| RARE QATAR OLYMPIC AIR MAIL 2 IMPERFORATE STAMPS SHEETS 100% Original Stamps Qatar 1968 Olympics - 2 Imperf Sheets - MNH - Surcharged Overprint - CV €850.00 WORLDWIDE SHIPPING FLAT SHIPPING RATES - MULTIPLE ITEMS IN 1 PACKAGE Fast delivery with tracking number for only $7.95* *($10.95 if more than 0.1 kg incl. pack) Save money on postage - add more than 1 products to cart and request total from the shopping card page. We will send you invoice with combined shipping price for all of your lots. Please note that we ship your order in 1-2 bussines days. Any further delays in shipment are likely the result of the delivery provider. International Shipments may take up to 3 weeks to arrive to their destination. We appreciate your patience and realistic shipping expectations for those Orders. All items are absolutely guaranteed to be genuine and as described. Buy with confidence-we are professional, full-time dealers in business for many years online on StampLake.com website. We pack and ship your purchases with care and consideration in a timely manner. With us, you can expect First-Class service and helpful consultation at no extra charge. PRODUCT INFORMATION The history of the post and postage stamps of Qatar, a state in Southwest Asia, on the peninsula of the same name in the Persian Gulf with its capital in Doha, covers the period of the British protectorate (until September 1, 1971) and the period of the modern State of Qatar (since September 1, 1971). Qatar is one of the member countries of the Universal Postal Union (since 1969). The modern postal operator of the country is the Q-Post company (Qatar Post). Content 1 Development of the post office 2 Issues of postage stamps 2.1 Overprints on British stamps 2.2 First stamps 2.3 Subsequent issues 2.4 Independence 3 See also 4 Notes 5 Literature 6 Links Mail development Qatar had special contractual relations with Great Britain (protectorate) from 1916 until September 1, 1971, when its independence was proclaimed. Since May 18, 1950, the British living in Qatar could send correspondence through the office of the British representative (British Political Officer) in Doha. The first three mail items were stamped with postage stamps of Bahrain or British postal agencies in Eastern Arabia, which were stamped with a round stamp of the chancery, but then the postage stamps on the letters were extinguished in Bahrain until the use of the Doha postmark began in July 1950. Until 1950, foreigners living in Qatar themselves organized the transfer of their correspondence to Bahrain, where it got to the post office[2]. In August 1950, the post office became a publicly accessible independent organization, and on February 1, 1956, an additional post office was opened at the Umm Said oil terminal[2]. In 1963, Qatar formed its own postal administration, whose functions included postal communication and the issue of postage stamps[3]. Postage stamp issues At first, British postage stamps with the overprint "BAHRAIN" ("Bahrain") were in postal circulation, they were replaced by postage stamps of British postal agencies in Eastern Arabia[2]. The first Postmaster General of Qatar was a Pakistani, Mian Muhammad Rafique Ahmed, who was appointed to this position in 1955[4]. Overprints on British stamps On April 1, 1957, 12 UK postage stamps from the Wilding series were issued[en] along with postage stamps of high denominations, the issue of "Locks" is overprinted. Later in 1957, three more postage stamps from the British series "Anniversary of the Scout Movement" were issued. In 1960, the Wilding series was issued with a different watermark. All these stamps were overprinted with the English word "QATAR" ("Qatar") and the face value in Indian currency[2]. The first stamps The first own postage stamps with the inscription "Qatar" and the original pattern, instead of British stamps with the overprint "Qatar", was a series of 11 standard stamps issued on September 2, 1961 and depicting Sheikh Ahmad bin Ali Al Thani[2]. Subsequent issues On May 23, 1963, postal services in Qatar were taken over by the Qatar Post Office, and since 1966, the currency indicated on postage stamps has been changed from Indian rupees to dirhams and riyals.[2] Independence Qatar gained independence on September 3, 1971. This event was marked by a series of four postage stamps issued on January 17, 1972. Since then, commemorative and standard postage stamps have been regularly issued, mainly on topics related to Qatar. In 1977, a notebook of postage stamps was released. History Treaty Oman The territory of eastern Arabia has long been known to Europeans as the "Pirate Coast". This was explained by the fact that the main occupation of the population of the local principalities was the coastal trade, and the business of the British East India Company in the XVIII century monopolized cargo flows and, thereby, deprived the aborigines of their basic earnings - which led to permanent wars, during which the Arabs seized and plundered British ships. In the period 1820-1853, Great Britain gradually established its control over the former "Pirate Coast", forcing the rulers of the principalities to sign a General Protectorate Treaty — which allowed it to place a network of military bases in the region and pacify it. Since 1853, the latter has been called Trucial Oman — Treaty Oman (in English-language literature, Trucial states, "Treaty States" is more often used). In the 1920s, oil was discovered here, and at the same time a national liberation movement unfolded (especially in Sharjah and Ras al-Khaimah), sometimes fueled by foreign oil monopolies and external forces — Iran, Saudi Arabia. The British colonial authorities put forward a plan to create a federation of principalities, but this idea remained only in the state of a promising project for the next forty years. The first standard issue of Sharjah (1 rial, 1963 and 1965) As one of the measures to demonstrate the increased independence of the principalities of the Treaty Oman Protectorate, since the second half of 1963, each of them, despite the illiteracy of about 90% of the local population[6], as well as the rudimentary, and in some cases simply absent development of local mail, was granted the right to postal independence. As a result, six of the seven emirates immediately sold their acquired right to philatelic agencies (except for the largest of them, Abu Dhabi, which resisted the temptation, issued a reasonable number of postage stamps annually and therefore was not classified as a "dune"). Later, two of the six principalities — Ajman and Sharjah — began, in addition, to issue separate postage stamps for their exclaves, whose population consisted of residents of 1-3 villages. On February 19, 1966, a commentator for the Vienna newspaper Volkstimme noted[8]: Sheikhs need money, although many of them are awash in oil. Resourceful American speculators have awakened these nomadic tribes to postal life. They choose a theme, order printing in New York, and then sell these stamps all over the world. The newspaper Pravda wrote on March 20, 1968 about the perversions of the period of decolonization of Arabia as follows[8]: Each emirate now issues its own postage stamps, has its own passports, but not each of them has its own national flag or coat of arms. As can be clearly seen from the following table on the emissions of "sand dunes"[9], the emirates did not even have their names, since previously there was no special need for transliterations into European languages: Flag Russian name English name Beginning Number of stamps End Michael 2006 "Oh My Gosh Publishing" Trucial States Catalog 1976 Ajman sometimes: Ajman State own mail: November 29, 1963 First issue: June 20, 1964 Last issue: March 1973[12] Circulation: until April 1973 Manama[en] Manama. Dependency of Ajman did not have its own mail First issue: July 5, 1966 Last issue: August 1, 1972 Circulation: until April 1973 Dubai, sometimes Dibai Dubai Dibai, Dibayy own post office: 1909 First issue: June 15, 1963 Last issue: July 31, 1972 Circulation: until December 31, 1972 Ras Al Khaimah Sometimes: Ras al-Khaimah, Ra's Al-Khaymah stamps: Ras Al Khaima did not have its own mail first issue: December 12, 1964 Last issue: April 22, 1973 Circulation: until April 1973 Umm al-Qaywain, sometimes Umm al-Quwain Umm al-Quwain, Umm al-Qaiwain on stamps: Umm Al-Qiwain Own post office: November 27, 1963 First issue: June 29, 1964 Last issue: August 1, 1972 Circulation: until December 31, 1972 Fujairah, sometimes Fujairah or El Fujairah Sometimes: Fujairah, Al-Fujairah on stamps: Fujeira own post office: November 22, 1963 September 22, 1964 Last issue: August 1, 1972 Circulation: until April 1973 Sharjah rarely: Ash-Shariqah, Sharja on stamps: Sharjah own mail: July 10, 1963 First issue: 1400 at the same time Last issue: July 31, 1972 Circulation: until December 31, 1972 Fakkan Choir Khor Fukkan, Khawr Fakkan on the stamps: Khor Fakkan. Dependency of Sharjah own post office: February 20, 1965 first issue: March 20, 1965 last issue: 1969 Circulation: until December 31, 1972 Manama Postal unit[en] (toothless version, 1 rial, 1972) According to the results of 1971, the emirate of Ajman, the smallest in terms of territory of all, managed to set a world record for the number of issues per year for the entire existence of postage stamps — 488, that is, new stamps were issued on average on its behalf more than once a day, not counting overprints, varieties and issues of the Manama exclave subordinate to it. According to the results of 1971, the emirate of Ajman, the smallest in terms of territory of all, managed to set a world record for the number of issues per year for the entire existence of postage stamps — 488, that is, new stamps were issued on average on its behalf more than once a day, not counting overprints, varieties and issues of the Manama exclave subordinate to it. After 1968, when Britain officially announced its intention to withdraw its troops from all territories east of the Suez Canal, including the Persian Gulf, by the end of 1971, the heads of the East Arabian principalities signed a federation agreement. On December 2, 1971, the state of the United Arab Emirates was proclaimed as part of six principalities, which the following year, on February 11, the emirate of Ras al Khaimah joined. Fujairah: The 400th anniversary of Kepler's birth (1971) By April 1973, by a federal decree of the General Postal Administration of the Ministry of Communications of the UAE, all princely amateur activities were withdrawn from postal circulation and replaced with UAE postage stamps. Since then, this region has been pursuing a very conservative and moderate philatelic policy. However, even after the cessation of the actual circulation of dune stamps, the latter continued to be issued by some agencies (in particular, by one publishing house in Naples) allegedly on behalf of the Emirates, including in slaked form, at least all the 1970s. Currently, there is not a word on the official website of the Emirates Philatelic Association about the presence of a dubious episode in the past, and when describing the postal history of the country, a couple of lines tell about the period of independent princely issues. North Yemen The theocratic Yemeni Mutawakkili Kingdom was proclaimed in 1926 in North Yemen, which was liberated from the rule of the Ottoman Empire. Since 1948, it has been under the despotic rule of Imam Ahmad bin Yahya. On September 19, 1962, after the death of the elderly Ahmad, his eldest son Muhammad al-Badr inherited the throne. The real postage stamps of Yemen, overprinted by each side (1962)[19] A week after the coronation, the new imam was deposed by rebel Republicans led by Abdullah as-Sallal, who proclaimed himself president of the newborn Yemeni Arab Republic (YAR). Al-Badr fled to the north of the state and organized a large-scale resistance there. A civil war broke out in the country. Egypt stood behind the Republicans, whose president Gamal Abdel Nasser sent a 70,000-strong army to Yemen. The support of the YAR from the Soviet Union was also felt. The monarchists, with the approval of the United States, were directed and sponsored by Saudi Arabia and Jordan. The fighting went on with varying success, and in addition to the two "official" opponents, alternative groups periodically appeared and disappeared in territories beyond their control. The Yemeni Mutawakkili Kingdom (1967) Each side considered it necessary, first of all, to overprint the captured stocks of the enemy's postage stamps, as well as to issue numerous and various own stamps — mainly for propaganda purposes, legitimization of the regime and as a source of income. An extremely small part of such stamps were used in real postal circulation. In addition, most of the issues circulating in the philatelic market of this period are not related to any of the parties at all, this is the fruit of the activities of philatelic agencies. Unidentified issuer After the Six-Day War in 1967, Nasser began the phased withdrawal of Egyptian troops from North Yemen, increasingly weakening the Republicans, nevertheless, the following year the main royalist forces were defeated by the latter in the battles for the capital Sanaa, after which most of the opposition leaders considered it good to switch to the side of the republic. A series of protracted negotiations and peace conferences ended with King Faisal of the Saudis recognizing the Yemeni Arab Republic in 1970 and the war ended. YAR: the flight of Apollo 12 (1969) Most often (but not always) it is possible to distinguish North Yemeni postage stamps from "dunes" by subject matter and design: what was issued by one or another authority, as a rule, was eventfully related to the Arab world and outwardly resembled the issues of Arab countries. However, there are also fakes of them, especially fake and fantastic overprints on real postage stamps are common. On royalist issues, the Yemeni state was designated as Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen (sometimes Imamate of Yemen or simply Yemen post), while issues of supporters of the republic carried the text Yemen Arab Republic, or abbreviated Y. A. R. Legitimately issued postage stamps that had a real relationship to the postal circulation of both the first and second, are listed in the world philatelic the catalogs, fantastic and speculative issues are not mentioned there. However, each catalog independently and in different ways determines how much a particular issue corresponds to the status of a postal one. Scott is the most conservative in this, while Stanley Gibbons and Michael are more liberal. South Yemen The development of this territory by the British East India Company began with the capture of the port of Aden in 1832, which later served as a base on the sea route to India. Until 1837, the port was managed as part of British India, after which it was separated into a separate colony of Aden. The rest of the southern Yemeni emirates, sultanates and sheikhoms, united in the Aden protectorate, were governed by Great Britain not directly, but through treaties concluded with their local rulers in the late XIX — early XX centuries. The metropolis was not interested in the economic development of the region, and, with the exception of the lands directly adjacent to the port of Aden, the region was in stagnation and periodic inter-clan skirmishes. South Yemen (January 1965) After the end of World War II, South Yemen was administratively divided into the western and eastern parts (Hadramaut), and since 1942 the sultanates there have been granted postal autonomy — the right to issue their own stamps indicating their affiliation to the Aden protectorate. The establishment of oil transit from the Persian Gulf and the situation in neighboring Arabian regions have awakened growing anti-British sentiments here. This was influenced by the Egyptian President Nasser, who was popular in the Arab world in the 1960s, who openly invited all Yemenis to the United Arab (con) federation he was creating. Realizing by the end of the 1950s the inevitability of withdrawal from the region, the British nevertheless opposed these plans with their own: in February 1959, under their patronage, the Federation of Arab Principalities of the South was established on the territory of six principalities of the western part of the Aden protectorate, which in 1961-1964 gradually included eleven more units. In April 1962, the resulting entity was named the Federation of South Arabia (FUA), and in January of the following 1963, the FUA was merged with the colony of Aden. Upper Yafa (1967) Proposals to the sultanates of Hadramaut to join the federation were, however, rejected by them. The Sultanate of Upper Yafa also decided to remain unfederated. They formally continued to be parts of the Aden Protectorate, renamed the Protectorate of South Arabia in January 1963, also under the auspices of Great Britain. By the mid-1960s, independent postage stamp issuers had thus formed in South Yemen, each of which hoped to create a solid economic base and then declare its full independence. With the exception of the Federation of South Arabia, each of the entities listed below, having gained postal independence for a short period, concluded contracts with philatelic agencies. The latter immediately began to flood the world market with postage stamps issued on behalf of the sultanates. Most of their 1966-1967 issues are considered "Dunes", as well as all subsequent issues of the exiled authorities and rulers, the bulk of which occurred in 1968. In the 1960s, with the increasing availability of printing against the background of the confusion of the decolonization period, when dozens of new states appeared in the world every year, whose names and origins were easy to get confused, there was an explosion in the quantity and quality of fantastic issues. Most of them were designed to "quickly deceive" philatelists and at first did not pretend to be more. However, some that turned out to be particularly "successful" have continued to be produced for decades, which was facilitated by the flourishing of thematic philately in the 1970s - 1980s and, accordingly, the involvement in collecting postage stamps of a significant number of apolitical philatelists interested only in their applied topic. Oman The most famous of this kind of "dune" stamps are issues related to the Sultanate of Oman, which was under British patronage (Muscat and Oman before August 9, 1970). Taking advantage of the relative closeness of this Islamic state, the extreme conservatism of its emission policy and the presence of a number of interesting episodes in the recent history of the sultanate, they "help" it to issue stamps. As the main legend, events that occurred ten years before the first such issue are used. The beginning of industrial oil development in the Persian Gulf has intensified the long-standing dynastic dispute between the Sultanate of Muscat and the Imamate of Oman. In 1954, the imam of the latter, Ghalib bin Ali, tried to gain greater autonomy by force from the central government in Muscat, which at that time was concentrated in the hands of a representative of the rival dynasty, Said bin Taimur. With the active assistance of British troops, Said suppressed the rebellion. In 1957, with the help of a rocket and bomb attack by the Royal Air Force of Great Britain, the ancient capital of the country, Nama, a stronghold of the rebels, was stormed. The imam was captured, deposed and exiled, the last pockets of resistance were suppressed by 1959, and the entire state became known as the Sultanate of Muscat and Oman. The second legend is connected with the uprising in Dhofar, the westernmost province of the Sultanate of Oman, bordering Southern Yemen. It lasted longer and ended with the defeat of the rebels, but indirectly led to modernization and greater openness of the Omani State and society. In 1962, the leader of the local tribes, Mussalim bin Nafl, formed the Dofar Liberation Front, which, with support from South Yemen, as well as from other groups, began fighting in 1965 to create a pro-communist state in Dofar and, in the future, unite the ethnically related tribes of the Omani Dofar and the Yemeni Mahra. Sultan of Oman Qaboos bin Said managed to instigate a split among the rebels, after which, with the support of the army of the Shah of Iran, as well as Jordan and Great Britain, he defeated the main forces of the rebellion in 1976. The remnants of the separatists fled to South Yemen and Europe. Currently, the Front exists as an organization with headquarters in London and ... issues stamps on behalf of "Dufar" (Dhufar). At the end of 1969, several stamps were issued in Rome on behalf of the small island of Abd el Khoury, located between Socotra Island and the Horn of Africa. The population of the island is about three hundred people living in three villages. In reality, Abd-el-Khoury belonged to Southern Yemen, and Socotra itself, in addition, was the homeland of the South Yemeni dynasty that ruled in the Mahra Sultanate two years earlier. In 1963-1970, a number of private individuals managed to distribute small editions of postage stamps of Kuwait, Iraq and Saudi Arabia, overprinted in the United States in different colors with the word "At-Tawal" (At-Tawal) — the local name of two small border neutral zones between Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and Iraq. According to the website cifr.it , the stamps were overprinted by an American schoolboy. The vast majority of such cases can be conditionally attributed to "dunes" only geographically and chronologically, since the circulations of such vignettes rarely turn out to be in any way noticeable. Information by V. Novoselov (2005). In recent years, "Michael" has included "sand dunes" (editions of the principalities of Treaty Oman, North and South Yemen) in the text of its main volume devoted to this region of the world. Previously, "Michael" listed them only in a separate volume, which was not included in the main set of its catalogs. Quoted by: Sashenkov (1969). Archived copy dated April 4, 2008 on Wayback Machine (Accessed December 2, 2008) The table is compiled according to catalog data and information Archived copy dated December 4, 2008 on the Wayback Machine on the Oh My Gosh Publishing website. Archived copy dated December 2, 2008 on Wayback Machine (English) (Accessed December 2, 2008) Michel Gulf States Catalog 2006. (English) (Accessed December 29, 2008) Counting small sheets, but excluding overprints and other varieties. According to the "Michael" catalog. According to the version of the Archived copy dated July 17, 2020 on the Wayback Machine of the Oh My Gosh Publishing website, the issue dated to Easter 1973 actually occurred no later than the end of 1972. (English) (Accessed December 2, 2008) Data according to the website angelfire.com . Archived copy dated January 26, 2021 on Wayback Machine (English) (Accessed December 2, 2008) The previously planned entry of Bahrain and Qatar into the UAE, however, did not take place. Data from the New York Times (1988). See Emirates Philatelic Association (EPA). Archived copy dated October 25, 2008 on Wayback Machine (English) (Accessed December 2, 2008) See UAE Philatelic Bureau. (English) (Accessed December 2, 2008) On the left is an overprint of Republicans "Y. A. R.", on the right — royalists: "Free Yemen fights for God, imam and country" ("Free Yemen fights for God, imam and country"). In 1963-1966. The last issue was made on December 15, 1966. In 1966-1968, counting overprints, but excluding varieties. In 1967-1968. From September to November 1967, counting overprints. Immagini relative ai miei messaggi per il Forum filatelia e francobolli, pagina 93 (Italian). Forum filatelia e francobolli. CIFR — Centro Italiano Filatelia Resistenza. Date of application: December 17, 2010. Archived from the original on January 30, 2012. |
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