WESTERN ROMAN EMPIRE CONSTANTIUS I CHLORUS (REIGNED AS AUGUSTUS IN THE WEST: 305-306) FATHER OF CONSTANTINE THE GREAT
LARGE 29 mm BI NUMMUS (FOLLIS) COIN ISSUED AS CAESAR (293-305)
CERTIFIED BY NGC CHOICE VERY FINE OBV: LAUREATE BUST OF CONSTANTIUS RIGHT. REV: FULL STANDING DEPICTION OF GENIUS LEFT, NUDE WITH CHLAMYS OVER SHOULDER AND MODIUS ON HEAD, HOLDING PATERA (LIBATION BOWL) IN LEFT HAND AND CORNUCOPIA IN RIGHT; “S” IN LEFT FIELD, “B” IN RIGHT FIELD.
MARCUS FLAVIUS VALERIUS CONSTANTIUS HERCULIUS AUGUSTUS (b. 250, d. 306) WAS THE FOUNDER OF THE CONSTANTINIAN DYNASTY, AND THE FATHER OF CONSTANTINE I (THE GREAT). HE WAS KNOWN AS CONSTANTIUS CHLORUS (CONSTANTIUS THE PALE).
CONSTANTIUS WAS MADE CAESAR (JUNIOR EMPEROR) OF THE WEST IN 293 AD, WITHIN A SYSTEM FOR SHARING POWER ESTABLISHED BY EMPEROR DIOCLETIAN CALLED THE TETRARCHY. THERE WOULD BE AN EMPEROR IN THE EAST (DIOCLETIAN), AND ONE IN THE WEST (MAXIMIAN), EACH WITH A CAESAR TO ASSIST IN RULING (WEST-CONSTANTIUS; EAST- GALERIUS).
AS CAESAR, HE WAS SENT TO DEAL WITH CARAUSIUS, WHO SEIZED CONTROL OF BRITAIN AND NORTHERN GAUL, AND DEFEATED ALLECTUS, WHO HAD IN TURN USURPED CARAUSIUS. HE ALSO CAMPAIGNED AGAINST THE FRANKS AND THE ALAMANNI ALONG THE RHINE FRONTIER.
IN 305, DIOCLETIAN STEPPED DOWN AS AUGUSTUS, AND SO DID MAXIMIAN. CONSTANTIUS WAS MADE AUGUSTUS IN THE WEST, AND GALERIUS TOOK POWER IN THE EAST. CONSTANTIUS, IN GAUL, TOOK ILL, AND HIS SON CONSTANTINE, WHO HAD BEEN PASSED OVER AS CAESAR, AND FEARED FOR HIS LIFE AT THE COURT OF GALERIUS, FLED TO GAUL TO JOIN HIS AILING FATHER.
THAT SAME YEAR, CONSTANTIUS WITH CONSTANTINE CROSSED OVER TO BRITAIN AND BEGAN A MILITARY CAMPAIGN IN THE NORTH AGAINST THE PICTS IN 305 AD. CLAIMING VICTORY IN 306, THEY RETIRED TO EBORACUM (YORK) FOR THE WINTER, BUT CONSTANTIUS WAS DYING. HE NAMED HIS SON, CONSTANTINE, AS HIS HEIR TO THE LEGIONS BEFORE HE DIED. CONSTANTINE WAS DECLARED EMPEROR BY HIS LATE FATHER’S ARMY, WHICH WOULD BE THE BEGINNING OF HIS RISE TO BECOME SOLE EMPEROR OF ROME.
29 mm IN DIAMETER |
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