The giant amaranth is a very
unusual plant that is native to the southern United States. It is an herbaceous
annual or a short-lived perennial but it grows to the size of a small tree. It
has a massive, trunk-like stem that is enlarged at the base and stout,
spreading branches. The whole plant resembles a bald cypress tree with its
pyramidal form and enlarged base. In one season it can grow over 20 feet tall and
with a thick stem. It grows in fields and wetlands. The seeds are edible.
Appearance: The plant typically
grows as an erect annual herb, reaching heights of 1 to 2 meters (3 to 6 feet).
The leaves are alternate, lance-shaped, and can vary in size.
Flowers: Amaranthus australis
produces dense, erect spikes of tiny, greenish flowers. The flowers are often
inconspicuous and are arranged in terminal panicles.
Seeds: Like many species in the
Amaranthus genus, Amaranthus australis produces small seeds that are often
shiny black. The seeds are a characteristic feature and can be used for
identification.
Habitat: This plant is adaptable
to various environmental conditions and can be found in both moist and dry
habitats. It is often considered a weed in agricultural settings.
Cultural Uses: Some species of
amaranth, though I can't confirm specifically for Amaranthus australis, have
been historically cultivated for their edible leaves and seeds. Amaranth leaves
are nutritious and can be used in salads or cooked as a leafy green vegetable.
The seeds of certain amaranth species are also edible and have been used as a
grain.