dimensions au coup de planche 12,3x7,3 centimètres
document authentique et original du XVIIe siècle
#539
Al-Achraf Tuman Bay (1477-1517) est le dernier sultan mamelouk burjite qui règne en Égypte de 1516 à 1517. Il est renversé par le sultan ottoman Selim Ier Yavuz puis exécuté.
Al-Ashraf Abu Al-Nasr Tuman bay (Arabic: الأشرف أبو النصر طومان باي), better known as Tuman bay II (Arabic: طومان باي), was the last Sultan of Egypt before the country's conquest by the Ottoman Empire in 1517. He acceded to the sultanic throne during the final period of Mamluk rule in Egypt, after the defeat of his predecessor, Sultan Al-Ashraf Qansuh al-Ghawri by Ottoman Sultan Selim I at the Battle of Marj Dabiq in 1516. He was the last person to hold the title of Sultan of Egypt prior to the re-establishment of the sultanate 397 years later under Hussein Kamel in 1914.
A Circassian, who, like his predecessors, had been in early youth a domestic slave of the palace, he gradually rose to be “emir of a hundred,” and then prime minister, an office he held until the departure of Sultan Al-Ashraf Qansuh al-Ghawri, who left him in charge of Cairo. The Caliph Muhammad Al-Mutawakkil III having remained behind with Selim I after defeat of Sultan Al-Ashraf Qansuh al-Ghawri, Tuman bay II was now inaugurated as sultan, but without pomp or ceremony, the royal insignia having been lost in battle. It was a dark and thankless dignity to which, now at the age of 40, he was called; Syria gone, the troops in disorder, the emirs distracted, the Mamluks as a mercenary horde. Yet he ruled well for the time he held the throne and was popular throughout the land. In the course of time, the fugitive chiefs, with Emir Janberdi Al-Ghazali, arrived from Damascus; but another month elapsed before an army could be organized.