The European Hazelnut,
scientifically known as Corylus avellana, is a deciduous shrub or small tree
that is native to Europe and parts of Asia. Hardy in zones 4-8.
Appearance: European Hazelnuts
typically grow to a height of 10-20 feet (3-6 meters) and can develop multiple
trunks. The leaves are heart-shaped with serrated edges and have a bright green
color. During the fall, the leaves turn yellow and provide a beautiful autumn
display.
Fruit: The fruit of the European
Hazelnut is the hazelnut or filbert. These nuts are round or oval and are
enclosed in a leafy husk. The nuts are usually about 1-2 centimeters in
diameter and have a hard shell.
Habitat: This species is commonly
found in woodlands, hedgerows, and forested areas. It prefers well-drained soil
and is often found in temperate climates.
Cultivation: European Hazelnuts
are cultivated not only for their nuts but also as ornamental plants. They can
be grown in home gardens and are valued for their tasty nuts, which are used in
a variety of culinary applications, such as baking and confectionery.
Nutrition: Hazelnuts are known
for their nutritional value. They are a good source of healthy fats, protein,
dietary fiber, and various vitamins and minerals. They are often consumed raw
or roasted and are also used in the production of hazelnut oil.
Cultural Significance: European
Hazelnuts have cultural significance in various parts of the world. In some
European countries, hazelnuts are associated with folklore and traditions.
Growing instructions for the
European hazelnut
The seeds have a period of
dormancy. They can be planted outdoors in the spring or summer and they will
germinate the next spring or they can be cold stratified to simulate winter
conditions and to break their dormancy at any time of the year. 1. Soak the seeds
in water for 24 hours. 2. Put the seeds in a ziplock bag. 3. Put the bag in the
refrigerator and leave it there for 180 days. 4. The seeds like moist,
well-drained soil. Prepare a mixture of half potting soil and half sand,
perlite or vermiculite. 5. Put the soil in a pot. 6. Sow the seeds 1 inch deep.
7. Water the soil so that it is moist but not wet. 8. When the seedlings are a
few inches tall, they can be transplanted.