Ingoushka Pitt (née Petrov; 21 November 1937 – 23 November 2010), known professionally as Ingrid Pitt, was a Polish-British actress, author, and writer best known for her work in horror films of the 1960s and 1970s.

Early life

Ingoushka Petrov was born in Warsaw, Poland, to a father of Russian and German descent and a Polish Jewish mother. During World War II, she and her family were imprisoned in Stutthof concentration camp in Sztutowo, Free City of Danzig (present-day Nowy Dwór Gdański County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland). She survived, and in Berlin, in the 1950s, married an American soldier, Laud Roland Pitt Jr., and moved to California. After her marriage failed she returned to Europe, but after a small role in a film, she took the shortened stage name "Ingrid Pitt" and headed to Hollywood, where she worked as a waitress while trying to make a career in films.

Nazi German Stutthof Concentration Camp, near Danzig (present-day Gdansk), Poland, where Holocaust survivor Ingrid Pitt and her family were detained for three years, and later escaped. It is now a memorial museum.

Acting career

In the early 1960s, Pitt was a member of the prestigious Berliner Ensemble, under the guidance of Bertolt Brecht's widow Helene Weigel. In 1965, she made her film debut in Doctor Zhivago, playing a minor role. In 1968, she co-starred in the low-budget science-fiction film The Omegans, and in the same year, played British spy Heidi Schmidt in Where Eagles Dare opposite Richard Burton and Clint Eastwood.

Ingrid Pitt appeared as Queen Galleia of Atlantis in The Time Monster, which was the fifth serial of the ninth season of Doctor Who, broadcast in six weekly parts, from 20 May and 24 June 1972. She returned to Doctor Who as Dr Solow in Warriors of the Deep, which was the first serial of the 21st season of the show, broadcast in four twice-weekly parts from 5 January to 13 January 1984. Pitt also appears in the second broadcast episode of the short-lived cult ITC series The Zoo Gang, "Mindless Murder" (12 April 1974).

Her work with Hammer Film Productions elevated her to cult figure status. She starred as Carmilla/Mircalla in The Vampire Lovers (1970), based on Joseph Sheridan Le Fanu's novella Carmilla, and played the title role in Countess Dracula (1971), based on the legends about Countess Elizabeth Báthory. Pitt also appeared in the Amicus horror anthology film The House That Dripped Blood (1971) and had a small part in The Wicker Man (1973).

In the mid-1970s, she appeared on the judging panel of the British ITV talent show New Faces.

During the 1980s, Pitt returned to mainstream films and television. Her role as Fraulein Baum in the 1981 BBC Playhouse Unity, who is denounced as a Jew by Unity Mitford (Lesley-Anne Down), was uncomfortably close to her real-life experiences. Her popularity with horror film buffs had her in demand for guest appearances at horror conventions and film festivals. Other films in which Pitt has appeared outside the horror genre are: Who Dares Wins (or The Final Option), Wild Geese II, and Hanna's War. Generally cast as a villainess, her characters often died horribly at the end of the final reel. "Being the anti-hero is great – they are always roles you can get your teeth into."

At this time, the theatre world also beckoned. Pitt founded her own theatrical touring company and starred in successful productions of Dial M for Murder, Duty Free (or Don't Bother to Dress), and Woman of Straw. She also appeared in many TV shows in the United Kingdom and the U.S.; among them Ironside, Dundee and the Culhane, and Smiley's People.

In 1998, Pitt narrated Cradle of Filth's Cruelty and the Beast album, although her narration was done strictly in-character as the Countess Elizabeth Báthory, as she portrayed in Countess Dracula.

In 2000, Pitt made her return to the big screen in The Asylum, starring Colin Baker and Patrick Mower and directed by John Stewart. In 2003, Pitt voiced the role of Lady Violator in Renga Media's production Dominator. The film was the UK's first computer-generated imagery animated film.

After a period of illness, Pitt returned to the screen in 2006 for the Hammer Films-Mario Bava tribute, Sea of Dust.

Ingrid Pitt's first book, after a number of ill-fated tracts on the plight of Native Americans, was the 1980 novel, Cuckoo Run, a spy story about mistaken identity. "I took it to Cubby Broccoli. It was about a woman called Nina Dalton who is pursued across South America in the mistaken belief that she is a spy. Cubby said it was a female Bond. He was being very kind."

This was followed in 1984 by a novelisation of the Peron era in Argentina (The Perons), where she lived for a number of years: "Argentina was a wild frontier country ruled by a berserk military dictatorship at the time. It just suited my mood."

In 1984, Pitt and her husband Tony Rudlin were commissioned to script a Doctor Who adventure. The story, entitled The Macro Men, was one of a number of ideas submitted by the couple after she appeared in the season-21 story arc Warriors of the Deep (1984). The plot concerned events surrounding the Philadelphia Experiment—the urban legend about a U.S. Navy experiment during World War II to try to make the USS Eldridge destroyer escort invisible to radar. Pitt and Rudlin had read it in The Philadelphia Experiment - Project Invisibility (1979) by paranormal writer Charles Berlitz, grandson of the founder of the Berlitz language schools. It involved the Doctor (Colin Baker) and companion Peri (Nicola Bryant) arriving on board the ship in 1943 in the Philadelphia Naval Shipyard and becoming involved in a battle against microscopic humanoid creatures native to Earth, but previously unknown to humankind. The couple had several meetings with script editor Eric Saward and carried out numerous revisions, but the story progressed no further than the preparation of a draft first-episode script under the new title "The Macros". The story was released in June 2010 by Big Finish Productions as The Macros in their Doctor Who: The Lost Stories audios, five months before Pitt's death.

In 1999, her autobiography, Life's a Scream (Heinemann) was published, and she was short-listed for the Talkies Awards for her own reading of extracts from the audio book, I Hate Being Second.

The autobiography detailed the harrowing experiences of her early life—in a Nazi concentration camp, her search through Europe in Red Cross refugee camps for her father, and her escape from East Berlin, one step ahead of the Volkspolizei. "I always had a big mouth and used to go on about the political schooling interrupting my quest for thespian glory. I used to think like that. Not good in a police state."

The Ingrid Pitt Bedside Companion for Ghosthunters (2003) was Pitt's tenth book. It was preceded by The Ingrid Pitt Bedside Companion for Vampire Lovers (1998) and The Ingrid Pitt Book Of Murder, Torture & Depravity (2000).

Pitt's credentials for writing about ghosts spring from a time when she lived with a tribe of Indians in Colorado. Sitting with her baby daughter, Steffanie, by a log fire, she was sure that she could see the face of her father smiling at her in the flames. "I told one of the others and he went all Hollywood Injun on me and said something like 'Heap good medicine'. I guess he was taking the mickey."

Other writing projects include a different look at Hammer Films entitled The Hammer Xperience. She also wrote a story under the pen name, Dracula Smith, which was illustrated within the fan club magazine.

Pitt wrote regular columns for various magazines and periodicals, including Shivers, TV & Film Memorabilia, and Motoring and Leisure. She also wrote a regular column, often about politics, on her official website, as well as a weekly column at UK website Den of Geek. In 2008, she was added to the merchandising of Monster-Mania: The Magazine.

In 2011, Avalard Publishing acquired the rights to Cuckoo Run (1980) and a number of other previously unpublished titles, including Annul Domini: The Jesus Factor (March 2012), a speculative novel about what would have happened if Jesus had never made it to Jerusalem.

Pitt's original novel Dracula Who...? was released in a limited edition by Avalard in October 2012 alongside the script for the unproduced film version. Dracula Who...? had the return of Countess Dracula, a role Ingrid had played on screen for Hammer Films.

Personal life

Pitt married three times: Laud Roland Pitt Jr, an American GI; George Pinches, a British film executive; and Tony Rudlin, a writer and racing car driver. Her daughter from her first marriage, Steffanie Pitt-Blake, is also an actress.

She had a passion for World War II aircraft. After revealing this on a radio programme, she was invited by the museum at RAF Duxford to have a flight in a Lancaster bomber. She held a student's pilot licence and a black belt in karate.

Death

Pitt died in a south London hospital on 23 November 2010, a few days after collapsing, and two days after her 73rd birthday, from congestive heart failure.

Legacy project

Seven months before she died, Pitt finished narration for Ingrid Pitt: Beyond the Forest (2011), an animated short film on her experience in the Holocaust, a project that had been in the works for five years. Character design and storyboards were created by two-time Academy Award-nominated filmmaker Bill Plympton. The film is directed by Kevin Sean Michaels; co-produced and co-written by Jud Newborn, Holocaust expert and author, "Sophie Scholl and the White Rose"; and drawn by 10-year-old animator, Perry Chen. There will be a feature-length documentary, also by Michaels, to follow.

Filmography

Film

Year	Title	Role	Notes
1965	Chimes at Midnight		Uncredited
1965	Doctor Zhivago		Uncredited
1966	Un beso en el puerto	Dorothy
1966	Sound of Horror	Sofia Minelli
1966	A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum	Courtesan	Uncredited
1968	Where Eagles Dare	Heidi
1968	The Omegans	Linda
1970	The Vampire Lovers	Marcilla / Carmilla / Mircalla Karnstein
1971	Countess Dracula	Countess Elisabeth Nádasdy
1971	The House That Dripped Blood	Carla Lind	(segment: "The Cloak")
1972	Nobody Ordered Love	Alice Allison
1973	The Wicker Man	Librarian
1982	Who Dares Wins	Helga
1983	Octopussy	Gallery Mistress	Voice; uncredited
1985	Wild Geese II	Hooker
1986	Parker	Widow
1985	Underworld	Pepperdine
1988	Hanna's War	Margit
2000	Green Fingers	Mrs. Bowen	Short film
2000	The Asylum	Isobella
2003	Dominator	Lady Violator	Voice
2006	Minotaur	The Sybil
2008	Beyond the Rave	Tooley's Mum	Direct-to-video
2008	Sea of Dust	Anna

Television

Year	Title	Role	Notes
1967	Dundee and the Culhane	Tallie Montreaux	Episode: "The 1000 Feet Deep Brief"
1967	Ironside	Irene Novas	Episode: "The Fourteenth Runner"
1972	Jason King	Nadine	Episode "Nadine"
1972	Doctor Who	Galleia	Episode: "The Time Monster"
1973	The Adventurer	Elayna	Episode: "Double Exposure"
1974	The Zoo Gang	Lyn Martin	Episode: "Mindless Murder"
1975	Thriller	Ilse	Episode: "Where the Action Is"
1981	BBC2 Playhouse	Fraulein Baum	Episode: "Unity"
1981	Artemis 81	Hitchcock Blonde	Television film
1982	Smiley's People	Elvira	Episodes: season 1.1, season 1.2; television mini-series
1983	The Comedy of Errors	Courtesan	Television film
1984	Doctor Who	Dr. Solow	Episode: "Warriors of the Deep"
1984	The House	Countess Von Eisen	Television film
1987	Bulman	Laura	Episode: "Chicken of the Baskervilles"

Writer

Year	Title	Notes
2011	Ingrid Pitt: Beyond the Forest	Short film; released in 2011, (final film role)

Bibliography (partial)

• Cuckoo Run (1980)

• Bertie the Bus (1981)

• The Perons (1984)

• Eva's Spell (1985)

• Katarina (1986)

• The Ingrid Pitt Bedside Companion for Vampire Lovers (1998)

• Life's A Scream: The Autobiography of Ingrid Pitt (1999)

• The Ingrid Pitt Bedside Companion for Ghosthunters (1999)

• The Ingrid Pitt Book of Murder, Torture and Depravity (2000)

• Darkness Before Dawn (the American, extended version of Life's A Scream) (2004)

• Annul Domini: The Jesus Factor (2012)

• Dracula Who...? (2012)