Background:
Antoine Raymond Joseph de Bruni d Entrecasteaux 1737 – 1793 was a French naval officer, explorer and colonial governor. He is perhaps best known for his exploration of the Australian coast in 1792, while searching for the La Pérouse expedition.
In September 1791, the French Assembly decided to send an expedition in search of Jean-François de La Pérouse, who had not been heard of since leaving Botany Bay in March 1788. Bruni d Entrecasteaux was selected to command this expedition. He was given a frigate, Recherche (500 tons), with Lieutenant Jean-Louis d Hesmity-d Auribeau as his second-in-command and Rossel among the other officers. A similar ship, Espérance, was placed under Jean-Michel Huon de Kermadec, with de Trobriand as his second-in-command. A distinguished hydrographical engineer, Beautemps-Beaupré, served as the hydrographer of the expedition.
When the expedition left Brest on 28 September 1791, Entrecasteaux was promoted to the rank of rear-admiral. The plan of the voyage was to proceed to New Holland (Australia), to sight Cape Leeuwin, then to hug the shore closely all the way to Van Diemens Land (Tasmania), inspecting every possible harbour in a rowing boat, and then to sail for the Friendly Islands (Tonga) via the northern cape of New Zealand allowing gardener Félix Delahaye to collect live breadfruit plants for transport to the French West Indies. D Entrecasteaux was next to follow La Pérouses intended route in the Pacific. It was thought that La Pérouse had meant to explore New Caledonia and the Louisiade Archipelago, to pass through Torres Strait, and to explore the Gulf of Carpentaria and the northern coast of New Holland.
However, when Bruni d Entrecasteaux reached Table Bay, Cape Town on 17 January 1792, he heard a report that Captain John Hunter (later to be Governor of New South Wales) had recently seen – off the Admiralty Islands – canoes manned by natives wearing French uniforms and belts. Although Hunter denied this report, and although the Frenchmen heard of the denial, Bruni d Entrecasteaux determined to make directly to the Admiralty Islands, nowadays part of Papua New Guinea, taking water and refreshing his crew at Van Diemens Land. On 20 April 1792, that land was in sight, and three days later the ships anchored in a harbour, which he named Recherche Bay. For the next five weeks, until 28 May 1792, the Frenchmen carried out careful boat explorations which revealed in detail the beautiful waterways and estuaries in the area.
Bruni d Entrecasteaux was fortunate in having good officers and scientists, most importantly from the exploration point-of-view the expeditions first hydrographical engineer, C.F Beautemps-Beaupré, who is now regarded as the father of modern French hydrography. The work this officer did in the field was excellent, and his charts, when published in France as an Atlas du Voyage de Bruny-Dentrecasteaux (1807) were very detailed. The atlas contains 39 charts, of which those of Van Diemens Land were the most detailed; they remained the source of the English charts of the area for many years.
Beautemps-Beaupré, while surveying the coasts with Lieutenant Crétin, discovered that Adventure Bay, which had been discovered by Tobias Furneaux in 1773, was on an island which was separated from the mainland by a fine navigable channel. On 16 May, d Entrecasteaux commenced to sail the ships through the channel, and this was accomplished by the 28th. Port Esperance, the Huon River, and other features were discovered, named, and charted, the admirals names being given to the channel (D Entrecasteaux Channel) and the large island (Bruny Island) separated by it from the mainland.
On 28 May 1792 the ships sailed into the Pacific to search for La Pérouse. On 17 June they arrived off the Isle of Pines, south of New Caledonia. From there, d Entrecasteaux sailed northward along the western coast of New Caledonia. (The Bruni dEntrecasteaux reefs at the northwestern end of the New Caledonia Barrier Reef are named for him.) He then passed the Solomon Islands along their southern or western coasts, sailed through Saint Georges Channel between New Ireland and New Britain, and on 28 July sighted the south-east coast of the Admiralty Islands. After three days spent in scrutinizing the eastern and northern coastline, Bruni dEntrecasteaux decided that the rumours he had heard in Table Bay must be false, and he therefore set sail for Ambon, in modern-day Indonesia, where his ships replenished their stores.
Leaving Amboina on 14 October, Bruni dEntrecasteaux made for Cape Leeuwin, the south-western extremity of Australia, to carry out his original instructions of searching southern New Holland for La Pérouse. On 6 December land was sighted near Cape Leeuwin, and named DEntrecasteaux Point. This event was celebrated by feastings and parties, one result of which was that the smith on board Recherche, Jean-Marie Marhadour over-indulged and died next day from an apoplectic fit. The weather proved boisterous, and the ships failed to find King George III Sound, originally discovered by Vancouver. As they sailed further east, they penetrated numerous islands and dangerous shoals, to which they gave the name DEntrecasteaux Islands — later changed to the Recherche Archipelago.
While the Frenchmen were still in that dangerous area, on 12 December a violent storm descended upon them, and both ships were nearly wrecked. Fortunately, however, they found an anchorage where they were able to ride out the worst of the gale. Landings took place here on the mainland, and the locality was named in honour of Legrand, who had spotted the anchorage, and of the ship he was on, Espérance. Beautemps-Beaupré made a hasty survey of the off-lying islands of the archipelago. No water was found, and on 18 December the ships continued eastward to the head of the Great Australian Bight, but here the coast was found to be even more arid, and the water position more serious.
On 4 January 1793, Bruni dEntrecasteaux was forced to leave the coast at a position near Bruni dEntrecasteaux Reef and sail direct to Van Diemens Land. In this decision the French explorer was unfortunate, for if he had continued his examination of the southern coast of New Holland, he would have made all the geographical discoveries that fell to the lot of Bass and Flinders a few years later. Then, indeed, a French Terre Napoléon might well have become a fact.
The ships anchored in Recherche Bay on 22 January, and the expedition spent a period of five weeks in that area, watering the ships, refreshing the crews, and carrying out explorations into both natural history and geography. Beautemps-Beaupré, in company with other officers, surveyed the northern extensions to Storm Bay – the western extension was found to be a mouth of a river which received the name Rivière du Nord – it was renamed the Derwent River a few months later by the next visitor to this area, Captain John Hayes in Duke of Clarence and Duchess.
On 28 February dEntrecasteaux sailed from Van Diemens Land towards the Friendly Islands, sighting New Zealand and the Kermadec Islands en route. At the Friendly Islands, he found that the natives remembered Cook and Bligh well enough, but knew nothing of La Pérouse. He then sailed back to New Caledonia, where he anchored at Balade. The vain search for La Pérouse then resumed with Santa Cruz, then along the southern coasts of the Solomon Islands, the northern parts of the Louisiade Archipelago, through the Dampier Strait, along the northern coast of New Britain and the southern coast of the Admiralty Islands, and thence north of New Guinea to the Moluccas.
By this time, the affairs of the expedition had become almost desperate, largely because the officers were ardent royalists and the crews equally ardent revolutionaries. Kermadec had died of phthisis in Balade harbour, and on 21 July 1793, d Entrecasteaux himself died of scurvy, off the Hermits.
Commands were re-arranged, with Auribeau taking charge of the expedition, with Rossel in Kermadecs place. The new chief took the ships to Surabaya. Here it was learned that a republic had been proclaimed in France, and on 18 February 1794 Auribeau handed his vessels to the Dutch authorities so that the new French Government could not profit by them. Auribeau died a month later and Rossel sailed from Java in January 1795 on board a Dutch ship, arriving at Table Bay in April 1795. There his ship sailed unexpectedly with the expeditions papers, leaving him behind, but this vessel was captured by the British. Rossel then took passage on a brig-of-war, but this too was captured by the British. After the Peace of Amiens in 1802, all the papers of the expedition were returned to Rossel, who was thus enabled to publish a narrative of the whole enterprise.

Pelham, Cavendish
Pelham was responsible for the publication of the 1806-08 editions of The World: Or, the Present State of the Universe. Being a General and Complete Collection of Modern Voyages and Travels. Selected, Arranged, and Digested, From the Narratives of the Latest and Most Authentic Travellers and Navigators.
The two volumes contained, in Vol 1, 93 plates in total; text on;
- Travels in Upper and Lower Egypt by C S Sonnini;
- A Voyage to the Pacific Ocean, for making discoveries in the Northern Hemisphere. Captains Cook, Clerke, and Gore. In the Years 1776, 1777, 1778 and 1780. Pp145-344;
- Voyage of Discovery of the North Pacific Ocean and Round the World. 1790, 1791, 1792, 1793, 1794 and 1795, Captain George Vancouver;
- A Missionary Voyage to the South Pacfic Ocean. Captain James Wilson;
- Earl Macartney\\\\\\\'s Embassy to the Emperor of China; the Voyage of Governor Phillip to Botany Bay;
- Mr Hodges\\\\\\\' Travels to India;
In Vol. II was contained 78 plates with text on;
- La Perouse Voyage around the World;
- Voyage in Search of Perouse;
- Lessops Travels in Kamptschatka; - A Voyage around the World by Capt. Nathaniel Portlock;
- A Voyage to Madagascar and the E Indies - Abbe Rochon;
- Travels in Syria and Egypt by M c F Volney;
- Travels through Spain by Dillon;
- Travels in Portugal by Link;
- Travels in Germany, Switzerland etc by Stolberg;
- Travels in Upper and Lower Hungary by Dutens;
- Travels in Poland by Coxe;
- Travels in Denmark, Norway and Sweden by Nowel;
- View of the Russian Empire by Tooke;
- Embassy to the Kingdom of Ava by Symes;
- A Tour from Bengal to Persian by Franklin;
- A Journey from India towards England by Jackson;
- A general geographical description of the world with notes on voyages. Published by J Stratford, London