BREAKING BAD - TESS HARPER as Mrs Pinkman - Personally Signed Autograph Card A18  - issued by Cryptozoic Entertainment of California in 2014. 

Tessie Jean "Tess" Harper (née Washam; born August 15, 1950) is an American actress. She was nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress for her first film role in 1983's Tender Mercies, and for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for the 1986 film Crimes of the Heart. Her other film appearances include Flashpoint (1984), Ishtar (1987), Far North (1988), and No Country for Old Men (2007). She also had a recurring role on the first three seasons of Breaking Bad (2008–2010).

Early life

Harper was born on August 15, 1950, in Mammoth Spring, Arkansas, the daughter of Rosemary (née Langston) and Ed Washam. Most members of her family were quilt makers. On her own time she liked to sit on the porch swing and read. She graduated from high school in 1968. She attended Arkansas State University-Beebe, where she performed in several plays, as well as Southwest Missouri State University (now Missouri State University) in Springfield, Missouri, where she graduated with a degree in education.

Career

Harper began acting in theater productions, theme parks (including Dogpatch, USA and Silver Dollar City), dinner theatre, and children's theatre. She had given up hopes of an acting career and was working for a financial institution in Texas. The institution wanted to produce a TV spot and asked her to be in the spot, which she accepted. In a twist of fate, a casting person with Tender Mercies had to spend the night in Dallas and saw Harper's spot on TV. She called Robert Duvall and arranged an audition. Director Bruce Beresford was impressed with Harper and cast her in the lead female role of Rosa Lee, the young widow and mother who marries country singer Mac Sledge. Beresford said that Harper brought a kind of rural quality to the role without coming across as simple or foolish. He said of Harper, "She walked into the room and even before she spoke, I thought, 'That's the girl to play the lead.'" Harper did not realize this, and recalled shortly after the film's release, "After I did the final screen test, I went to see Breaker Morant and started sobbing uncontrollably halfway through it. A friend had to take me home, and I kept crying, 'You don't understand! They're not gonna let me do this part!'"

Tender Mercies was Harper's feature film debut. She later said that she was so excited about the role that she bit her script just to make sure it was real, and she was so nervous that during her first take she feared the filmmakers would "come to their senses and say, 'We're sorry, we made a terrible mistake.'" Duvall, who played the lead role of Mac Sledge, did his best to help Harper in her first film role. During one scene in which Mac Sledge and Rosa Lee were fighting, Duvall yelled at a make-up artist in front of Harper specifically to make her angry for the scene; Duvall apologized to the make-up artist after the scene was shot. After filming, Duvall said Harper did a very good job, and he felt her rural past in Arkansas helped her in the part. She earned a Golden Globe Award nomination for the role. Duvall won the Academy Award for Best Actor for his performance.

Harper appeared in the TV mini-series Chiefs (1983) and Celebrity (1984), as well as many television movies including Starflight: The Plane That Couldn't Land (1983) and Reckless Disregard (1985). In 1983, she appeared in the full-length feature Silkwood. In 1986, Harper was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her work as Chick Boyle in Crimes of the Heart, which was directed by her Tender Mercies director Bruce Beresford. She later played parts in Ishtar (1987), Far North (1988), The Man in the Moon (1991), The Jackal (1997) and Loggerheads (2005). She also took part in Michael Jackson's Black Or White (1991) musical minifilm.

Harper had a regular role on the CBS series Christy, from 1994-95. Her roles have frequently been that of a Southern lady, although she had worked to lose her Arkansas accent. She also had a recurring role on another CBS television series, Early Edition, from 1996 to 2000. She portrayed the mother of lead character Gary Hobsen. Harper shared a Screen Actors Guild Award (in the Best Ensemble Cast category) with her fellow cast members in the Oscar-winning film No Country for Old Men, in which she played the wife of Tommy Lee Jones's character.

She had the recurring role of Mrs. Pinkman on Breaking Bad, appearing in the first three seasons.

Filmography

Film

Year	Title	Role	Notes
1983	Tender Mercies	Rosa Lee
1983	Amityville 3-D	Nancy Baxter
1983	Silkwood	Linda Dawson
1984	Flashpoint	Ellen
1986	Crimes of the Heart	Chick Boyle
1987	Ishtar	Willa
1988	Far North	Rita
1988	Criminal Law	Det. Stillwell
1989	Her Alibi	Sally Blackwood
1990	Daddy's Dyin': Who's Got the Will?	Sara Lee Turnover
1991	My Heroes Have Always Been Cowboys	Cheryl
1991	The Man in the Moon	Abigail Trant
1991	Pretty Hattie's Baby	Maya
1992	The Turning	Martha Harnish
1992	My New Gun	Kimmy Hayes
1996	Dirty Laundry	Beth Greene
1997	The Jackal	The First Lady
2000	The In Crowd	Dr. Amanda Giles
2001	The Rising Place	Rebecca Hodge
2001	Morning	Margaret
2003	Studio City	Linda Little	Short
2005	Loggerheads	Elizabeth
2005	Jesus, Mary and Joey	Liz O'Callahan
2006	Karla	Molly Czehowicz
2006	Jam	Ruby
2006	Broken Bridges	Dixie Rose Delton
2006	Broken	Clare
2007	No Country for Old Men	Loretta Bell
2007	Kiss the Bride	Barbara
2007	Saving Sarah Cain	Miriam Esh
2009	Fatal Secrets	Naomi
2013	Sunlight Jr.	Kathleen
2014	Hello, My Name Is Frank	Aunt Flossie
2014	Frank	Frank's mom
2015	Surprise	Linda	Short
2015	The Perfect Guy	Mrs. McCarthy
2018	Burden	Hazel
2019	El Camino: A Breaking Bad Movie	Diane Pinkman
2020	The Evening Hour	Dorothy Freeman	Post-production

Television

Year	Title	Role	Notes
1983	Kentucky Woman	Lorna Whateley	TV film
1983	Starflight: The Plane That Couldn't Land	Janet Briggs	TV film
1983	Chiefs	Carrie Lee	TV miniseries
1984	Celebrity	Susan French	TV miniseries
1985	A Summer to Remember	Jeannie Wyler	TV film
1985	Promises to Keep	Gwen Palmer	TV film
1986	The Twilight Zone	Sarah	"Quarantine"
1986	Reckless Disregard	Meredith Craig	TV film
1987	Murder, She Wrote	Irene Rutledge	"Simon Says, Color Me Dead"
1987	L.A. Law	Patricia Pittman	"Sparky Brackman R.I.P. ????-1987"
1987	Daddy	Ann Burnette	TV film
1988	Little Girl Lost	Clara Brady	TV film
1989	Unconquered	Mary Flowers	TV film
1989	Incident at Dark River	Betty McFall	TV film
1990	Thirtysomething	Deborah	"Post-Op"
1992	In the Line of Duty: Siege at Marion	Vickie Singer	TV film
1992	Willing to Kill: The Texas Cheerleader Story	Verna Heath	TV film
1993	The Hidden Room	Dede	"After the Crash"
1994–95	Christy	Fairlight Spencer	Main role
1995	Death in Small Doses	Asst. D.A. Jerri Sims	TV film
1996	The Road to Galveston	Julia Archer	TV film
1996	A Stranger to Love	Linda Grant	TV film
1997	The Killing Secret	Tina De Capprio	TV film
1997	Grace Under Fire	Joan	"Matthew's Old Lady"
1997	A Child's Wish	Joanna Chandler	TV film
1997	Gun	Virginia	"Ricochet"
1997	Walker, Texas Ranger	Katie Malloy	"Sons of Thunder"
1997	Cracker	Lea Ann Garner	"An American Dream"
1998–00	Early Edition	Lois Hobson	Recurring role
1999	Beyond the Prairie	Narrator / Older Laura Ingalls Wilder	TV film
2000	Touched by an Angel	Betsy Baxter	"The Empty Chair"
2001	CSI: Crime Scene Investigation	Julia Barrett	"Bully for You"
2002	Beyond the Prairie, Part 2	Narrator / Older Laura Ingalls Wilder	TV film
2003	The Division	Polly Danko	"Oh Mother, Who Art Thou?"
2004	One Tree Hill	May Scott	"Crash Course in Polite Conversations"
2004	Jack & Bobby	Karen Carmichael	"Pilot", "An Innocent Man"
2004	Angel in the Family	Mrs. Nelly Tomkins	TV film
2005	Judging Amy	Barbara Nissman	"Sorry I Missed You"
2007	Without a Trace	Mrs. Spade	"At Rest"
2007	Brothers & Sisters	Beth Ridge	"History Repeating"
2007	Judy's Got a Gun	Susan Lemen	TV film
2008	Ghost Whisperer	Ellen Wilkins	"Stranglehold"
2008–10	Breaking Bad	Diane Pinkman	Recurring role
2009	Law & Order: Special Victims Unit	Mrs. Hallander	"Stranger"
2009	Cold Case	Sharon Lertola	"November 22"
2009	Crash	Wendy Olinville	Recurring role
2010	Proposition 8 Trial Re-Enactment	Sandy Stier	TV documentary
2010	Grey's Anatomy	Pam Nelson	"Perfect Little Accident"
2010	In Plain Sight	A.U.S.A. Rolly	"Coma Chameleon"
2011	Private Practice	Augusta King	"Something Old, Something New"
2011	A Christmas Wish	Trudy Willis	TV film
2012	Revenge	Carole Miller	"Absolution", "Grief"
2012	The Christmas Heart	Elizabeth	TV film
2014	True Detective	Mrs. Kelly	"Seeing Things"
2014	Nikki & Nora: The N&N Files	Mary Delaney	"1.5", "1.7"
2015	Criminal Minds	Dinah Troy	"Rock Creek Park"
2019	How to Get Away with Murder	Sheila Miller	"We Know Everything"

Awards and nominations

Year	Association	Category	Nominated work	Result
1984	Golden Globe Award	Best Performance by an Actress in a Supporting Role in a Motion Picture	Tender Mercies	Nominated
1987	Academy Awards	Best Actress in a Supporting Role	Crimes of the Heart	Nominated
1994	CableACE Award	Actress in a Dramatic Series	The Hidden Room	Nominated
2004	Method Fest	Best Actress in a Short Film	Lonely Place	Won
2007	National Board of Review	Best Acting by an Ensemble	No Country for Old Men	Won
2008	Screen Actors Guild Award	Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture	No Country for Old Men	Won
2008	Gold Derby Awards	Ensemble Cast	No Country for Old Men	Won
2011	California Independent Film Festival	Lifetime Achievement Award		Won

Breaking Bad is an American neo-Western crime drama television series created and produced by Vince Gilligan. The show originally aired on AMC for five seasons, from January 20, 2008 to September 29, 2013. Set and filmed in Albuquerque, New Mexico, the series tells the story of Walter White (Bryan Cranston), a struggling and depressed high school chemistry teacher who is diagnosed with stage-3 lung cancer. Together with his former student Jesse Pinkman (Aaron Paul), White turns to a life of crime by producing and selling crystallized methamphetamine to secure his family's financial future before he dies, while navigating the dangers of the criminal world. The title comes from the Southern colloquialism "breaking bad" which means to "raise hell" or turn to a life of crime.

Walter's family consists of his wife Skyler (Anna Gunn), son Walter, Jr. (RJ Mitte), and daughter Holly (Elanor Anne Wenrich). The show also features Skyler's sister Marie Schrader (Betsy Brandt) and her husband Hank (Dean Norris), a DEA agent. Walter hires lawyer Saul Goodman (Bob Odenkirk), who connects him with private investigator and fixer Mike Ehrmantraut (Jonathan Banks) and in turn Mike's employer, drug kingpin Gus Fring (Giancarlo Esposito). The final season introduces the characters Todd Alquist (Jesse Plemons) and Lydia Rodarte-Quayle (Laura Fraser).

Breaking Bad is widely regarded as one of the greatest television series of all time. By the time the series finale aired, it was among the most-watched cable shows on American television. The show received numerous awards, including 16 Primetime Emmy Awards, eight Satellite Awards, two Golden Globe Awards, two Peabody Awards, two Critics' Choice Awards and four Television Critics Association Awards. For his leading performance, Cranston won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series four times, while Aaron Paul won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series three times; Anna Gunn won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series twice. In 2013, Breaking Bad entered the Guinness World Records as the most critically acclaimed show of all time.

A spin-off prequel series, Better Call Saul, starring Bob Odenkirk and Jonathan Banks, debuted on February 8, 2015, on AMC. In November 2018, a spin-off film was announced to be in development.

Premise

Set in Albuquerque, New Mexico between 2008 and 2010, Breaking Bad follows Walter White as he is transformed from a meek high school science teacher who wants to provide for his family after learning he has terminal cancer into a ruthless player in the local methamphetamine drug trade. Initially making only small batches of meth with his former student Jesse Pinkman, Walter and Jesse eventually expand to make larger batches of a special blue meth that is incredibly pure and creates high demand. Walter takes on the name "Heisenberg" to mask his identity. Because of his drug-related activities, Walt eventually finds himself at odds with his family, the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) through his brother-in-law Hank Schrader, the local gangs, and the Mexican drug cartels and their regional distributors, putting his life at risk.

Production

Conception

Breaking Bad was created by Vince Gilligan, who spent several years writing the Fox series The X-Files. Gilligan wanted to create a series in which the protagonist became the antagonist. "Television is historically good at keeping its characters in a self-imposed stasis so that shows can go on for years or even decades," he said. "When I realized this, the logical next step was to think, how can I do a show in which the fundamental drive is toward change?" He added that his goal with Walter White was to turn him from Mr. Chips into Scarface.

The show title is a Southern colloquialism meaning, among other things, "raising hell", and was chosen by Gilligan to describe Walter's transformation. According to Time entertainment editor Lily Rothman, the term has a broader meaning and is an old phrase which "connotes more violence than 'raising hell' does... [T]he words possess a wide variety of nuances: to 'break bad' can mean to 'go wild', to 'defy authority', and break the law, to be verbally 'combative, belligerent, or threatening' or, followed by the preposition 'on', 'to dominate or humiliate'."

The concept emerged as Gilligan talked with his fellow writer Thomas Schnauz regarding their current unemployment and joked that the solution was for them to put a "meth lab in the back of an RV and [drive] around the country cooking meth and making money".

While still pitching the show to studios, Gilligan was initially discouraged when he learned of the existing series Weeds and its similarities to the premise of Breaking Bad. While his producers convinced him that the show was different enough to still be successful, he later stated that he would not have gone forward with the idea had he known about Weeds earlier.

Development history

The network ordered nine episodes for the first season (including the pilot), but the 2007–08 Writers Guild of America strike limited the production to seven episodes. The initial versions of the script were set in Riverside, California, but at the suggestion of Sony, Albuquerque was chosen for the production's location due to the favorable financial conditions offered by the state of New Mexico. Once Gilligan recognized that this would mean "we'd always have to be avoiding the Sandia Mountains" in shots directed toward the east, the story setting was changed to the actual production location. It was shot primarily on 35 mm film, with digital cameras employed as needed for additional angles, point of view shots and time-lapse photography. Breaking Bad cost $3 million per episode to produce, higher than the average cost for a basic cable program.

Before the series finale, Gilligan said that it was difficult to write for Walter White because the character was so dark and morally questionable: "I'm going to miss the show when it's over, but on some level, it'll be a relief to not have Walt in my head anymore." Gilligan later said the idea for Walter's character intrigued him so much that he "didn't really give much thought on how well it would sell", stating that he would have given up on the premise since it was "such an odd, dark story" that could have difficulties being pitched to studios.

As the series progressed, Gilligan and the writing staff of Breaking Bad made Walter increasingly unsympathetic. Gilligan said during the run of the series, "He's going from being a protagonist to an antagonist. We want to make people question who they're pulling for, and why." Cranston said by the fourth season, "I think Walt's figured out it's better to be a pursuer than the pursued. He's well on his way to badass."

In July 2011, Vince Gilligan indicated that he intended to conclude Breaking Bad at the end of its fifth season. In early August 2011, negotiations began over a deal regarding the fifth and possible final season between the network AMC and Sony Pictures Television, the production company of the series. AMC proposed a shortened fifth season (six to eight episodes, instead of 13) to cut costs, but the producers declined. Sony then approached other cable networks about possibly picking up the show if a deal could not be made. On August 14, 2011, AMC renewed the series for a fifth and final season consisting of 16 episodes.

Gilligan thanked the on-demand video service Netflix at the Emmy Awards in September 2013 for the popularity of the series, saying that Netflix "kept us on the air".

Breaking Bad creator Vince Gilligan cast Bryan Cranston for the role of Walter White based on having worked with him in an episode of the science fiction television series The X-Files, on which Gilligan worked as a writer. Cranston played an anti-Semite with a terminal illness who took series co-protagonist Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) hostage. Gilligan said the character had to be simultaneously loathsome and sympathetic, and that "Bryan alone was the only actor who could do that, who could pull off that trick. And it is a trick. I have no idea how he does it." AMC officials, who were initially reluctant with the casting choice, having known Cranston only as the over-the-top character Hal on the comedy series Malcolm in the Middle approached actors John Cusack and Matthew Broderick about the role. When both actors declined, the executives were persuaded to cast Cranston after seeing his X-Files episode.

Cranston contributed significantly to the formation and development of the Walter White persona. When Gilligan left much of Walter's past unexplained during the development of the series, the actor wrote his own backstory for the character. At the start of the show, Cranston gained 10 pounds to reflect the character's personal decline and had the natural red highlights of his hair dyed a regular brown. He collaborated with costume designer Kathleen Detoro on a wardrobe of mostly neutral green and brown colors to make the character bland and unremarkable, and worked with makeup artist Frieda Valenzuela to create a mustache he described as "impotent" and like a "dead caterpillar". Cranston repeatedly identified elements in certain scripts where he disagreed with how the character was handled, and went so far as to call Gilligan directly when he could not work out disagreements with the episode's screenwriters. Cranston has said he was inspired partially by his elderly father for how Walter carries himself physically, which he described as "a little hunched over, never erect, [as if] the weight of the world is on this man's shoulders." In contrast to his character, Cranston has been described as extremely playful on set, with Aaron Paul describing him as "a kid trapped in a man's body".

Gilligan originally intended for Aaron Paul's character, Jesse Pinkman, to be killed at the end of Breaking Bad's first season in a botched drug deal as a plot device to plague Walter White with guilt. However, Gilligan said by the second episode of the season, he was so impressed with Paul's performance that "it became pretty clear early on that would be a huge, colossal mistake, to kill off Jesse".

Scientific accuracy

Donna Nelson, a professor of organic chemistry at the University of Oklahoma, checked scripts and provided dialogue. She also drew chemical structures and wrote chemical equations which were used as props. According to creator Vince Gilligan,

Dr. Donna Nelson from the University of Oklahoma approached us several seasons back and said, "I really like this show, and if you ever need help with the chemistry, I'd love to lend a hand." She's been a wonderful advisor. We get help wherever we need it, whether it's chemistry, electrical engineering, or physics. We try to get everything correct. There's no full-time [advisor] on set, but we run certain scenes by these experts first.

"Because Walter White was talking to his students, I was able to dumb down certain moments of description and dialogue in the early episodes which held me until we had some help from some honest-to-God chemists," says Gilligan. According to Gilligan, Nelson "vets our scripts to make sure our chemistry dialogue is accurate and up to date. We also have a chemist with the Drug Enforcement Administration based out of Dallas who has just been hugely helpful to us." Nelson spoke of Gilligan's interest in having the science right: "He said it made a difference to him."

In 2013, two scenes from the first season of Breaking Bad were put under scrutiny in a Mythbusters Breaking Bad Special. Despite several modifications to what was seen in the show, both the scenes depicted in the show were shown to be physically impossible. In the "Crazy Handful of Nothin'" episode, Walt produces a batch of fulminated mercury, in crystalline form, and threatens to raze Tuco Salamanca's office to the ground. Although the compound is unstable, MythBusters has shown that Walt would have needed a much greater quantity of the compound along with a much faster throwing velocity, and that he and everyone else would have died from the concussive blast.

Jason Wallach of Vice magazine commended the accuracy of the cooking methods presented in the series. In early episodes, a once common clandestine route, the Nagai red phosphorus/iodine method, is depicted, which uses pseudoephedrine as a precursor to d-(+)-methamphetamine. By the season 1 finale, Walt chooses to use a different synthetic route based on the difficulty of acquiring enough pseudoephedrine to produce on the larger scale required. The new method Walt chooses is a reductive amination reaction, relying on phenyl-2-propanone and methylamine. On the show, the phenyl-2-propanone (otherwise known as phenylacetone or P2P) is produced from phenylacetic acid and acetic acid using a tube furnace and thorium dioxide (ThO₂) as a catalyst, as mentioned in episodes "A No Rough-Stuff-Type Deal" and "Más". P2P and methylamine form an imine intermediate; reduction of this P2P-methylamine imine intermediate is performed using mercury aluminium amalgam, as shown in several episodes including "Hazard Pay".

One of the important plot points in the series is that the crystal meth Walter "cooks" has very long crystals, is very pure, and (despite its purity) has a strong cyan blue color. Truly ultra-pure crystal meth would tend to be clear or white.

In their article "Die Chemie bei Breaking Bad" on Chemie in unserer Zeit (translated into English on ChemistryViews as "The Chemistry of 'Breaking Bad'"), Tunga Salthammer and Falk Harnish discuss the plausibility of the chemistry portrayed in certain scenes. According to the two, chemistry is clearly depicted as a manufacturing science without much explanation of analytical methods being provided. On the other hand, serious scientific subjects are mixed into the dialogue in order to show a world where chemistry plays a key role.

Technical aspects

Michael Slovis was the cinematographer of Breaking Bad beginning with the second season and he received critical acclaim for his work throughout the series. Critics appreciated the bold visual style adopted by the TV series. Although series creator Vince Gilligan and Slovis wanted to shoot Breaking Bad in cinemascope, Sony and AMC did not grant them permission. Gilligan cited Sergio Leone's Westerns as a reference for how he wanted the series to look. For his work, he received four Primetime Emmy Award nominations for Outstanding Cinematography for a One Hour Series and Outstanding Cinematography for a Single-Camera Series.

Kelley Dixon was one of the editors of Breaking Bad and edited many of the series' "meth montages". For the montages, she would use techniques such as jump cuts and alternating the speed of the film, either faster or slower. For her work, she received six Primetime Emmy Award nominations for Outstanding Single-Camera Picture Editing for a Drama Series and won the award in 2013.

Main characters

• Bryan Cranston as Walter White– a chemistry teacher diagnosed with Stage IIIA lung cancer who turns to making meth to secure his family's finances. As his shady business progresses, Walter gains a notorious reputation under the name of "Heisenberg". Cranston stated that, though he enjoyed doing comedy, he decided he

  ... should really focus on doing something else. But I think any good drama worth its weight always has a sprinkling of comedy in it, because you can ease the tension to an audience when it's necessary, and then build it back up again. Walt White has no clue he's occasionally funny, but as an actor, I recognize when there are comedic moments and opportunities.

• Anna Gunn as Skyler White– Walter's wife who was pregnant with their second child before his diagnosis and who becomes increasingly suspicious of her husband after he begins behaving in unfamiliar ways. Gunn sees Skyler as "grounded, tough, smart and driven". Gunn sees Skyler's stalled writing career as her biggest dream, saying, "I think she really deep down yearns to be an artist and to be creative and productive."

• Aaron Paul as Jesse Pinkman– Walter's cooking partner and former student. Paul sees Jesse as a funny kid. "He's just this lost soul– I don't think he's a bad kid, he just got mixed in the wrong crowd." Paul elaborated on the character's background, saying, "He doesn't come from an abusive, alcoholic background. But maybe he just didn't relate to his father, maybe his father was too strict and too proper for Jesse." Paul compared the character's relationship with Walt to The Odd Couple.

• Dean Norris as Hank Schrader– Marie's husband, Walter and Skyler's brother-in-law and a DEA agent. At the beginning of the series, Hank was intended to be the "comic relief". Norris, who has played several policemen before in film and television, stated:

  Having played so many cops, I've talked with a lot of technical advisers, so I've been able to pick up a lot. Coincidentally, one of my best friends growing up is a cop in Chicago, and one of my other best friends out in LA is a sheriff. So I get to see all the components of that culture.

• Betsy Brandt as Marie Schrader– Skyler's sister and Hank's kleptomaniac wife. Brandt described Marie as "an unpleasant bitch", but also stated there was more to her than that. "I think we're seeing more of it now that she would be there for her family. But it's all about her."

• RJ Mitte as Walter White, Jr.– Walter and Skyler's son, who has cerebral palsy. He begins lashing out after Walter's cancer announcement. Like Walter Jr., Mitte has cerebral palsy, although his is a milder form. Mitte stated he had to regress from his therapy to portray the character, staying up late into the night to slur his speech and learning to walk on crutches so his walking would not look fake.

• Bob Odenkirk as Saul Goodman (recurring season 2, main cast season 3–5)– a crooked strip mall lawyer who represents Walt and Jesse. Odenkirk drew inspiration for Goodman from film producer Robert Evans.

  I thought about Robert Evans because I've listened to The Kid Stays in the Picture on CD. He's constantly switching up his cadence and his delivery. He emphasizes interesting words. He has loads of attitude in almost every line that he says. So when I rehearse the scenes alone I do my impersonation of Robert Evans to find those moments and turns. Then I go out and I do Saul.

• Giancarlo Esposito as Gustavo "Gus" Fring (recurring season 2, main cast season 3–4)– a Chilean high-level drug distributor who has a cover as an owner of the fast food chain Los Pollos Hermanos. Esposito stated that for the third season, he incorporated his yoga training in his performance.

  Gus is the coolest cucumber that ever walked the Earth. I think about Eddie Olmos way back in Miami Vice. He was like dead– he was hardly breathing. I thought, how is this guy just standing in this fire and doing nothing? Gus has totally allowed me that level of flexibility and relaxation– not because he has ultimate power and he knows he can take someone's life. He's just confident.

• Jonathan Banks as Mike Ehrmantraut (guest star season 2, main cast season 3–5: part 1)– works for Gus as an all-purpose cleaner and hitman, and also works for Saul as a private investigator. The character of Mike has been compared to Harvey Keitel's Winston Wolf character in Pulp Fiction, which Banks says he is not trying to emulate: "I immediately tried to put it out of my mind, quite honestly. His cleaner ain't my cleaner. But throughout this world, you would suspect there had been a great many cleaners, whether government-run or individual contractors."

• Laura Fraser as Lydia Rodarte-Quayle (recurring season 5: part 1, main cast season 5: part 2)– a high-ranking employee of Madrigal Electromotive and a former associate of Gus Fring. She reluctantly begins supplying Walt and Jesse with methylamine and helps Walt expand his operation overseas.

• Jesse Plemons as Todd Alquist (recurring season 5: part 1, main cast season 5: part 2)– an employee of Vamonos Pest Control who becomes an associate of Walt and Jesse.

Recurring characters

• Steven Michael Quezada as Steven "Gomey" Gomez– Hank's DEA partner and best friend who assists in tracking down and learning the identity of Heisenberg. In comical situations between him and Hank, Gomez serves as the "straight man".

• Matt L. Jones as Brandon "Badger" Mayhew– Jesse's dimwitted friend and junkie, who often serves as the series' comic relief.

• Charles Baker as Skinny Pete– A friend of Jesse and a fellow pusher.

• Rodney Rush as Christian "Combo" Ortega– Also a friend of Jesse and a fellow pusher.

• Jessica Hecht and Adam Godley as Gretchen and Elliott Schwartz– Co-owners of Gray Matter, a company that they co-founded alongside Walter, who left the business prior to its major success. Gretchen was a former flame of Walt's and partially the reason he left.

• Raymond Cruz as Tuco Salamanca– A psychopathic Mexican drug kingpin who becomes Walt and Jesse's meth distributor.

• Mark Margolis as Hector Salamanca– A former high-ranking member of the Juarez Cartel who is now unable to walk or speak because of a stroke, communicating with the help of a bell. He is the uncle of Tuco, Marco, and Leonel Salamanca.

• Christopher Cousins as Ted Beneke– Skyler's boss and president of Beneke Fabricators who begins developing financial issues, resulting in an intervention from Skyler.

• Krysten Ritter as Jane Margolis– Jesse's apartment manager and girlfriend, who is a recovering addict.

• John de Lancie as Donald Margolis– Jane Margolis' father, an air traffic controller who causes an airplane collision while being distraught over his daughter's death.

• David Costabile as Gale Boetticher– A chemist hired by Gus Fring to work alongside Walter.

• Daniel Moncada and Luis Moncada as Leonel and Marco Salamanca– Two ruthless and taciturn hit-men for the Juarez Cartel who are the cousins of Tuco Salamanca and the nephews of Hector Salamanca.

• Emily Rios as Andrea Cantillo– Jesse's second girlfriend, who is also a recovering addict. She has a young son named Brock.

• Jeremiah Bitsui as Victor– A loyal henchman to Gus who serves as his enforcer along with Mike.

• Ray Campbell as Tyrus Kitt– Gus's enforcer along with Mike during season 4.

• Lavell Crawford as Huell Babineaux– Saul's bodyguard who also handles problems Walter needs fixing.

• Tina Parker as Francesca Liddy– Saul Goodman's receptionist.

• Bill Burr as Patrick Kuby– A hired con man of Saul's who handles various sensitive tasks involving verbal intimidation, coercion, and misdirection.

• Michael Bowen as Jack Welker– Todd's uncle and the leader of a white supremacist gang.

• Kevin Rankin as Kenny– Jack's second in command.

Special guest appearances

• Danny Trejo as Tortuga– A Mexican cartel member and DEA informant.

• DJ Qualls as Getz– An Albuquerque police officer who brings Badger into police custody, prompting Walt to turn to Saul Goodman.

• Jim Beaver as Lawson– An Albuquerque arms dealer who obtains several guns for Walt.

• Steven Bauer as Don Eladio Vuente– The leader of the Juarez Cartel who has a history with Gus.

• Robert Forster as Ed– A vacuum cleaner repairman whose undercover business is a new identity specialist.

• Charlie Rose as himself.

Themes and symbols

Moral consequences

In an interview with The New York Times, creator Vince Gilligan said the larger lesson of the series is that "actions have consequences". He elaborated on the show's philosophy:

If religion is a reaction of man, and nothing more, it seems to me that it represents a human desire for wrongdoers to be punished. I hate the idea of Idi Amin living in Saudi Arabia for the last 25 years of his life. That galls me to no end. I feel some sort of need for Biblical atonement, or justice, or something. I like to believe there is some comeuppance, that karma kicks in at some point, even if it takes years or decades to happen. My girlfriend says this great thing that's become my philosophy as well. 'I want to believe there's a heaven. But I can't not believe there's a hell.'

In a piece comparing the show to The Sopranos, Mad Men and The Wire, Chuck Klosterman said that Breaking Bad is "built on the uncomfortable premise that there's an irrefutable difference between what's right and what's wrong, and it's the only one where the characters have real control over how they choose to live". Klosterman added that the central question of Breaking Bad is: "What makes a man 'bad'– his actions, his motives, or his conscious decision to be a bad person?" Klosterman concluded that, in the world of Breaking Bad, "goodness and badness are simply complicated choices, no different than anything else".

Ross Douthat of The New York Times, in a response to Klosterman's piece, compared Breaking Bad and The Sopranos, stating that both series are "morality plays" that are "both interested in moral agency". Douthat went on to say that Walter White and Tony Soprano "represent mirror-image takes on the problem of evil, damnation, and free will". Walter is a man who "deliberately abandons the light for the darkness" while Tony is "someone born and raised in darkness" who turns down "opportunity after opportunity to claw his way upward to the light".

Devotion to family

The show explores most of the main characters' connections to their families in great detail. Walt justifies his decision to cook crystal meth and become a criminal because of his desire to provide for his family. In the third season he tries to exit the business because it has driven Skyler to leave him. Gus convinces him to stay, telling him it is a man's job to provide for his family, even if he is unloved. In the final episode of the series, however, Walt finally admits to Skyler that the main motivation for his endeavors in the meth business was his own interest, in spite of secretly securing the $9.72 million he had managed to salvage for her and the children. Jesse's loneliness in the early seasons of the show can be partly explained by his parents' decision to kick him out of their home due to his drug-related activities. This parental disconnect brings him closer to Jane, whose father berates her for her drug use. When Walt crosses paths with Jane's father, Walt refers to Jesse as his nephew and laments the fact that he cannot get through to him. Jane's father responds by telling him to keep trying, saying "Family. You can't give up on them, ever. What else is there?" Jane's subsequent death, which Walt purposefully did not prevent, is a major factor in her father causing the airliner crash at the end of the second season.

Even the show's more hardened characters maintain ties to family. In the second season, Tuco Salamanca spends time caring for his physically disabled uncle, Hector. When Tuco is killed by Hank, his cousins vow revenge. Their actions are further explained in a flashback, where Hector explains to the brothers that "La familia es todo" ("Family is everything"). Gustavo Fring's franchise Los Pollos Hermanos translates to "The Chicken Brothers". This refers to the fact that the company was co-founded by Gus and a man named Max, with whom he shared a close personal connection. When Max is killed by Hector Salamanca, Gus vows to destroy the Salamanca family. In the first part of the fifth season, it is explained that Mike Ehrmantraut's intentions for being in this business were to provide for his granddaughter's future, and by his final episode he is conflicted when having to leave her in a park by herself once he has been warned that the police are onto him. During the second part of the fifth season, white supremacist Jack Welker says "don't skimp on family", and he lets Walt live after capturing him in the desert because of love for his nephew Todd Alquist, who has great respect for Walt. Lydia Rodarte-Quayle repeatedly demands that if Mike insists on killing her, that he leave her in her apartment so her daughter can find her, fearful she will think Lydia abandoned her. Much like Walt and Mike, Lydia seems to engage in the meth business in order to provide for her daughter, with actress Laura Fraser stating in an interview that Lydia's daughter is important to how "Lydia justified what she did to herself".

Pink teddy bear

A motif within the second season is the image of a damaged teddy bear and its missing eye. The teddy bear first appears at the end of the music video "Fallacies" for Jesse's band "TwaüghtHammër", which was released as a webisode in February 2009 leading to the second season. The teddy bear can also be spotted on the mural on Jane's bedroom wall during the final episode of the second season, further connecting the crash to Jane. It is seen in flashforwards during four episodes, the titles of which, when put together in order, form the sentence "Seven Thirty-Seven down over ABQ". The flashforwards are shot in black and white, with the sole exception of the pink teddy bear, which is an homage to the film Schindler's List, in which the color red is used to distinguish a little girl in a coat. At the end of the season, Walter indirectly helps cause the midair collision of two airplanes; the pink teddy bear is then revealed to have fallen out of one of the planes and into the Whites' swimming pool. Vince Gilligan called the plane accident an attempt to visualize "all the terrible grief that Walt has wrought upon his loved ones" and "the judgment of God".

In the first episode of the third season, Walt finds the teddy bear's missing eye in the pool filter. Television critic Myles McNutt has called it "a symbol of the damage [Walter] feels responsible for", and The A.V. Club commented that "the pink teddy bear continues to accuse". Fans and critics have compared the appearance of the teddy bear's face to an image of Gus Fring's face in the fourth-season finale.

The teddy bear was auctioned off, among other memorabilia, on September 29, 2013, the air date of the show finale.

Walt Whitman

Walter White's name is reminiscent of the poet Walt Whitman. During the series, Gale Boetticher gives Walt a copy of Whitman's Leaves of Grass. Prior to giving this gift, Boetticher recites "When I Heard the Learn'd Astronomer". In the episode "Bullet Points", Hank finds the initials W.W. written in Boetticher's notes, and jokes with Walt that they are his initials, although Walt indicates that they must refer to Whitman.

In the episode "Hazard Pay", Walt finds the copy of Leaves of Grass as he is packing up his bedroom, briefly smiles and leaves it out to read. This occurs at an especially high point in his life, where he feels that things are coming together and he is succeeding in all his ventures. A poem in the book, "Song of Myself", is based on many of these same feelings, furthering the connection between Walt's life and Whitman's poetry. The mid-season finale of season five, "Gliding Over All", is titled after poem 271 of Leaves of Grass. In the episode, Hank finds Leaves of Grass in Walt's bathroom and opens it to the cover page, where he reads the hand-written inscription: "To my other favorite W.W. It's an honour working with you. Fondly G.B." Upon reading this, Hank becomes visibly shocked, realizing the truth about Walter for the first time, which provides the opening premise for the second half of the final season.