Chile
1908 Silver 40 Centavos 25mm (5.83 grams) 0.400 Silver (0.0767 oz. ASW)  Santiago Mint
Reference: KM# 163
REPUBLICA DE CHILE, Defiant Condor with open wings on rock left.
40 CENTAVOS 1908 within wreath; O over S above.

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Condor is the  common name for two species of New World vultures , each in a monotypic genus . They are the largest flying land birds  in the Western Hemisphere .

They are:

• The Andean condor (Vultur gryphus) which  inhabits the Andean mountains.
• The California condor (Gymnogyps  californianus) currently restricted to the western coastal mountains of  the United States and Mexico and the northern desert mountains of Arizona in  the United States .

Chile, is a South American country occupying a long, narrow  strip of land between the Andes to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the  west. It borders Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage in the far south. Chilean  territory includes the Pacific islands of Juan Fernández , Salas y Gómez , Desventuradas , and Easter Island in Oceania . Chile also claims about 1,250,000  square kilometres (480,000 sq mi) of Antarctica , although all claims are suspended  under the Antarctic Treaty .

The  arid Atacama Desert in northern Chile contains great  mineral wealth, principally copper . The relatively small central area  dominates in terms of population and agricultural resources, and is the cultural  and political center from which Chile expanded in the late 19th century when it  incorporated its northern and southern regions. Southern Chile is rich in  forests and grazing lands, and features a string of volcanoes and lakes. The southern coast is a  labyrinth of fjords, inlets, canals , twisting peninsulas,  and islands.

Spain conquered and colonized Chile in the  mid-16th century, replacing Inca rule in northern and central Chile, but failing to conquer the independent Mapuche that inhabited south-central Chile.  After declaring its independence from Spain in 1818,  Chile emerged in the 1830s as a relatively stable authoritarian republic. In the  19th century, Chile saw significant economic and territorial growth, ending Mapuche resistance in the 1880s and  gaining its current northern territory in the War of the Pacific (1879–83) after defeating  Peru and Bolivia. In the 1960s and 1970s the country experienced severe  left-right political polarization and turmoil. This  development culminated with the 1973 Chilean coup d'état that overthrew Salvador Allende 's democratically-elected  left-wing government and instituted a 16-year-long right-wing military dictatorship   that left more than 3,000 people dead or missing. The regime, headed by Augusto Pinochet , ended in 1990 after it lost a referendum in 1988 and was succeeded by a center-left coalition which ruled through four  presidencies until 2010.

Chile is today one of South America's most stable and prosperous nations. It  leads Latin American nations in rankings of human development , competitiveness , income per capita , globalization , state of peace , economic freedom , and low perception of corruption . It also ranks  high regionally in sustainability of the state , and democratic  development. Chile is a founding member of the United Nations , the Union of South American Nations and the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States .