, 3-6, 6-0, 6-2, 6-3
Dec 16 1st credit union in US forms (Manchester NH)
Historic Event
Dec 17 In Turkey the new parliament convenes with reformist Young Turks as the majority
Enver Pasha
Leader of the Ottoman Empire
Enver Pasha
Boxing Title Fight
Dec 26 African-American boxer Jack Johnson stops Canadian defending champion Tommy Burns in the 14th round in Sydney, Australia, to become the first black man to win world heavyweight title; Burns is favourite in 12th title defence but Johnson dominates before police stop the bout
Jack Johnson
World Heavyweight Boxing Champion
Jack Johnson
Tommy Burns
Boxer and World Heavyweight Champion
Tommy Burns
Dec 28 Earthquake strikes Messina in Italy, killing nearly 80,000
Dec 29 Patent granted for a 4-wheel automobile brake, Clintonville, Wisconsin
Dec 30 Stanley Cup, Montreal Arena, Westmount, Quebec: Montreal Wanderers outscore Edmonton HC, 14-9 in 2 game challenge series