Hematite, also spelled Haematite, is the mineral form of Iron Oxide. It is one of the densest gemstones available and found mainly in Italy, Germany, France, England, Switzerland and Madagascar. Traditionally Black, steel or silvery-grey colour, it sometimes appears brown or red. This browny-redness gives Mars its distinctly rusty colour as a lot of Hematite lies there. Hematite is often plated in blue, copper, gold, rhodium or a rainbow of colours.