I have sold items to coutries such as Afghanistan * Albania * Algeria * American Samoa (US) * Andorra * Angola * Anguilla (GB) * Antigua and Barbuda * Argentina * Armenia * Aruba (NL) * Australia * Austria * Azerbaijan * Bahamas * Bahrain * Bangladesh * Barbados * Belarus * Belgium * Belize * Benin * Bermuda (GB) * Bhutan * Bolivia * Bonaire (NL) * Bosnia and Herzegovina * Botswana * Bouvet Island (NO) * Brazil * British Indian Ocean Territory (GB) * British Virgin Islands (GB) * Brunei * Bulgaria * Burkina Faso * Burundi * Cambodia * Cameroon * Canada * Cape Verde * Cayman Islands (GB) * Central African Republic * Chad * Chile * China * Christmas Island (AU) * Cocos Islands (AU) * Colombia * Comoros * Congo * Democratic Republic of the Congo * Cook Islands (NZ) * Coral Sea Islands Territory (AU) * Costa Rica * Croatia * Cuba * Curaçao (NL) * Cyprus * Czech Republic * Denmark * Djibouti * Dominica * Dominican Republic * East Timor * Ecuador * Egypt * El Salvador * Equatorial Guinea * Eritrea * Estonia * Ethiopia * Falkland Islands (GB) * Faroe Islands (DK) * Fiji Islands * Finland * France * French Guiana (FR) * French Polynesia (FR) * French Southern Lands (FR) * Gabon * Gambia * Georgia * Germany * Ghana * Gibraltar (GB) * Greece * Greenland (DK) * Grenada * Guadeloupe (FR) * Guam (US) * Guatemala * Guernsey (GB) * Guinea * Guinea-Bissau * Guyana * Haiti * Heard and McDonald Islands (AU) * Honduras * Hong Kong (CN) * Hungary * Iceland * India * Indonesia * Iran * Iraq * Ireland * Isle of Man (GB) * Israel * Italy * Ivory Coast * Jamaica * Jan Mayen (NO) * Japan * Jersey (GB) * Jordan * Kazakhstan * Kenya * Kiribati * Kosovo * Kuwait * Kyrgyzstan * Laos * Latvia * Lebanon * Lesotho * Liberia * Libya * Liechtenstein * Lithuania * Luxembourg * Macau (CN) * Macedonia * Madagascar * Malawi * Malaysia * Maldives * Mali * Malta * Marshall Islands * Martinique (FR) * Mauritania * Mauritius * Mayotte (FR) * Mexico * Micronesia * Moldova * Monaco * Mongolia * Montenegro * Montserrat (GB) * Morocco * Mozambique * Myanmar * Namibia * Nauru * Navassa (US) * Nepal * Netherlands * New Caledonia (FR) * New Zealand * Nicaragua * Niger * Nigeria * Niue (NZ) * Norfolk Island (AU) * North Korea * Northern Cyprus * Northern Mariana Islands (US) * Norway * Oman * Pakistan * Palau * Palestinian Authority * Panama * Papua New Guinea * Paraguay * Peru * Philippines * Pitcairn Island (GB) * Poland * Portugal * Puerto Rico (US) * Qatar * Reunion (FR) * Romania * Russia * Rwanda * Saba (NL) * Saint Barthelemy (FR) * Saint Helena (GB) * Saint Kitts and Nevis * Saint Lucia * Saint Martin (FR) * Saint Pierre and Miquelon (FR) * Saint Vincent and the Grenadines * Samoa * San Marino * Sao Tome and Principe * Saudi Arabia * Senegal * Serbia * Seychelles * Sierra Leone * Singapore * Sint Eustatius (NL) * Sint Maarten (NL) * Slovakia * Slovenia * Solomon Islands * Somalia * South Africa * South Georgia (GB) * South Korea * South Sudan * Spain * Sri Lanka * Sudan * Suriname * Svalbard (NO) * Swaziland * Sweden * Switzerland * Syria * Taiwan * Tajikistan * Tanzania * Thailand * Togo * Tokelau (NZ) * Tonga * Trinidad and Tobago * Tunisia * Turkey * Turkmenistan * Turks and Caicos Islands (GB) * Tuvalu * U.S. Minor Pacific Islands (US) * U.S. Virgin Islands (US) * Uganda * Ukraine * United Arab Emirates * United Kingdom * United States * Uruguay * Uzbekistan * Vanuatu * Vatican City * Venezuela * Vietnam * Wallis and Futuna (FR) * Yemen * Zambia * Zimbabwe and major cities such as Tokyo, Yokohama, New York City, Sao Paulo, Seoul, Mexico City, Osaka, Kobe, Kyoto, Manila, Mumbai, Delhi, Jakarta, Lagos, Kolkata, Cairo, Los Angeles, Buenos Aires, Rio de Janeiro, Moscow, Shanghai, Karachi, Paris, Istanbul, Nagoya, Beijing, Chicago, London, Shenzhen, Essen, Düsseldorf, Tehran, Bogota, Lima, Bangkok, Johannesburg, East Rand, Chennai, Taipei, Baghdad, Santiago, Bangalore, Hyderabad, St Petersburg, Philadelphia, Lahore, Kinshasa, Miami, Ho Chi Minh City, Madrid, Tianjin, Kuala Lumpur, Toronto, Milan, Shenyang, Dallas, Fort Worth, Boston, Belo Horizonte, Khartoum, Riyadh, Singapore, Washington, Detroit, Barcelona,, Houston, Athens, Berlin, Sydney, Atlanta, Guadalajara, San Francisco, Oakland, Montreal, Monterey, Melbourne, Ankara, Recife, Phoenix/Mesa, Durban, Porto Alegre, Dalian, Jeddah, Seattle, Cape Town, San Diego, Fortaleza, Curitiba, Rome, Naples, Minneapolis, St. Paul, Tel Aviv, Birmingham, Frankfurt, Lisbon, Manchester, San Juan, Katowice, Tashkent, Fukuoka, Baku, Sumqayit, St. Louis, Baltimore, Sapporo, Tampa, St. Petersburg, Taichung, Warsaw, Denver, Cologne, Bonn, Hamburg, Dubai, Pretoria, Vancouver, Beirut, Budapest, Cleveland, Pittsburgh, Campinas, Harare, Brasilia, Kuwait, Munich, Portland, Brussels, Vienna, San Jose, Damman , Copenhagen, Brisbane, Riverside, San Bernardino, Cincinnati and Accra
Darth Vader
Star Wars character
Darth Vader, as he appeared throughout the Star Wars franchise
First appearance Star Wars (1977)
Created by George Lucas
Portrayed by
Darth Vader:
David Prowse[a]
Bob Anderson[b]
Spencer Wilding / Daniel Naprous[c]
Dimitrious Bistrevsky[1][d]
Anakin Skywalker:
Sebastian Shaw[f]
Jake Lloyd[g]
Hayden Christensen[i]
Voiced by
Darth Vader:
James Earl Jones[j]
Ben Burtt (vocal effects)
Brock Peters (radio drama)
Matt Sloan[k]
Scott Lawrence (various video games)
Anakin Skywalker:
Hayden Christensen[l]
David Birney (radio drama)
Mat Lucas[m]
Kirby Morrow (Lego Star Wars series)
Matt Lanter[n]
In-universe information
Full name Anakin Skywalker
Alias The Chosen One
Occupation
Slave[o]
Padawan[p]
Jedi Knight[q]
Member of the Jedi High Council[r]
Jedi General in the Grand Army of the Republic[s]
Dark Lord of the Sith[t]
Supreme Commander of the Imperial Military[u]
Affiliation
Skywalker family
Watto's shop
Jedi Order
Galactic Republic
Sith Order
Galactic Empire
Master
Obi-Wan Kenobi (as Jedi)
Darth Sidious (as Sith)
Apprentice
Jedi:
Ahsoka Tano
Sith (Legends):
Starkiller / Galen Marek
Lumiya
Homeworld Tatooine
Born 41 BBY
Died 4 ABY
Extended Family
Canon
Cliegg Lars (stepfather)
Owen Lars (stepbrother)
Beru Whitesun (stepsister-in-law)
Han Solo (son-in-law)
Jobal Naberrie (mother-in-law)
Ruwee Naberrie (father-in-law)
Sola Naberrie (sister-in-law)
Legends
Mara Jade Skywalker (daughter-in-law)
Ben Skywalker (grandson)
Jacen Solo (grandson)
Jaina Solo Fel (granddaughter)
Anakin Solo (grandson)
Allana "Amelia" Solo (great-granddaughter)
Jagged Fel (grandson-in-law)
Cade Skywalker (descendant)
Darth
Vader is a fictional character in the Star Wars franchise. The
character is the central antagonist of the original trilogy and, as
Anakin Skywalker, is one of the main protagonists in the prequel
trilogy. Star Wars creator George Lucas has collectively referred to the
first six episodic films of the franchise as "the tragedy of Darth
Vader".[2] He has become one of the most iconic villains in popular
culture, and has been listed among the greatest villains and fictional
characters ever.[3][4] His masked face is one of the most iconic
character designs of all time.
Originally a slave on Tatooine,
Anakin Skywalker is a Jedi prophesied to bring balance to the Force. He
is lured to the dark side of the Force by Chancellor Sheev Palpatine /
Darth Sidious and becomes a Sith Lord, assuming the title of Darth
Vader. After a lightsaber battle with his former mentor Obi-Wan Kenobi
on Mustafar, in which he is severely injured, Vader is transformed into a
cyborg. He then serves the Galactic Empire for over two decades as its
chief enforcer. Vader ultimately redeems himself by saving his son, Luke
Skywalker, and killing Palpatine, sacrificing his own life in the
process.[5] He is also the secret husband of Padmé Amidala, the
biological father of Princess Leia, and the grandfather of Kylo Ren (Ben
Solo). In the non-canonical Star Wars Legends continuity, he is also
the grandfather of Ben Skywalker, his eponym Anakin Solo, Jaina Solo and
Darth Caedus (Jacen Solo), and the great-grandfather of Allana Solo.
The
character has been portrayed by numerous actors: David Prowse
physically portrayed Vader while James Earl Jones has voiced him in all
of the films and some television shows, and Sebastian Shaw portrayed the
unmasked Anakin in Return of the Jedi, as well as the character's
spirit in the original release of that film.[e] Jake Lloyd played Anakin
Skywalker as a child in The Phantom Menace, the first film of the
prequel trilogy, while Hayden Christensen played him as a young adult in
the following two films, post-2004 releases of Return of the Jedi,[h]
and Obi-Wan Kenobi.
In addition to the first six Star Wars films,
the character appears in the anthology film Rogue One. He also appears
in television series (most substantially The Clone Wars) and numerous
iterations of the Star Wars Expanded Universe, including video games,
novels, and comic books. Due to Vader's popularity, various merchandise
of the character, such as action figures and replicas of his lightsaber,
has been produced.
Creation and development
Name
George Lucas, who created Vader's character
According
to Star Wars creator George Lucas, he experimented with various
combinations of names for the character built upon the phrase "Dark
Water". Then he "added lots of last names, Vaders and Wilsons and
Smiths, and ... just came up with the combination of Darth and Vader".
After the release of The Empire Strikes Back (1980), Lucas stated that
the name Vader was based upon the German/Dutch-language word Vater or
vader, meaning 'father', making the name representative of a "Dark
Father".[6] Other words which may have inspired the name are "death" and
"invader",[7] as well as the name of a high-school upperclassman of
Lucas's, Gary Vader.[8][9]
As no other character with the title
"Darth" was introduced until the release of The Phantom Menace
(1999),[v] some viewers interpreted it as the character's first name, in
part because Obi-Wan Kenobi addresses him as "Darth" in the original
film.[10][w] The moniker is bestowed upon Anakin in Revenge of the Sith
(2005) upon his turn to the dark side of the Force.
Director Ken
Annakin's films Swiss Family Robinson and Battle of the Bulge influenced
the original trilogy,[11] leading some to believe that Anakin was named
after him. Lucas' publicist denied this following Annakin's death in
2009.[12] Anakin and Luke's original surname "Starkiller" remained in
the script until a few months into filming Star Wars, when it was
dropped due to what Lucas called "unpleasant connotations" with Charles
Manson and replaced with "Skywalker".[13][x]
In other countries
In
France, the character's name was changed to "Dark Vador" starting with
the original film. The names of other characters were changed too, but
his is the only name that has been maintained even in the most recent
films. The title "Dark" was used in place of "Darth" for the other Sith
lords as well.[15]
In the Italian-language editions, Darth Vader
is named "Dart Fener". In 2005, before the release of Episode III, an
online survey asked Italian fans whether they would rather maintain the
Italian name or switch it to the original: the first option won. In
2015, when Episode VII had to be released, the Italian localisation
decided to change the name to the English "Darth Vader".[16]
In Iceland his name is "Svarthöfði" (which means "blackhead").
Concept and writing
In
the first draft of The Star Wars, tall, grim general "Darth Vader" was
already close in line with his final depiction, and the protagonist
Annikin Starkiller had a role similar to that of his son Luke's as the
16-year-old son of a respected warrior.[17] Originally, Lucas conceived
of the Sith as a group that served the Emperor in the same way that the
SS served Adolf Hitler. In developing the backstory for The Empire
Strikes Back, Lucas condensed this into one character in the form of
Darth Vader.[18]
After the success of the original Star Wars
film, Lucas hired science-fiction author Leigh Brackett to write the
sequel with him. They held story conferences and, by late November 1977,
Lucas had produced a handwritten treatment. In the first draft that
Brackett would write from this, Luke's father appears as a ghost to
instruct Luke.[19] Lucas was disappointed with the script, but Brackett
died of cancer before he could discuss it with her.[20] With no writer
available, Lucas wrote the next draft himself. In this draft, dated
April 1, 1978, he made use of a new plot twist: Vader claims to be
Luke's father.[21] According to Lucas, he found this draft enjoyable to
write, as opposed to the year-long struggles writing the first film.[22]
Lucas has said that he knew Vader was Luke's father while writing the
first film,[23] though the relationship is not explicitly evidenced
before said draft of The Empire Strikes Back.[21][24][25]
The new
plot element of Luke's parentage had drastic effects on the series.
Author Michael Kaminski argues in The Secret History of Star Wars that
it is unlikely that the plot point had ever seriously been considered or
even conceived of before 1978, and that the first film was clearly
operating under a storyline where Vader was a separate character from
Luke's father.[26] After writing the second and third drafts in which
the plot point was introduced, Lucas reviewed the new backstory he had
created: Anakin had been Obi-Wan Kenobi's brilliant student and had a
child named Luke, but was swayed to the dark side by Palpatine. Anakin
battled Obi-Wan on a volcano and was badly wounded, but was then reborn
as Vader. Meanwhile, Obi-Wan hid Luke on Tatooine while the Galactic
Republic became the tyrannical Galactic Empire and Vader systematically
hunted down and killed the Jedi.[27] An early draft of Return of the
Jedi ended with Luke taking Vader's helmet and declaring, "Now I am
Vader."[28]
After deciding to create the prequel trilogy, Lucas
indicated that the story arc would be a tragic one depicting Anakin's
fall to the dark side. He also saw that the prequels could form the
beginning of one long story that started with Anakin's childhood and
ended with his death, in what he has termed "the tragedy of Darth
Vader".[2] This was the final step towards turning the film series into a
"saga".[29] For the first prequel, Episode I: The Phantom Menace
(1999), Lucas made Anakin nine years old[30][y] to make the character's
separation from his mother more poignant.[32] Movie trailers focused on
Anakin and a one-sheet poster showing him casting Vader's shadow
informed otherwise unknowing audiences of the character's eventual
fate.[33] The movie ultimately achieved a primary goal of introducing
audiences to Anakin,[29] as well as introducing the concept that he is
the Chosen One of an ancient Jedi prophecy, destined to bring balance to
the Force. Lucas states in an interview recorded around the time of the
third prequel, Revenge of the Sith (2005), that "Anakin is the Chosen
One. Even when Anakin turns into Darth Vader, he is still the Chosen
One."[34]
Michael Kaminski offers evidence that issues in
Anakin's fall to the dark side prompted Lucas to make fundamental story
changes, first revising the opening sequence of Revenge of the Sith to
have Palpatine kidnapped and his apprentice, Count Dooku, killed by
Anakin in cold blood as the first act in the latter's turn towards the
dark side.[35] After principal photography was complete in 2003, Lucas
re-wrote Anakin's turn to the dark side; Anakin's fall from grace would
now be motivated by a desire to save his wife, Padmé Amidala, rather
than the previous version in which that reason was one of several,
including that he genuinely believed that the Jedi were plotting to take
over the Republic. This fundamental re-write was accomplished both
through editing the principal footage, and new and revised scenes filmed
during pick-ups in 2004.[36]
During production of the animated
The Clone Wars television series, Ahsoka Tano was developed to
illustrate how Anakin develops from the brash, undisciplined Padawan
apprentice in Attack of the Clones (2002) to the more reserved Jedi
Knight in Revenge of the Sith.[37] Clone Wars supervising director and
Star Wars Rebels co-creator Dave Filoni said that giving Anakin
responsibility for a Padawan was meant to place the character in a role
that forced him to become more cautious and responsible. It would also
give him insight into his relationship with Obi-Wan and depict how their
relationship matured. Ahsoka and Anakin's relationship was seen as an
essential story arc spanning both the animated film and Clone Wars
television series.[38] Filoni began thinking about the final
confrontation between Ahsoka and Vader ever since he created the
former;[39] different iterations had different endings,[40] including
one in which Vader kills Ahsoka just as she slashes open his helmet to
reveal his scarred face.[41] A similar scene is included in an episode
of Rebels, in which Ahsoka slashes Vader's helmet open, and the Sith
Lord recognizes her.[42] According to Filoni, Ahsoka's presence in the
series allows Vader to encounter the show's lead characters without the
latter being "destroyed", as Ahsoka can "stand toe-to-toe" with her
former master.[43]
Design
Ralph McQuarrie incorporated samurai armor into his conceptual designs for Vader's costume in 1975.
The
original design of Darth Vader's costume did not originally include a
helmet. The idea that Vader should wear a breathing apparatus was first
proposed by concept artist Ralph McQuarrie during preproduction
discussions for Star Wars with George Lucas in 1975. McQuarrie stated
that Lucas's artistic direction was to portray a malevolent figure in a
cape with samurai armor. "For Darth Vader, George just said he would
like to have a very tall, dark fluttering figure that had a spooky
feeling like it came in on the wind."[44] McQuarrie noted that the
script indicated that Vader would travel between spaceships and needed
to survive in the vacuum of space, and he proposed that Vader should
wear some sort of space suit. Lucas agreed, and McQuarrie combined a
full-face breathing mask with a samurai helmet, thus creating one of the
most iconic designs of space fantasy cinema.[45][44] McQuarrie's 1975
production painting of Darth Vader engaged in a lightsaber duel with
Deak Starkiller (a character prototype for Luke Skywalker) depicts Vader
wearing black armor, a flowing cape and an elongated, skull-like mask
and helmet. Its similarity to the final design of Vader's costume
demonstrates that McQuarrie's earliest conception of Vader was so
successful that very little needed to be changed for production.[46]
Darth Vader designers
Ralph McQuarrie
Ralph McQuarrie
Brian Muir
Brian Muir
Working
from McQuarrie's designs, the costume designer John Mollo devised a
costume that could be worn by an actor on-screen using a combination of
clerical robes, a motorcycle suit, a German military helmet and a
military gas mask.[47] The prop sculptor Brian Muir created the helmet
and armor used in the film.[48]
The sound of the respirator
function of Vader's mask was created by Ben Burtt using modified
recordings of scuba breathing apparatus used by divers.[49] The sound
effect is trademarked in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office under
Trademark #77419252 and is officially described in the documentation as
"The sound of rhythmic mechanical human breathing created by breathing
through a scuba tank regulator."[50]
Commentators have often
pointed to the influence of Akira Kurosawa's films such as The Hidden
Fortress (1958) on George Lucas, and Vader's samurai-inspired costume
design is held up as a significant example of the Japanese influences on
Star Wars.[51]
Portrayals
As Vader
David Prowse physically portrayed Vader in the original film trilogy.
Darth
Vader was portrayed by bodybuilder David Prowse in the original film
trilogy, with fencer Bob Anderson performing the character's lightsaber
fight scenes.[52][53] George Lucas thought that Prowse, who stood 6 feet
6 inches (1.98 metres) tall, "brought a physicality to Darth Vader that
was essential for the character ... with an imposing stature and
movement performance to match the intensity and undercurrent of Vader's
presence."[54]
Lucas chose to have a different actor be the voice
of Vader, since Prowse had a strong West Country English accent that
led the rest of the cast to nickname him "Darth Farmer". Lucas
originally intended for Orson Welles to voice Vader, but after deciding
that Welles's voice would be too recognizable, he cast the lesser-known
James Earl Jones instead.[55][56] Jones initially felt his contributions
to the films were too small to warrant recognition and his role was
uncredited at his request until the release of Return of the Jedi
(1983).[52] When Jones was specifically asked if he had supplied Vader's
voice for Revenge of the Sith—either newly or from a previous
recording—Jones answered, "You'd have to ask Lucas about that. I don't
know."[57] Hayden Christensen and Gene Bryant alternately portray Vader
in Revenge of the Sith.[58][59][60][z] During the production of Revenge
of the Sith, Christensen asked Lucas if a special Vader suit could be
constructed to fit his own body, rather than have a different actor don
one of the original sets of Vader armor worn by Prowse.[61] Brock Peters
provided the voice of Darth Vader in the NPR/USC radio series. Both
Spencer Wilding[62] and Daniel Naprous portrayed Vader in Rogue One
(2016), with Jones reprising his role as the character's voice.[63][64]
Vader's
character has also been portrayed in several video games; in games such
as Rebel Assault II: The Hidden Empire and Dark Forces, visual effects
artist C. Andrew Nelson appears in short sequences in the Vader costume,
voiced by Scott Lawrence. Matt Sloan, who appeared in the YouTube
parody Chad Vader, provided the voice of Darth Vader in The Force
Unleashed.[65] As a result of his video game appearances, Nelson was
cast to appear as Vader in brief sequences inserted into the Special
Edition of The Empire Strikes Back, in which Vader is seen boarding his
shuttle.[60]
In September 2022, it was confirmed that Jones would
retire from voicing the character. His voice was digitally recreated by
the company Respeecher for use in Obi-Wan Kenobi using artificial
intelligence, and Jones later signed over the rights to his performance
for future Star Wars productions.[66][67]
As Anakin
Hayden
Christensen portrayed Anakin Skywalker in the latter two episodes of
the prequel trilogy and other minor film appearances. He would later
take over portraying Vader as well in 2022.
During production of
Return of the Jedi, the casting crew sought an experienced actor for the
role of Anakin Skywalker since his death was unquestionably the
emotional climax of the film, and Sebastian Shaw was selected for the
role.[68][aa] When Shaw arrived at the set for filming, he ran into his
friend Ian McDiarmid, the actor playing the Emperor. When McDiarmid
asked him what he was doing there, Shaw responded, "I don't know, dear
boy, I think it's something to do with science-fiction."[70] His
presence during the filming was kept secret from all but the minimum
cast and crew, and Shaw was contractually obliged not to discuss any
film secrets with anyone, even his family. The unmasking scene, directed
by Richard Marquand, was filmed in one day and required only a few
takes, with no alteration from the original dialogue.[68] Lucas
personally directed Shaw for his appearance in the final scene of the
film, in which he plays Anakin's Force spirit. Shaw's likeness in this
scene was replaced with that of Christensen in the 2004 DVD release.
This attempt to tie the prequel and original trilogies together was one
of the most controversial changes in a Star Wars re-release.[71][72][z]
Shaw received more fan mail and autograph requests from Return of the
Jedi than he had for any role in the rest of his career. He later
reflected that he enjoyed his experience on the film and expressed
particular surprise that an action figure was made of his portrayal.[68]
When
The Phantom Menace was being produced, hundreds of actors were tested
for the role of young Anakin[74] before the producers settled on Jake
Lloyd, who Lucas considered met his requirements of "a good actor,
enthusiastic and very energetic". Producer Rick McCallum said that Lloyd
was "smart, mischievous and loves anything mechanical—just like
Anakin."[75][76] During production of Attack of the Clones, casting
director Robin Gurland reviewed about 1,500 other candidates for the
role of the young Anakin before Lucas eventually selected Hayden
Christensen for the role,[77] reportedly because he and Natalie Portman
(the actress who plays Padmé Amidala) "looked good together".[78] When
Revenge of the Sith was being produced, Christensen and Ewan McGregor
began rehearsing their climactic lightsaber duel long before Lucas would
shoot it. They trained extensively with stunt coordinator Nick Gillard
to memorize and perform their duel together. As in the previous prequel
film, McGregor and Christensen performed their own lightsaber fighting
scenes without the use of stunt doubles.[79]
Anakin has also been
voiced by Mat Lucas for the 2003 micro-series Clone Wars, and by Matt
Lanter in the CGI animated film The Clone Wars, the television series of
the same name and for Anakin's small roles in the animated series
Rebels and Forces of Destiny.[80] James Earl Jones reprised the voice
role for Vader's appearances in Rebels.[81][82] Both Lanter and Jones
contributed their voices for the second-season finale of Rebels, at
times with identical dialogue spoken by both actors blended together in
different ways.[83]
Characteristics
In Attack of the Clones,
Anakin Skywalker feels "smothered" by Obi-Wan Kenobi and is incapable of
controlling his own life.[84] By Revenge of the Sith, however, his
"father–son" friction with his master has matured into a more equal,
brotherly relationship.[85] Once he becomes Darth Vader, each evil act
he commits shatters any hope or connection towards his previous life,
which makes it harder for him to return to the light,[86] but he
ultimately escapes the dark side and redeems himself by sacrificing his
life to save his son, Luke Skywalker, and kill the Emperor in Return of
the Jedi.[87]
Eric Bui, a psychiatrist at University of Toulouse
Hospital, argued at the 2007 American Psychiatric Association convention
that Anakin Skywalker meets six of the nine diagnostic criteria for
borderline personality disorder (BPD), one more than necessary for a
diagnosis. He and a colleague, Rachel Rodgers, published their findings
in a 2010 letter to the editor of the journal Psychiatry Research. Bui
says he found Anakin Skywalker a useful example to explain BPD to
medical students.[88] In particular, Bui points to Anakin's abandonment
issues and uncertainty over his identity. Anakin's mass murders of the
Tusken Raiders in Attack of the Clones and the young Jedi in Revenge of
the Sith count as two dissociative episodes, fulfilling another
criterion. Bui hoped his paper would help raise awareness of the
disorder, especially among teens.[88]
Appearances
James Earl Jones voiced Darth Vader for the character's portrayals in film and television.
Darth
Vader/Anakin Skywalker appears in seven of the live-action Star Wars
films, the animated series The Clone Wars (including the film), Rebels,
and the micro-series Clone Wars and Forces of Destiny. He also has a
main and recurring role in games, comics, books and the non-canon Star
Wars Legends material.
Skywalker saga
Main article: Skywalker saga
Original trilogy
David Prowse as Darth Vader in The Empire Strikes Back (1980)
Darth
Vader first appears in Star Wars[w] as a ruthless cyborg Sith Lord
serving the Galactic Empire.[52] He is tasked, along with Grand Moff
Tarkin (Peter Cushing), with recovering the secret plans for the Death
Star battle station, which were stolen by the Rebel Alliance. Vader
captures and tortures Princess Leia (Carrie Fisher), who has hidden the
plans inside the droid R2-D2 (Kenny Baker) and sent it to find Vader's
former Jedi Master Obi-Wan Kenobi (Alec Guinness) on the planet
Tatooine. During Leia's rescue by Obi-Wan's allies Luke Skywalker (Mark
Hamill) and Han Solo (Harrison Ford), Vader strikes down Obi-Wan in a
lightsaber duel. Having placed a tracking device aboard their ship, the
Millennium Falcon, Vader is able to track down the Rebel base on the
planet Yavin 4.[89] During the Rebel attack on the Death Star, Vader
boards his TIE Advanced and shoots down Rebel X-wings, but Solo
intervenes and sends Vader's ship spiraling off course, allowing Luke to
destroy the Death Star.
In The Empire Strikes Back, Vader
becomes obsessed with finding the Force-sensitive Luke[89] and leads his
stormtroopers to attack on the Rebel base on Hoth, but the Rebels
escape. While conversing with the Emperor (Ian McDiarmid) via hologram,
Vader convinces him that Luke would be a valuable ally if he could be
turned to the dark side. Vader hires a group of bounty hunters to follow
Luke's friends, and negotiates with Bespin administrator Lando
Calrissian (Billy Dee Williams) to set a trap for them to bait Luke.[89]
After Han, Leia, Chewbacca (Peter Mayhew), and C-3PO (Anthony Daniels)
arrive, Vader tortures and freezes Han in carbonite and gives him to the
bounty hunter Boba Fett (Jeremy Bulloch).[89] When Luke arrives, Vader
overpowers him in a lightsaber duel, severing his hand. Vader tells Luke
that he is his father, and tries to persuade him to join the dark side
and help him overthrow the Emperor. Horrified, Luke escapes through an
air shaft. Vader telepathically tells Luke that it is his destiny to
join the dark side.[89]
In Return of the Jedi, Vader and the
Emperor supervise the final stages of the second Death Star's
construction.[89] Thinking that there is still good in his father, Luke
surrenders to Vader and tries to convince him to turn from the dark
side. Vader takes Luke to the second Death Star to meet the Emperor.
While there, the Emperor tempts Luke to give in to his anger, which
leads to Vader dueling with Luke once again.[89] Realizing that Leia is
Luke's twin sister, Vader threatens to turn her to the dark side if Luke
will not submit. Furious, Luke overpowers Vader and severs his father's
cybernetic hand. The Emperor entreats Luke to kill Vader and take his
place. Luke refuses and the Emperor tortures him with Force lightning.
Unwilling to let his son die for the same reasons he once stood for,
Vader grabs the Emperor, picks him up and throws the Emperor down a
reactor shaft to his death, but is mortally electrocuted in the
process.[89][90] The redeemed Anakin Skywalker asks Luke to remove his
mask, and admits that there was still good in him after all as he dies
peacefully in his son's arms.[90] Luke escapes the second Death Star
with his father's body and cremates it in a pyre on Endor. As the Rebels
celebrate the second Death Star's destruction and the Empire's defeat,
Luke sees the spirits of Anakin, Yoda (Frank Oz), and Obi-Wan watching
over him.[90]
In the original trilogy David Prowse physically
portrayed Vader while James Earl Jones voiced him. Sebastian Shaw
portrayed the unmasked Anakin in Return of the Jedi, as well as the
character's spirit prior to the 2004 re-release when he was replaced by
Hayden Christensen as Anakin's Force spirit.
Prequel trilogy
A
wax sculpture at the Madame Tussauds Star Wars exhibit in London
depicting Hayden Christensen as Anakin Skywalker from the prequel
trilogy
In Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace, which takes
place 32 years before A New Hope, Anakin appears as a nine-year-old
slave[32] living on Tatooine with his mother Shmi (Pernilla August). In
addition to being a gifted pilot and mechanic, Anakin has built his own
protocol droid, C-3PO. Jedi Master Qui-Gon Jinn (Liam Neeson) meets
Anakin after making an emergency landing on Tatooine with Queen of Naboo
Padmé Amidala (Natalie Portman). Qui-Gon learns from Shmi that Anakin
was conceived without a father and can foresee the future. Qui-Gon
senses Anakin's strong connection to the Force and becomes convinced
that he is the "Chosen One" of Jedi prophecy who will bring balance to
the Force. He is even more convinced of this after learning Skywalker's
midi-chlorian count was off the charts, revealing his potential to wield
the Force was unparalleled. After winning his freedom in a podrace
wager, Anakin leaves with Qui-Gon to be trained as a Jedi on Coruscant,
but is forced to leave his mother behind. During the journey, Anakin
forms a bond with Padmé. Qui-Gon asks the Jedi Council for permission to
train Anakin, but they refuse, concerned about his vulnerability to the
dark side. Eventually, Anakin helps end the corrupt Trade Federation's
invasion of Naboo by destroying their control ship. After Qui-Gon is
killed in a lightsaber duel with Sith Lord Darth Maul (portrayed by Ray
Park, voiced by Peter Serafinowicz), he asks his apprentice Obi-Wan
Kenobi (Ewan McGregor) to train Anakin, with the council's reluctant
acceptance.[90] Palpatine, newly elected as the Galactic Republic's
Chancellor, befriends Anakin and tells him he will "watch [his] career
with great interest".
In Episode II: Attack of the Clones, which
takes place 10 years after The Phantom Menace, 19-year-old Anakin is
still Obi-Wan's Padawan apprentice. Over the years, he has grown
powerful but arrogant, and believes that Obi-Wan is holding him back.
After rescuing Padmé from an assassination attempt, Anakin travels with
her to Naboo as her bodyguard, and they fall in love, which is against
the Jedi Code. Sensing that Shmi is in pain, Anakin travels with Padmé
to Tatooine to rescue his mother. While there, Anakin learns that Shmi
had been freed by and married farmer Cliegg Lars (Jack Thompson) a few
years after he left. He then visits Cliegg and learns from him that she
was kidnapped by Tusken Raiders. Anakin locates Shmi at a Tusken
campsite, where she dies in his arms. Overcome with grief and rage,
Anakin massacres the Tusken tribe and returns to the Lars homestead to
bury Shmi.[90] Anakin then travels with Padmé to Geonosis to rescue
Obi-Wan from Sith Lord Count Dooku (Christopher Lee). Dooku captures the
trio and sentences them to death. However, a battalion of Jedi arrives
with an army of clone troopers to halt the executions. Obi-Wan and
Anakin confront Dooku, but the Sith Lord beats them both in a lightsaber
duel and severs Anakin's arm. After being rescued by Yoda, Anakin is
fitted with a robotic arm and marries Padmé in a secret ceremony.
In
Episode III: Revenge of the Sith, set three years after Attack of the
Clones, Anakin is now a Jedi Knight and a hero of the Clone Wars. He and
Obi-Wan lead a mission to rescue Palpatine from Separatist commander
General Grievous (voiced by Matthew Wood). The two Jedi battle Count
Dooku, whom Anakin overpowers and decapitates in cold blood at
Palpatine's urging. They rescue Palpatine and return to Coruscant.
Anakin reunites with Padmé, who tells him that she is pregnant. Although
initially excited, Anakin soon begins to have nightmares about Padmé
dying in childbirth.[90] Palpatine also appoints Anakin to the Jedi
Council as his personal representative. Suspicious of Palpatine, the
Council allows Anakin as a member, but declines to grant him the rank of
Jedi Master and instead instructs him to spy on Palpatine, diminishing
Anakin's trust in the Jedi. Later, Palpatine reveals to Anakin that he
is Sith Lord Darth Sidious, the mastermind of the war, and says that
only he has the power to save Padmé from dying. Anakin reports
Palpatine's treachery to Jedi Master Mace Windu (Samuel L. Jackson), who
confronts and subdues the Sith Lord. Desperate to save Padmé, Anakin
intervenes on Palpatine's behalf and disarms Windu, allowing Palpatine
to kill him. Anakin then pledges himself to the Sith, and Palpatine dubs
him Darth Vader.[90]
On Palpatine's orders, Vader leads the
501st Legion to kill everyone in the Jedi Temple, including the
children, and then goes to the volcanic planet Mustafar to assassinate
the Separatist Council. A distraught Padmé goes to Mustafar and pleads
with Vader to abandon the dark side, but he refuses. Sensing Obi-Wan's
presence, and thinking that they are conspiring to kill him, Vader
angrily uses the Force to strangle Padmé to unconsciousness. Obi-Wan
engages Vader in a lightsaber duel that ends with Obi-Wan severing
Vader's limbs and leaving him for dead on the banks of a lava flow,
where Vader sustains severe burns. Palpatine finds a barely alive Vader
and takes him to Coruscant, where his mutilated body is treated and
covered in the black suit first depicted in the original trilogy. When
Vader asks if Padmé is safe, Palpatine says that he killed her out of
anger, devastating him. At the end of the film, Vader supervises the
construction of the first Death Star alongside Palpatine and Tarkin
(Wayne Pygram).
Jake Lloyd played Anakin Skywalker as a child in
The Phantom Menace, while Hayden Christensen played him as a young adult
in the following two films. James Earl Jones reprised his role as the
voice of Vader under his mask.
Sequel trilogy
Thirty years
after the Galactic Civil War, Darth Vader's melted helmet appears in The
Force Awakens (2015), in which Vader's grandson Kylo Ren (Adam Driver) –
who has followed in his grandfather's footsteps by falling to the dark
side and betraying the Jedi – is seen addressing him, though Vader does
not appear in the film.[ab] At one point, his helmet was considered as
the film's MacGuffin.[91] The helmet appears again in The Rise of
Skywalker (2019), when Kylo briefly meditates with it, and during the
film's first duel between Kylo and Rey (Daisy Ridley). The helmet is
last seen on the planet Kijimi, which is later destroyed by a Sith Star
Destroyer. The film also reveals that the voice which Ren perceived
coming from Vader's helmet in The Force Awakens was generated by a
resurrected Palpatine.
In The Rise of Skywalker, Anakin makes a
vocal cameo, along with other "voices of Jedi Past", where he encourages
Rey to "bring back the balance... as [he] did" before she faces
Palpatine and his Sith forces.[92][93] Palpatine uses the voice of Darth
Vader to telepathically speak to Ren.
He is voiced by James Earl Jones as Vader and Hayden Christensen as Anakin.
Other Star Wars films
The Clone Wars (film)
In
the 2008 3D animated film The Clone Wars, Yoda (voiced by Tom Kane)
assigns Ahsoka Tano (voiced by Ashley Eckstein) as Anakin's Padawan
apprentice, a responsibility Anakin is at first reluctant to accept.
Anakin calls her "Snips" for her "snippy" attitude, while Ahsoka calls
him "Skyguy" as a pun on his surname.[90] After earning Anakin's respect
during a dangerous mission, Ahsoka joins him on a quest to rescue Jabba
the Hutt's infant son, Rotta. Her impetuousness both annoys and endears
her to her master, and Anakin develops a friendly affection for his
apprentice.
He is voiced by Matt Lanter.
Rogue One
In
the anthology film Rogue One (2016), Darth Vader makes a cameo
appearance in which he summons Orson Krennic (Ben Mendelsohn), the
Imperial Director of Advanced Weapons Research, to his castle on
Mustafar. He confronts him about his handling of the Death Star project
and the destruction of Jedha City, while Krennic asks Vader for an
audience with the Emperor regarding the Death Star, which he lost
command of to Tarkin. Vader refuses, ordering him to ensure that the
Death Star project has not been compromised.[94] When Krennic asks him
if he would still regain command of the Death Star, Vader uses the Force
to choke him, telling him, "Be careful not to choke on your
aspirations, Director."[95] At the end of the film, Vader boards the
disabled Rebel flagship, the MC75 Star Cruiser Profundity, with a cadre
of 501st Legion troopers and kills several Rebel soldiers as he attempts
to recover the plans. However, the docked blockade runner Tantive IV
escapes with the plans, setting up the events of A New Hope.
Darth
Vader had a much different role in early versions of the film's story.
Screenwriter Gary Whitta stated that in his initial pitch, Vader would
appear on Scarif and slaughter the Rebel blockade there.[96] In an
earlier storyline, Vader would also have killed Krennic for his failure
to prevent the Rebels from stealing the Death Star plans.[97] An image
of a deleted scene featuring Vader was revealed in February 2021 by
Industrial Light & Magic visual effects animator Hal Hickel, who
added that Vader was supposed to have a conversation with Tarkin in that
scene.[98]
James Earl Jones also reprises his role from previous
films as the voice of Darth Vader, who is physically portrayed by
Spencer Wilding during the meeting with Krennic and aboard the Star
Destroyer, and by Daniel Naprous for the end scene.
Television series
Clone Wars (2003–2005)
Anakin
is a lead character in all three seasons of the Clone Wars
micro-series, which takes place shortly after the conclusion of Attack
of the Clones. Anakin becomes a Jedi Knight and is quickly promoted to a
General of the Republic's Clone Army, due in part to Palpatine's
(voiced by Nick Jameson) influence. Among other missions, he fights a
duel with Dooku's apprentice Asajj Ventress (voiced by Grey DeLisle),
helps Obi-Wan (voiced by James Arnold Taylor) capture a
Separatist-controlled fortress and rescues Jedi Master Saesee Tiin
(voiced by Dee Bradley Baker) during a space battle. During the third
season, Anakin frees a planet's indigenous species from Separatist
control and sees a cryptic vision of his future as Darth Vader. In the
series finale, Anakin and Obi-Wan go on a mission to rescue Palpatine
from General Grievous, leading to the opening of Revenge of the Sith.
He is voiced by Mat Lucas as an adult and Frankie Ryan Mariquez as a child.
The Clone Wars (2008–2014, 2020)
Anakin
is a lead character in all seasons of The Clone Wars. As a Jedi Knight,
he leads the 501st Legion on missions with both his master Obi-Wan and
apprentice Ahsoka Tano throughout the war. Some of Anakin's actions
taken out of concern for Ahsoka violate the Jedi code, such as torturing
prisoners who may know her location when she goes missing.[99]
Throughout the series there are several references to Anakin's eventual
fall to the dark side, including visions of his future as Darth Vader in
the third season, and disillusion with the Jedi Council after they
wrongly accuse Ahsoka of bombing the Jedi Temple in the fifth season.
While she is later forgiven after the true culprit is found, she
nonetheless chooses to leave the Jedi Order.[100] Anakin appears as
Vader in the final scene of the series finale, set some time after
Revenge of the Sith. He investigates the crash site of the Venator-class
Star Destroyer Tribunal, which was destroyed during Order 66. Finding
one of Ahsoka's lightsabers among the wreckage, Vader assumes that his
former Padawan has perished and leaves in silence.
Matt Lanter reprised his role as Anakin from the movie.
Rebels (2014–2018)
Darth
Vader appears in Star Wars Rebels, which takes place 14 years after The
Clone Wars concluded. He makes minor appearances throughout the first
season, and serves as the main antagonist for most the second
season.[101] At the beginning of the series, Vader leads a squadron of
Force-sensitive Imperial Inquisitors who actively search for and kill
any remaining Jedi and Force-sensitive children. In the first season, he
dispatches the Grand Inquisitor to hunt a Rebel cell causing trouble
for the Empire on Lothal, and personally arrives on Lothal to deal with
the Rebel threat after the Inquisitor is killed. In the second-season
premiere, Vader orchestrates the murder of Imperial Minister Maketh Tua,
who tried to defect to the Rebellion, and confronts the Jedi Kanan
Jarrus and Ezra Bridger. When he later attacks the fleet of the Phoenix
Squadron, Vader discovers that Ahsoka is still alive and has joined the
Rebel Alliance,[102] while Ahsoka is overwhelmed when she recognizes
Anakin under "a layer of hate" in Darth Vader. The Emperor orders Vader
to dispatch another Inquisitor to capture her.[40] Later in the season,
Ahsoka has a vision in which Anakin blames her for allowing him to fall
to the dark side. In the season finale, Ahsoka duels with her former
master inside a Sith Temple, allowing her friends to escape Vader and
the temple's destruction. As the episode concludes, Vader escapes from
the temple's ruins while Ahsoka's fate is left unknown. Vader makes a
final voiceless cameo in the late fourth-season episode "A World Between
Worlds", in which it is revealed that Ahsoka escaped from her previous
duel with Vader by entering a Force-realm that exists outside of time
and space. Shortly afterward, Vader's voice (archival audio from Return
of the Jedi) is heard echoing in the void.
Matt Lanter reprised
his role from The Clone Wars as Anakin and James Earl Jones as Vader.
Both Lanter and Jones contributed their voices for the second-season
finale, at times with identical dialogue spoken by both actors blended
together in different ways.
Forces of Destiny (2017–2018)
Anakin
Skywalker appears in multiple episodes of the 2D animated online
micro-series Forces of Destiny[80] with Matt Lanter reprising his role.
Obi-Wan Kenobi (2022)
Hayden
Christensen returned as Darth Vader, both in and out of armor, in the
Disney+ streaming series Obi-Wan Kenobi[103] with Dimitrious Bistrevesky
serving as performance artist for the character, while James Earl Jones
returns to voice the character. The series reveals that for a decade
after their duel on Mustafar, Obi-Wan believed his fallen apprentice to
be dead, only for the Imperial Inquisitor Reva to reveal that Anakin
Skywalker is alive.[104] After Reva draws out Kenobi, Vader begins
hunting his former master, seeking to exact revenge on Kenobi for the
injuries he inflicted upon him back on Mustafar. Christensen also
returns in flashback sequences, both as a newly minted Darth Vader
carrying out the massacre at the Jedi Temple, and as Padawan Anakin
Skywalker, training with Kenobi in the years preceding the Clone Wars.
Ahsoka
In
October 2021, The Hollywood Reporter reported that, according to
undisclosed sources, Christensen would reprise his role as Anakin in the
Ahsoka series, which is set after the original trilogy and scheduled
for 2023.[105]
Video games
Darth Vader and Anakin Skywalker
have appeared in a number of Star Wars since the earliest days of the
franchise, though rarely as a playable character. Vader plays a central
role in Star Wars: The Force Unleashed (2008), where he is the playable
character for the first level of the game. He also appears in the sequel
Star Wars: The Force Unleashed II as the final boss.
Vader makes
a cameo appearance in the final mission of Star Wars Jedi: Fallen
Order, after the main antagonist, the Second Sister, is defeated. After
Vader kills her for her failure to retrieve a Jedi Holocron, the
protagonist, Padawan Cal Kestis, must escape from Vader, who attempts to
get the Holocron in his possession. Cal is ultimately able to escape
from Vader's grasp with the help of his allies.
Darth Vader has appeared as a playable character in every Lego Star Wars video game to date, including The Skywalker Saga.[106]
Darth
Vader has appeared as a playable character and a boss in Angry Birds
Star Wars and its sequel played by Red. When Vader is used, building
blocks magnetically stick to his body and are then fired out at various
angles.[107]
Darth Vader is also a playable character in Disney
Infinity 3.0,[108] and a playable character to unlock for a limited time
in Disney Magic Kingdoms.[109]
In video games, Darth Vader is
often voiced by Scott Lawrence or Matt Sloan, while Anakin is voiced by
Mat Lucas and Matt Lanter.[citation needed]
Canon literature
Star
Wars: Lords of the Sith was one of the first four canon novels to be
released in 2014 and 2015.[110] In it, Vader and Palpatine find
themselves hunted by revolutionaries on the Twi'lek planet
Ryloth.[111][112]
Comics
See also: Star Wars comics
In
2015, Marvel released a 25-issue series called Darth Vader
(2015–16),[113] written by Kieron Gillen. It focuses on the Sith lord in
the aftermath of the Death Star's destruction, as well as his life
after learning about his son's existence,[114] and introduces franchise
fan favorite character Doctor Aphra.[115] This series takes place
parallel to the comic book series Star Wars, in which Vader and Luke
meet;[116] the two series have a crossover titled Vader Down.[117] A
continuation set between The Empire Strikes Back and Return of the Jedi
debuted in 2020, written by Greg Pak.[118] The first few issues deal
with Vader carrying out his revenge on those who concealed Luke; he also
visits Padmé's tomb on Naboo and encounters her handmaidens.[119] A
subsequent story arc depicts Vader being tested by the Emperor and
incorporates elements created for The Rise of Skywalker.[120][121]
The
five-issue limited series Obi-Wan & Anakin (2016), written by
Charles Soule, depicts the lives of the titular Jedi between The Phantom
Menace and Attack of the Clones. At New York Comic Con 2015, Soule
described the story as "pretty unexplored territory".[122]
Between
2017 and 2018, Soule wrote a prequel-era series, also called Darth
Vader (sometimes subtitled Dark Lord of the Sith). It begins immediately
after Vader wakes up in his armor at the end of Revenge of the Sith and
explores his emotional transformation upon learning of Padmé's death,
his adjustment to his mechanical suit, how he creates his red-bladed
lightsaber, and his hunting of Jedi in the Inquisitor program
(introduced in Rebels).[123] Its final arc, which deals with the
construction of Vader's fortress on Mustafar, implies that Palpatine
used the Force to conceive Anakin in utero,[124] as some had theorized
that Revenge of the Sith indicates.[125][ac] A Lucasfilm story group
member later clarified that "This is all in Anakin's head".[126][ad]
A
five-issue limited series written by Dennis Hopeless, Vader: Dark
Visions, was released in 2019. According to Marvel, the series "sheds
new light on the many sides of the galaxy's greatest villain".[127]
Legends
In
April 2014, most of the licensed Star Wars novels and comics produced
since the originating 1977 film Star Wars were rebranded by Lucasfilm as
Legends and declared non-canon to the franchise.[110][128]
Books
Vader
is featured prominently in novels set in the Star Wars universe. In the
1978 novel Splinter of the Mind's Eye by Alan Dean Foster, Vader meets
Luke Skywalker for the first time and engages him in a lightsaber duel
that ends with Luke cutting off Vader's arm and Vader falling into a
deep pit.[52] Shadows of the Empire (1996) reveals that Vader is
conflicted about trying to turn his son to the dark side of the Force,
and knows deep down that he still has good in him.
Vader's
supposedly indestructible glove is the MacGuffin of the young-reader's
book The Glove of Darth Vader (1992). Anakin Skywalker's redeemed spirit
appears in The Truce at Bakura (1993), set a few days after the end of
Return of the Jedi. He appears to Leia, imploring her forgiveness. Leia
condemns Anakin for his crimes and banishes him from her life. He
promises that he will be there for her when she needs him, and
disappears. In Tatooine Ghost (2003), Leia learns to forgive her father
after learning about his childhood as a slave and his mother's traumatic
death. In The Unifying Force (2003), Anakin tells his grandson Jacen
Solo to "stand firm" in his battle with the Supreme Overlord of the
Yuuzhan Vong.
Upon the release of the prequel films, the Expanded
Universe grew to include novels about Vader's former life as Anakin
Skywalker. Greg Bear's 2000 novel Rogue Planet and Jude Watson's Jedi
Quest series chronicle Anakin's early missions with Obi-Wan, while James
Luceno's 2005 novel Labyrinth of Evil, set during the Clone Wars,
depicts Anakin battling Separatist commander General Grievous. In
Luceno's Dark Lord: The Rise of Darth Vader (2005), set a few months
after the events of Revenge of the Sith, Vader disavows his identity as
Anakin Skywalker as he systematically pursues and kills the surviving
Jedi and cements his position in the Empire.
In the Dark Nest
trilogy (2005), Luke and Leia uncover old recordings of their parents in
R2-D2's memory drive; for the first time, they see their own birth and
their mother's death, as well as their father's corruption to the dark
side. In Bloodlines (2006), Han and Leia's son Jacen—who has turned to
the dark side—uses the Force to envision Vader slaughtering the children
at the Jedi Temple.
Vader also appears in a series of
tongue-in-cheek children's books by Jeffrey Brown.[129] In Brown's
series, a hapless Vader sets out to be a father to a young Luke and
Leia, with some scenes portraying light-hearted versions of their darker
film counterparts. For example, one scene shows Vader, Luke and Leia at
the carbonite freezing chamber on Bespin, with Vader pronouncing the
freezer adequate for making ice cream.
Comics
Vader appears in
several comic books such as Marvel Comics' Star Wars (1977–1986). In
Dark Empire II, he is revealed to have had a castle on the planet
Vjun.[130] Anakin Skywalker is a major character in Dark Horse Comics'
Star Wars: Republic series (1998–2006). In Boba Fett: Enemy of the
Empire (1999), Vader hires Fett a few years before the events of A New
Hope. In Vader's Quest (1999), set soon after A New Hope, the dark lord
encounters Luke for the first time.[ae] Star Wars: Empire (2002–2005)
spans from about a year before A New Hope to several months afterwards.
Anakin and Vader appear in the non-canonical Star Wars Tales
(1999–2005); in the story Resurrection, Darth Maul is resurrected and
faces Vader in battle.[132]
Vader-centric comics released and set
just after Revenge of the Sith include Dark Times (2006–2013), Darth
Vader and the Lost Command (2011), Darth Vader and the Ghost Prison
(2012), and Darth Vader and the Cry of Shadows (2013–14).
Virtual reality game
Main article: Vader Immortal: A Star Wars VR Series
In
the 2015 Star Wars Celebration, it was announced David S. Goyer was
helping to develop a virtual reality game series based on Darth Vader.
As an observer with limited influence, the player is able to walk, pick
up, push and open things, and possibly affect the story.[133] The game,
titled Vader Immortal, had three episodes overall, set between Revenge
of the Sith and Rogue One; the first became available with the launch of
Oculus Quest,[134] while the last episode was released on November 21,
2019.[135] The game was later ported to the Oculus Rift. On August 25,
2020, all three episodes were also released on PlayStation VR.[136]
In the games Vader was voiced by Scott Lawrence.
Other
The
Star Wars Holiday Special, a television special broadcast by CBS in
1978, features a brief appearance of Darth Vader, who appears on-screen
speaking with Imperial officer "Chief Bast" in footage cut from the
original 1977 film. The sequence is dubbed with new dialogue, performed
by James Earl Jones. In the story, Vader colludes with Boba Fett to
entrap the Rebels.[137]
He appears in the Lego Star Wars shorts voiced by Matt Sloan as Vader and Kirby Morrow as Anakin.
Darth
Vader features in the 1981 radio drama adaptation of Star Wars, voiced
by the actor Brock Peters. Vader makes his first appearance on the
planet Ralltiir, where he treats Princess Leia with suspicion. In later
extended scenes, he is heard interrogating and torturing Leia on board
his Star Destroyer and aboard the Death Star.[138][139]
Vader appears in Star Tours – The Adventures Continue, where he is once again voiced by Jones.[140]
Darth
Vader has also appeared in non-Star Wars video games as a guest
character, for example Soulcalibur IV (2008). An action figure of Vader
comes to life alongside RoboCop and Jurassic Park toys in The Indian in
the Cupboard (1995).[141] Vader also had a brief cameo in Night at the
Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian (2009), in which he and Oscar the
Grouch try unsuccessfully to join the army formed by Ivan the Terrible,
Napoleon and Al Capone.[142][143]
Cultural impact
See also: Cultural impact of Star Wars
In
2003, the American Film Institute listed Vader as the third greatest
movie villain in cinema history on AFI's 100 Years...100 Heroes &
Villains, behind Hannibal Lecter and Norman Bates.[144] His role as a
tragic hero in the saga has also met with positive reviews.[145][146]
Contrarily, in 1977, a New Journal and Guide writer criticized the lack
of racial diversity in the original Star Wars film, pointing out that
"the force of evil ... is dressed in all black and has the voice of a
black man."[147] George Lucas felt hurt at such accusations.[148]
Psychiatrists
have considered Vader to be a useful example for explaining borderline
personality disorder to medical students.[88] Anakin's origin story in
The Phantom Menace has been compared to signifiers of African American
racial identity, particularly his being a slave,[149] and his
dissatisfaction with his life has been compared to Siddartha's before he
became Gautama Buddha.[150] A Mexican church advised Christians against
seeing The Phantom Menace because it portrays Anakin as a Christ
figure.[151]
Darth Vader grotesque on the northwest tower of the Washington National Cathedral (Episcopal Church) in Washington, D.C.
Many
films and television series have paid homage to Darth Vader. The 1982
movie Cosmic Princess, compiled from parts of Space: 1999 episodes,
contains several Star Wars references including a character named
"Vader".[152] Marty McFly in Back to the Future (1985), dressed in a
radiation suit, calls himself "Darth Vader from the planet Vulcan" in
one scene. Vader is parodied as "Dark Helmet" (Rick Moranis) in the Star
Wars parody Spaceballs (1987). A primary antagonist in Final Fantasy IV
(1991) was stated by game creator Takashi Tokita to be based on
Vader.[153] In Chasing Amy (1997), Hooper X (Dwight Ewell) speaks at a
comic book convention about Darth Vader being a metaphor for how poorly
the science fiction genre treats Black people; he is especially offended
that Vader, the "Blackest brother in the galaxy", reveals himself to be
a "feeble, crusty old white man" at the end of Return of the Jedi.
Vader, especially his role as a father, is parodied as Emperor Zurg in
Toy Story 2.[154] The character of Dark Mayhem in The Thundermans is
also a parody of Vader, especially in his original depiction. The Warner
Bros. animated show Loonatics Unleashed has a Sylvester the Cat-type
character named Sylth Vester, a play on Vader and his name.
Chewing lice; the one on the right, with a Vader-esque head, is Ricinus vaderi.
The
slime-mold beetle Agathidium vaderi is named after Vader,[155] as is
the louse Ricinus vaderi.[156] Several buildings across the globe are
regularly compared to him.[157][158][159][160][161] A grotesque of Darth
Vader looms over the east face of the Washington National Cathedral's
northwest tower.[162] During the 2007–08 NHL season, Ottawa Senators
goaltender Martin Gerber performed so well in an all-black mask that
fans endearingly termed him "Darth Gerber".[163]
Many
commentators and comedians have also evoked Vader's visage to satirize
politicians and other public figures, and several American political
figures have been unflatteringly compared to the character. In response
to Ronald Reagan's proposed Strategic Defense Initiative (dubbed "Star
Wars" by his political opponents), German news magazine Der Spiegel
portrayed the president wearing Vader's helmet on its cover in
1984.[164] In 2005, Al Gore referred to Tele-Communications Inc.'s John
C. Malone as the "Darth Vader of cable",[165] and political strategist
Lee Atwater was known by his political enemies as "the Darth Vader of
the Republican Party".[166] Native American artist Bunky Echohawk
portrayed General George Armstrong Custer as Vader in his painting Darth
Custer.[167] In 2015, a statue of Vladimir Lenin in Odessa, Ukraine,
was converted into one of Vader due to a law on decommunization.[168]
In
2006, while discussing the war on terror, US Vice President Dick Cheney
stated, "I suppose, sometimes, people look at my demeanor and say,
'Well, he's the Darth Vader of the administration.'"[169] In January
2007, Jon Stewart put on a Vader helmet to address Cheney as a "kindred
spirit" on The Daily Show.[170] Cheney's wife, Lynne, presented Stewart
with a Darth Vader action figure on her October 2007 appearance on the
show. Both Stewart and Stephen Colbert have occasionally referred to
Cheney as "Darth Cheney". In the satirical cartoon show Lil' Bush,
Cheney's father is portrayed as Vader. At a presidential campaign event
in September 2007, Hillary Clinton also referred to Cheney as Vader. At
the 2008 Washington Radio and Television Correspondents' Association
Dinner, Cheney joked that his wife told him that the Vader comparison
"humanizes" him. In 2009, George Lucas stated that Cheney is more akin
to Palpatine, and that a better stand-in for Vader would be George W.
Bush.[171] An issue of Newsweek referenced this quote, and compared Bush
and Cheney to Vader and Palpatine, respectively, in a satirical article
comparing politicians to various Star Wars and Star Trek
characters.[172]
An Iraqi Fedayeen Saddam helmet in the Army Flying Museum
The
Fedayeen Saddam, an Iraqi paramilitary organisation, was issued with
fiber glass Darth Vader-style helmets from 1995, apparently at the
instigation of their commander, Uday Hussein, who was said to have been
an avid Star Wars fan. A number of them were brought to the United
States and the United Kingdom as souvenirs following the 2003 invasion
of Iraq.[173]
In 2010, IGN ranked Darth Vader 25th in the "Top 100 Videogame Villains".[174]
In Ukraine, the Internet Party of Ukraine regularly lets people named Darth Vader take part in elections.[175][af]
In 2019, an original Vader helmet from The Empire Strikes Back was sold for $900,000 in an online auction.[183]
On
December 2, 2020, a figurine of Vader appeared on the plinth where the
statue of Edward Colston once stood in Bristol, United Kingdom, in what
was seen as a tribute to David Prowse, who died on November 29,
2020.[184]
Relationships
Family tree
Main articles: Skywalker family and Solo family
Skywalker family[185] tree
Aika
Lars[n 1] Cliegg Lars Shmi Skywalker-Lars
Jobal Naberrie[n 2] Ruwee Naberrie[n 2] House
of Organa
Beru Whitesun Owen Lars Anakin Skywalker
Darth Vader Padmé Amidala Bail Organa Breha Organa
Luke Skywalker Leia Organa Han Solo
Ben Solo
Kylo Ren
Notes:
Appears in Pablo Hidalgo's Star Wars Character Encyclopedia: Updated and Expanded (2016)
Attack of the Clones (2002) and Revenge of the Sith (2005)
Mentorship tree
Main articles: Jedi and Sith
Jedi Order master-apprentice relationship
Yoda
Count
Dooku Mace
Windu
Qui-Gon
Jinn Depa
Billaba
Younglings
Obi-Wan
Kenobi Kanan
Jarrus
Anakin
Skywalker Ezra
Bridger
Luke
Skywalker
Ahsoka
Tano
Grogu Leia
Organa
Ben Solo
[n 1] Rey
[n 1]
Notes:
Ben Solo and Rey are a Force dyad
References
Notes
Episodes IV–VI
Episodes V–VI, stunts
Rogue One
Obi Wan Kenobi (Performance Artist)
Shaw's
appeared as Anakin's Force spirit prior to the 2004 re-release of
Return of the Jedi, when he was replaced by Hayden Christensen as
Anakin's Force spirit.
Episode VI[e]
Episode I
Christensen also replaced Shaw's appearance as Anakin's Force spirit in the 2004 DVD re-release of Return of the Jedi.
Episodes II–III, Obi-Wan Kenobi[h]
Episodes III–VI, IX, Rogue One, Rebels, Obi-Wan Kenobi
various video games, Lego Star Wars series
Episode IX; archive audio on Rebels and The Clone Wars TV series
Clone Wars and various video games
The Clone Wars film and TV series, Rebels, Forces of Destiny and various video games
Episode I
Episode II
Episode III, The Clone Wars
Episode III
The Clone Wars
Episodes III–VI, Rogue One, Rebels
Episodes III–VI, Rogue One, Rebels
The
names of characters in the prequel trilogy such as Darth Sidious, Darth
Maul, and Darth Tyranus reveal that Darth is a title for Sith lords.
Later titled Star Wars: Episode IV – A New Hope
The name "Skywalker" first appeared as Luke's surname in Lucas' 1973 treatment of the film.[14]
Making
the character 14 years younger by the time of the original film than A
Guide to the Star Wars Universe previously stated[31]
Christensen
also stood in as Vader while McDiarmid was filming the new Emperor
hologram footage for The Empire Strikes Back.[73]
Director Richard Marquand wanted a famous actor like Laurence Olivier to play the role.[69]
This was due to his demise in Return of the Jedi when he sacrifices his life for his son, Luke Skywalker.
In
the film, Palpatine tells Anakin about Darth Plagueis the Wise, "a Dark
Lord of the Sith so powerful and so wise, he could use the Force to
influence the midi-chlorians to create life." This was preceded by the
rough draft of Revenge of the Sith, in which Palpatine says to Anakin,
"I arranged for your conception. I used the power of the Force to will
the midichlorians to start the cell divisions that created you."[124]
Soule elaborated that "The Dark Side is not a reliable narrator."[126]
In
Marvel's 1977 series, Vader learns Luke's surname from a Rebel
deserter, before later obtaining his first name.[131] Vader's Quest sees
him learning Luke's surname from a captured Rebel. In 2013's Star Wars,
Vader hears Luke's name in a vision of his duel with Kenobi on the
Death Star. In the current comic canon, Boba Fett tells Vader Luke's
surname.[114]
Two men named Darth Vader were candidates at the 2014
Kyiv mayoral election and the Odessa mayoral election of the same
day.[176][177][178] A man named Darth Vader earlier had submitted
documents to be registered as a presidential candidate in the 2014
Ukrainian presidential election, but his registration was refused
because his real identity could not be verified.[179][180][181] In the
2014 Ukrainian parliamentary election, Darth Vader and Star Wars
characters such as Chewbacca, Padmé Amidala and Yoda ran for seats in
the Ukrainian parliament.[175] Candidates named Darth Vader reappeared
in the 2015 Ukrainian local elections.[182]
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Kaminski, Michael (2008) [First published 2007]. The Secret History of Star Wars. Legacy Books Press. ISBN 978-0-9784652-3-0.
Further reading
Star Wars Episode I: The Phantom Menace Novelization, 1st edition paperback, 1999. Terry Brooks, George Lucas
Star Wars Episode II: Attack of the Clones Novelization, 2003. R. A. Salvatore, ISBN 0-345-42882-X
Star
Wars Episode III: Revenge of the Sith Novelization, 1st edition
hardcover, 2005. Matthew Woodring Stover, George Lucas, ISBN
0-7126-8427-1
The New Essential Guide to Characters, 1st edition, 2002. Daniel Wallace, Michael Sutfin, ISBN 0-345-44900-2
Vader: The Ultimate Guide, 2005.
Star Wars: The Visual Dictionary, hardcover, 1998. Dr. David West Reynolds, ISBN 0-7894-3481-4
Star Wars: The Phantom Menace: The Visual Dictionary, hardcover, 1999. Dr. David West Reynolds, ISBN 0-7894-4701-0
Star Wars: Attack of the Clones: The Visual Dictionary, hardcover, 2002. Dr. David West Reynolds, ISBN 0-7894-8588-5
Star Wars: Revenge of the Sith: The Visual Dictionary, hardcover, 2005. James Luceno, ISBN 0-7566-1128-8
"Darth Vader in Games: A Visual History". IGN. October 28, 2010. Retrieved December 3, 2021.
External links
Wikiquote has quotations related to Darth Vader.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Darth Vader.
Darth Vader in the StarWars.com Databank
Anakin Skywalker in the StarWars.com Databank
Anakin Skywalker / Darth Vader on Wookieepedia, a Star Wars wiki
Darth Vader on IMDb
"Darth Vader". Encyclopædia Britannica.
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Star Wars
Created by George Lucas
Original work Star Wars (1977)[a][b]
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Star
Wars is an American epic space opera[1] multimedia franchise created by
George Lucas, which began with the eponymous 1977 film[b] and quickly
became a worldwide pop-culture phenomenon. The franchise has been
expanded into various films and other media, including television
series, video games, novels, comic books, theme park attractions, and
themed areas, comprising an all-encompassing fictional universe.[c] Star
Wars is one of the highest-grossing media franchises of all time.
The
original film (Star Wars), retroactively subtitled Episode IV: A New
Hope (1977), was followed by the sequels Episode V: The Empire Strikes
Back (1980) and Episode VI: Return of the Jedi (1983), forming the
original Star Wars trilogy. Lucas later returned to the series to direct
a prequel trilogy, consisting of Episode I: The Phantom Menace (1999),
Episode II: Attack of the Clones (2002), and Episode III: Revenge of the
Sith (2005). In 2012, Lucas sold his production company to Disney,
relinquishing his ownership of the franchise. This led to a sequel
trilogy, consisting of Episode VII: The Force Awakens (2015), Episode
VIII: The Last Jedi (2017), and Episode IX: The Rise of Skywalker
(2019).
All nine films of the "Skywalker Saga" were nominated for
Academy Awards, with wins going to the first two releases. Together
with the theatrical live action "anthology" films Rogue One (2016) and
Solo (2018), the combined box office revenue of the films equated to
over US$10 billion, which makes it the second-highest-grossing film
franchise of all time.[3][4] Additional upcoming films are in the works,
including an untitled movie from Taika Waititi and Rogue Squadron
directed by Patty Jenkins, both currently without release dates.[5]
Premise
The
Star Wars franchise depicts the adventures of characters "A long time
ago in a galaxy far, far away",[6] in which humans and many species of
aliens (often humanoid) co-exist with robots (typically referred to in
the films as 'droids'), who may assist them in their daily routines;
space travel between planets is common due to lightspeed hyperspace
technology.[7][8][9] The planets range from wealthy, planet-wide cities
to deserts scarcely populated by primitive tribes. Virtually any Earth
biome, along with many fictional ones, has its counterpart as a Star
Wars planet which, in most cases, teem with sentient and non-sentient
alien life.[10] The franchise also makes use of other astronomical
objects such as asteroid fields and nebulae.[11][12] Spacecraft range
from small starfighters, to huge capital ships such as the Star
Destroyers, to space stations such as the moon-sized Death Stars.
Telecommunication includes two-way audio and audiovisual screens,
holographic projections, and HoloNet (internet counterpart).
The
universe of Star Wars is generally similar to ours but its laws of
physics are less strict allowing for more imaginative stories.[13] One
result of that is a mystical power known as the Force which is described
in the original film as "an energy field created by all living things
... [that] binds the galaxy together".[14] The field is depicted as a
kind of pantheistic god.[15] Through training and meditation, those whom
"the Force is strong with" exhibit various superpowers (such as
telekinesis, precognition, telepathy, and manipulation of physical
energy).[16] It is believed nothing is impossible for the Force.[17] The
mentioned powers are wielded by two major knightly orders at conflict
with each other: the Jedi, peacekeepers of the Galactic Republic who act
on the light side of the Force through non-attachment and arbitration,
and the Sith, who use the dark side by manipulating fear and aggression.
While Jedi Knights can be numerous, the Dark Lords of the Sith (or
'Darths') are intended to be limited to two: a master and their
apprentice.[18] Another notable fictional element of Star Wars is
hyperspace, an alternate dimension that allows faster-than-light travel.
Force-wielders
are very limited in numbers in comparison to the population. The Jedi
and Sith prefer the use of a weapon called a lightsaber, a blade of
plasma that can cut through virtually any surface and deflect energy
bolts. The rest of the population, as well as renegades and soldiers,
use plasma-powered blaster firearms. As a result of galaxy-scaled
politics (involving republics, empires, kingdoms, alliances, etc.), all
this weaponry is made use of in various military conflicts during which
most Star Wars material takes place. In the outer reaches of the galaxy,
crime syndicates such as the Hutt cartel are dominant. Bounty hunters
are often employed by both gangsters and governments. Illicit activities
include smuggling and slavery.
The combination of science
fiction and fantasy elements makes Star Wars a very universal franchise,
capable of telling stories of various genres.[19]
Films
Main article: List of Star Wars films
The Skywalker Saga
Film U.S. release date Directed by Screenplay by Story by Produced by Refs
Original trilogy: Episodes IV–VI
Star Wars May 25, 1977 George Lucas George Lucas Gary Kurtz [20][21]
The Empire Strikes Back May 21, 1980 Irvin Kershner Leigh Brackett and Lawrence Kasdan [22][23]
Return of the Jedi May 25, 1983 Richard Marquand Lawrence Kasdan and George Lucas Howard Kazanjian [24][25]
Prequel trilogy: Episodes I–III
The Phantom Menace May 19, 1999 George Lucas George Lucas George Lucas Rick McCallum [26]
Attack of the Clones May 16, 2002 George Lucas and Jonathan Hales [27][28]
Revenge of the Sith May 19, 2005 George Lucas [29][30]
Sequel trilogy: Episodes VII–IX
The
Force Awakens December 18, 2015 J. J. Abrams Lawrence Kasdan
& J. J. Abrams and Michael Arndt Kathleen Kennedy, J. J. Abrams
and Bryan Burk [24][31]
The Last Jedi December 15, 2017 Rian Johnson Kathleen Kennedy and Ram Bergman [32][33]
The
Rise of Skywalker December 20, 2019 J. J. Abrams Chris Terrio
& J. J. Abrams Derek Connolly & Colin Trevorrow and J. J.
Abrams & Chris Terrio Kathleen Kennedy, J. J. Abrams and Michelle
Rejwan [34][35]
Spin-off films
Film U.S. release date Directed by Screenplay by Story by Produced by Refs
Star
Wars: The Clone Wars August 10, 2008 Dave Filoni Henry Gilroy,
Steven Melching and Scott Murphy Catherine Winder [36]
Rogue
One: A Star Wars Story December 16, 2016 Gareth Edwards Chris
Weitz and Tony Gilroy John Knoll and Gary Whitta Kathleen Kennedy,
Allison Shearmur and Simon Emanuel [37]
Solo: A Star Wars Story May 25, 2018 Ron Howard Jonathan Kasdan & Lawrence Kasdan [38]
Upcoming films
Film U.S. release date Directed by Screenplay by Story by Produced by Status Refs
Untitled
Star Wars film TBA Taika Waititi Taika Waititi and Krysty
Wilson-Cairns Kathleen Kennedy In development [39]
Rogue Squadron Patty Jenkins Matthew Robinson [40]
Untitled Star Wars film Sharmeen Obaid-Chinoy Damon Lindelof and Justin Britt-Gibson [41]
Untitled Star Wars film Shawn Levy TBA TBA [42]
The
Star Wars film series centers around three sets of trilogies, the nine
films of which are collectively referred to as the "Skywalker Saga".[43]
They were produced non-chronologically, with Episodes IV–VI (the
original trilogy) being released between 1977 and 1983, Episodes I–III
(the prequel trilogy) being released between 1999 and 2005, and Episodes
VII–IX (the sequel trilogy), being released between 2015 and 2019. Each
trilogy focuses on a generation of the Force-sensitive Skywalker
family. The original trilogy depicts the heroic development of Luke
Skywalker, the prequels tell the backstory of his father Anakin, while
the sequels feature Luke's nephew, Ben Solo, and Luke's protegé Rey.
An
anthology series set between the main episodes entered development in
parallel to the production of the sequel trilogy,[44] described by
Disney chief financial officer Jay Rasulo as origin stories.[45] The
first entry, Rogue One (2016), tells the story of the rebels who steal
the Death Star plans just before Episode IV.[46][47] Solo (2018) focuses
on Han Solo's backstory, also featuring original trilogy
co-protagonists Chewbacca and Lando Calrissian and involving prequel
trilogy villain Darth Maul.
Lucasfilm has a number of Star Wars
films in development, two of which were confirmed during Disney Investor
Day 2020. The first will be an unspecified film from Taika Waititi, who
in May 2020 was announced to be directing a Star Wars film he was
co-writing with Krysty Wilson-Cairns.[48] The second is a film titled
Rogue Squadron, which is being directed by Patty Jenkins.[49]
Additionally, a trilogy independent from the Skywalker Saga is being
written by The Last Jedi writer/director Rian Johnson.[50][51] In
September 2019, it was announced that Kathleen Kennedy and Kevin Feige
would collaborate to develop a Star Wars film;[52] however, the film was
no longer in active development as of 2022.[53] In February 2020, a
film was announced to be in development from director J. D. Dillard and
writer Matt Owens;[54] however, Dillard announced he was no longer
attatched to direct that film in November 2022.[55] In May 2022, the
Waititi film was expected to be the next Star Wars film to be produced,
ahead of the previously announced Rogue Squadron, with Kennedy stating
that they were aiming for a late 2023 release date but had not yet
officially scheduled one.[53][56] As of September 2022, untitled films
are scheduled for release on December 19, 2025, and December 17,
2027.[5]
History
Original trilogy
Main article: Star Wars original trilogy
The
original trilogy's main cast includes (from left to right) Mark Hamill
(Luke Skywalker), Harrison Ford (Han Solo), Carrie Fisher (Princess
Leia), and James Earl Jones (Darth Vader's voice).
In 1971, George
Lucas wanted to film an adaptation of the Flash Gordon serial, but could
not obtain the rights, so he began developing his own space
opera.[57][d] After directing American Graffiti (1973), he wrote a
two-page synopsis, which 20th Century Fox decided to invest in.[58][59]
By 1974, he had expanded the story into the first draft of a
screenplay.[60] Fox expected the film would be of limited financial
success, and so it was given a relatively low budget, with production
being moved to Elstree Studios in England to help save on cost.[61] Many
of the scenes were shot in England, and so featured a number of British
actors. The Star Wars robots were built by the small English company
Peteric Engineering. A 2019 BBC documentary revealed how the parts
required to create these machines and other now iconic film props,
including the light sabres (originally called 'laser guns'), were
ingeniously recycled from items scavenged in junk shops, ever conscious
of the need to spend as little money as possible.[62] The 1977 movie's
success led Lucas to make it the basis of an elaborate film serial.[63]
With the backstory he created for the sequel, Lucas decided that the
series would be a trilogy of trilogies.[64] Most of the main cast would
return for the two additional installments of the original trilogy,
which were self-financed by Lucasfilm.
Star Wars was released on
May 25, 1977, and first subtitled Episode IV: A New Hope in the 1979
book The Art of Star Wars.[65] Episode V: The Empire Strikes Back was
released on May 21, 1980, also achieving wide financial and critical
success. The final film in the trilogy, Episode VI: Return of the Jedi
was released on May 25, 1983. The story of the original trilogy focuses
on Luke Skywalker's quest to become a Jedi, his struggle with the evil
Imperial agent Darth Vader, and the struggle of the Rebel Alliance to
free the galaxy from the clutches of the Galactic Empire.
Prequel trilogy
Main article: Star Wars prequel trilogy
The
prequel trilogy's main cast includes (from left to right) Ewan McGregor
(Obi-Wan Kenobi), Natalie Portman (Padmé Amidala), Hayden Christensen
(Anakin Skywalker),[e] and Ian McDiarmid (Palpatine).
According to
producer Gary Kurtz, loose plans for a prequel trilogy were developed
during the outlining of the original two films.[66] In 1980, Lucas
confirmed that he had the nine-film series plotted,[67] but due to the
stress of producing the original trilogy, he had decided to cancel
further sequels by 1981.[68] In 1983, Lucas explained that "There was
never a script completed that had the entire story as it exists now ...
As the stories unfolded, I would take certain ideas and save them ... I
kept taking out all the good parts, and I just kept telling myself I
would make other movies someday."[69]
Technical advances in the
late 1980s and early 1990s, including the ability to create
computer-generated imagery (CGI), inspired Lucas to consider that it
might be possible to revisit his saga. In 1989, Lucas stated that the
prequels would be "unbelievably expensive".[70] In 1992, he acknowledged
that he had plans to create the prequel trilogy.[71] A theatrical
rerelease of the original trilogy in 1997 "updated" the 20-year-old
films with the style of CGI envisioned for the new trilogy.
Episode
I: The Phantom Menace was released on May 19, 1999, and Episode II:
Attack of the Clones on May 16, 2002. Episode III: Revenge of the Sith,
the first PG-13 film in the franchise, was released on May 19, 2005.[72]
The first two movies were met with mixed reviews, with the third being
received somewhat more positively. The trilogy begins 32 years before
Episode IV and follows the Jedi training of Anakin Skywalker, Luke's
father, and his eventual fall from grace and transformation into the
Sith lord Darth Vader, as well as the corruption of the Galactic
Republic and rise of the Empire led by Darth Sidious. Together with the
original trilogy, Lucas has collectively referred to the first six
episodic films of the franchise as "the tragedy of Darth Vader".[73]
Sequel trilogy
Main article: Star Wars sequel trilogy
The
sequel trilogy's main cast includes (from left to right) Adam Driver
(Kylo Ren), Daisy Ridley (Rey), John Boyega (Finn), and Oscar Isaac (Poe
Dameron).
Prior to releasing the original film, and made possible by
its success, Lucas planned "three trilogies of nine films".[64][74]
However, he announced to Time in 1978 that he planned "10 sequels".[75]
He confirmed that he had outlined the prequels and sequels in 1981.[76]
At various stages of development, the sequel trilogy was to focus on the
rebuilding of the Republic,[77] the return of Luke in a role similar to
that of Obi-Wan Kenobi in the original trilogy,[74] Luke's sister (not
yet determined to be Leia),[66] Han, Leia,[78] R2-D2 and C-3PO.[64][79]
However, after beginning work on the prequel trilogy, Lucas insisted
that Star Wars was meant to be a six-part series and that there would be
no sequel trilogy.[80][81]
Lucas decided to leave the franchise
in the hands of other filmmakers, announcing in January 2012 that he
would make no more Star Wars films.[82] That October, the Walt Disney
Company agreed to buy Lucasfilm and announced that Episode VII would be
released in 2015.[83] The co-chairman of Lucasfilm, Kathleen Kennedy,
became president and served as executive producer of new Star Wars
feature films.[84] Lucas provided Kennedy his story treatments for the
sequels during the 2012 sale,[85] but in 2015 it was revealed Lucas's
sequel outline had been discarded.[86][87] The sequel trilogy also meant
the end of the existing Star Wars Expanded Universe, which was
discarded from canon to give "maximum creative freedom to the filmmakers
and also preserve an element of surprise and discovery for the
audience."[2]
Episode VII: The Force Awakens was released on
December 16, 2015, Episode VIII: The Last Jedi on December 13, 2017, and
Episode IX: The Rise of Skywalker on December 18, 2019, in many
countries.[f] The Force Awakens and The Last Jedi were both critical and
box office successes.[88][89] Episode IX received a mixed reception
from critics and audiences.[90] The sequel trilogy starts 30 years after
Episode VI and focuses on the journey of the Force-sensitive orphan
Rey, guided by Luke Skywalker. Along with ex-stormtrooper Finn and ace
X-Wing pilot Poe Dameron, Rey helps the Resistance, led by Leia, fight
the First Order, commanded by Han and Leia's son (and Luke's nephew),
Kylo Ren.
Anthology films
The anthology films'
main casts include (from left to right) Felicity Jones (Jyn Erso) and
Diego Luna (Cassian Andor) from Rogue One: A Star Wars Story and Alden
Ehrenreich (Han Solo) and Woody Harrelson (Tobias Beckett) from Solo: A
Star Wars Story .
Lucasfilm and Kennedy have stated that the
standalone films would be referred to as the Star Wars anthology
series[46] (though the word anthology has not been used in any of the
titles, instead carrying the promotional "A Star Wars Story" subtitle).
Focused on how the Rebels obtained the Death Star plans introduced in
the 1977 film, the first anthology film, Rogue One: A Star Wars Story,
was released on December 16, 2016, to favorable reviews and box office
success. The second, Solo: A Star Wars Story, centered on a young Han
Solo with Chewbacca and Lando as supporting characters, was released on
May 25, 2018, to generally favorable reviews and underperformance at the
box office. The television series Obi-Wan Kenobi was originally going
to be a film instead but changed to a limited series due to Solo
underperforming.[91] Despite this, more anthology films are expected to
be released,[92] following a hiatus after 2019's The Rise of
Skywalker.[93]
Television
The Star Wars franchise has been
spun off to various television productions, including two animated
series released in the mid-1980s. Further animated series began to be
released in the 2000s, the first two of which focused on the Clone Wars.
After Disney's acquisition of Lucasfilm, only the later CGI series
remained canon. Eight live-action Star Wars series will be released on
Disney+. The first, The Mandalorian, premiered on November 12, 2019 and
won the 2020 Webby Award for Television & Film in the category
Social.[94] Disney+ later released the Ewoks movies and animated series,
along with the animated first appearance of Boba Fett from the Star
Wars Holiday Special, and the Clone Wars animated micro-series in a
section called "Star Wars Vintage", which also includes the Droids
animated series.[95][96] Certain aspects of the original Clone Wars
micro-series are considered to not contradict the canon, while others
do.[97]
Series
Main article: List of Star Wars television series
Many
Star Wars series have been produced, both animated and live-action, the
first being Droids and Ewoks in 1985. The Mandalorian, the first
live-action series to take place in the Star Wars universe, has spawned
multiple spinoffs and inspired other live-action series to be created.
Confirmed upcoming animated series include Young Jedi Adventures, as
well as upcoming live-action series Ahsoka, Skeleton Crew, The Acolyte,
and Lando.
Series Seasons Episodes Originally released Network
Animated series
Droids
1
13 September 7, 1985 – June 7, 1986 ABC
Ewoks
2
26 September 7, 1985 – December 13, 1986
The Clone Wars
7
133 October 3, 2008 – May 4, 2020 Cartoon Network / Netflix / Disney+
Rebels
4
75 October 3, 2014 – March 5, 2018 Disney XD
Resistance
2
40 October 7, 2018 – January 26, 2020 Disney Channel
The Bad Batch
2
18 May 4, 2021 – present Disney+
Visions
1
9 September 22, 2021 – present
Tales of the Jedi
1
6 October 26, 2022
Animated micro-series and shorts
Clone Wars
3
25 November 7, 2003 – March 25, 2005 Cartoon Network
Blips
1
8 May 3 – September 4, 2017 YouTube
Forces of Destiny
2
32 July 3, 2017 – May 25, 2018
Galaxy of Adventures
2
55 November 30, 2018 – October 2, 2020
Roll Out
1
16 August 9, 2019 – April 1, 2020
Galaxy of Creatures
1
12 October 14 – November 18, 2021 StarWarsKids.com
Galactic Pals
1
12 April 12 – November 1, 2022
"Zen – Grogu and Dust Bunnies"
1
1 November 12, 2022 Disney+
Live-action series
The Mandalorian
2
16 November 12, 2019 – present Disney+
The Book of Boba Fett
1
7 December 29, 2021 – present
Obi-Wan Kenobi
1
6 May 27 – June 22, 2022
Andor
1
12 September 21, 2022 – present
Game shows
Jedi Temple Challenge
1
10 June 10 – August 5, 2020 StarWarsKids.com
Films and specials
Film U.S. release date Director(s) Teleplay by Story by Producer(s) Network
Star
Wars Holiday Special November 17, 1978 Steve Binder Pat Proft,
Leonard Ripps, Bruce Vilanch, Rod Warren, and Mitzie Welch Joe
Layton, Jeff Starsh, Ken Welch, and Mitzie Welch CBS
The Ewok
Adventure November 25, 1984 John Korty Bob Carrau George
Lucas Thomas G. Smith and Patricia Rose Duignan ABC
Ewoks: The Battle for Endor November 24, 1985 Jim Wheat and Ken Wheat Thomas G. Smith and Ian Bryce
Fictional timeline
See also: Star Wars in other media § Legends fictional timeline
The
Star Wars canon fictional universe spans multiple eras, of which three
are focused around each of the film trilogies. The following eras were
defined in January 2021:[98]
The High Republic: The era of the
"High Republic", set 200 years before the prequel trilogy. It includes
the media released in The High Republic and the upcoming Young Jedi
Adventures and The Acolyte.[98]
Fall of the Jedi: The era of the
prequel trilogy,[g] in which the democratic Galactic Republic is
corrupted by the Supreme Chancellor Palpatine, who is secretly the Sith
Lord Darth Sidious. After orchestrating the Clone Wars between the
Republic and a Separatist confederation, Palpatine exterminates the Jedi
Order, overthrows the Republic, and establishes the totalitarian
Galactic Empire.[100][101] It includes the prequel trilogy films and the
animated The Clone Wars and Tales of the Jedi.[98]
Reign of the
Empire: The era after the prequel trilogy, exploring the reign of the
Empire. It includes the animated The Bad Batch, Solo: A Star Wars
Story[98] and Obi-Wan Kenobi.
Age of Rebellion: The era of the
original trilogy,[h] in which the Empire is fought by the Rebel Alliance
in a Galactic Civil War that spans several years, climaxing with the
death of the Emperor and fall of the Empire.[103][104] It includes the
animated Star Wars Rebels, Andor, Rogue One: A Star Wars Story, and the
original trilogy films.[98]
The New Republic: The era after the
original trilogy, set during the formative years of the New Republic
following the fall of the Empire. It includes The Mandalorian and its
spin-off series, The Book of Boba Fett and Ahsoka, as well as the
upcoming Skeleton Crew.[98]
Rise of the First Order: The era of the
sequel trilogy,[i] in which the remnants of the Empire have reformed as
the First Order.[106] Heroes of the former Rebellion, aided by the New
Republic, lead the Resistance against the oppressive regime and its
rulers—the mysterious being known as Snoke and the revived
Palpatine.[107] It includes the animated Star Wars Resistance and the
sequel trilogy films.[98]
The Expanded Universe of spin-off media
depicts different levels of continuity, which were deemed non-canonical
and rebranded as Legends on April 25, 2014, to make most subsequent
works align to the episodic films, The Clone Wars film, and television
series.[2]
Other media
Main article: Star Wars expanded to other media
From
1976 to 2014, the term Expanded Universe (EU) was an umbrella term for
all officially licensed Star Wars storytelling material set outside the
events depicted within the theatrical films, including novels, comics,
and video games.[108] Lucasfilm maintained internal continuity between
the films and television content and the EU material until April 25,
2014, when the company announced all of the EU works would cease
production. Existing works would no longer be considered canon to the
franchise and subsequent reprints would be rebranded under the Star Wars
Legends label,[108] with downloadable content for the massively
multiplayer online game The Old Republic the only Legends material to
still be produced. The Star Wars canon was subsequently restructured to
only include the existing six feature films, the animated film The Clone
Wars (2008), and its companion animated series. All future projects and
creative developments across all types of media would be overseen and
coordinated by the story group, announced as a division of Lucasfilm
created to maintain continuity and a cohesive vision on the storytelling
of the franchise.[2] Multiple comics series from Marvel and novels
published by Del Rey were produced after the announcement.
Print media
Star
Wars in print predates the release of the first film, with the November
1976 novelization of Star Wars, initially subtitled "From the
Adventures of Luke Skywalker". Credited to Lucas, it was ghostwritten by
Alan Dean Foster.[109] The first "Expanded Universe" story appeared in
Marvel Comics' Star Wars #7 in January 1978 (the first six issues being
an adaptation of the film), followed by Foster's sequel novel Splinter
of the Mind's Eye the following month.
Novels
Further information: List of Star Wars books
Timothy
Zahn authored the Thrawn trilogy, which was widely credited with
revitalizing the dormant Star Wars franchise in the early 1990s.
After
penning the novelization of the original film, Foster followed it with
the sequel Splinter of the Mind's Eye (1978). The novelizations of The
Empire Strikes Back (1980) by Donald F. Glut and Return of the Jedi
(1983) by James Kahn followed, as well as The Han Solo Adventures
trilogy (1979–1980) by Brian Daley,[110] and The Adventures of Lando
Calrissian trilogy (1983) by L. Neil Smith.[111][112]
Timothy
Zahn's bestselling Thrawn trilogy (1991–1993) reignited interest in the
franchise and introduced the popular characters Grand Admiral Thrawn,
Mara Jade, Talon Karrde, and Gilad Pellaeon.[113][114][115][116] The
first novel, Heir to the Empire, reached #1 on the New York Times Best
Seller list,[117] and the series finds Luke, Leia, and Han facing off
against tactical genius Thrawn, who is plotting to retake the galaxy for
the Empire.[118] In The Courtship of Princess Leia (1994) by Dave
Wolverton, set immediately before the Thrawn trilogy, Leia considers an
advantageous political marriage to Prince Isolder of the planet Hapes,
but she and Han ultimately marry.[119][120] Steve Perry's Shadows of the
Empire (1996), set between The Empire Strikes Back and Return of the
Jedi, was part of a multimedia campaign that included a comic book
series and video game.[121][122] The novel introduced the crime lord
Prince Xizor, another popular character who would appear in multiple
other works.[121][123] Other notable series from Bantam include the Jedi
Academy trilogy (1994) by Kevin J. Anderson,[124][125] the 14-book
Young Jedi Knights series (1995–1998) by Anderson and Rebecca
Moesta,[125][126] and the X-wing series (1996–2012) by Michael A.
Stackpole and Aaron Allston.[127][128][129]
Del Rey took over
Star Wars book publishing in 1999, releasing what would become a
19-installment novel series called The New Jedi Order (1999–2003).
Written by multiple authors, the series was set 25 to 30 years after the
original films and introduced the Yuuzhan Vong, a powerful alien race
attempting to invade and conquer the entire galaxy.[130][131] The
bestselling multi-author series Legacy of the Force (2006–2008)
chronicles the crossover of Han and Leia's son Jacen Solo to the dark
side of the Force; among his evil deeds, he kills Luke's wife Mara Jade
as a sacrifice to join the Sith. Although no longer canon, the story is
paralleled in The Force Awakens with Han and Leia's son Ben Solo, who
becomes the evil Kylo Ren.[132][133][134][135]
Three series set
in the prequel era were published by Scholastic for younger audiences:
the 18-book Jedi Apprentice (1999–2002) chronicles the adventures of
Obi-Wan Kenobi and his master Qui-Gon Jinn in the years before The
Phantom Menace; the 11-book Jedi Quest (2001–2004) follows Obi-Wan and
his own apprentice, Anakin Skywalker in between The Phantom Menace and
Attack of the Clones; and the 10-book The Last of the Jedi (2005–2008),
set almost immediately after Revenge of the Sith, features Obi-Wan and
the last few surviving Jedi. In 2019, a new prequel era novel, starring
Qui-Gon and the young Obi-Wan, was published by Del Rey under the title
Star Wars: Master and Apprentice.[136]
Although Thrawn had been
designated a Legends character in 2014, he was reintroduced into the
canon in 2016 for the third season of the Rebels animated series, with
Zahn returning to write more novels based on the character and set in
the new canon.[137][138]
Comics
Main articles: Star Wars comics and List of Star Wars comic books
Marvel
Comics published a Star Wars comic book series from 1977 to
1986.[139][140][141][142] Original Star Wars comics were serialized in
the Marvel magazine Pizzazz between 1977 and 1979. The 1977 installments
were the first original Star Wars stories not directly adapted from the
films to appear in print form, as they preceded those of the Star Wars
comic series.[143] From 1985 to 1987, the animated children's series
Ewoks and Droids inspired comic series from Marvel's Star Comics
line.[144][145][146] According to Marvel comics former Editor-In-Chief
Jim Shooter, the strong sales of Star Wars comics saved Marvel
financially in 1977 and 1978.[147] Marvel's Star Wars series was one of
the industry's top selling titles in 1979 and 1980.[148] The only
downside for Marvel was that the 100,000 copy sales quota was surpassed
quickly, allowing Lippincott to renegotiate the royalty arrangements
from a position of strength.[149]
In the late 1980s, Marvel
dropped a new Star Wars comic it had in development, which was picked up
by Dark Horse Comics and published as the popular Dark Empire series
(1991–1995).[150] Dark Horse subsequently launched dozens of series set
after the original film trilogy, including Tales of the Jedi
(1993–1998), X-wing Rogue Squadron (1995–1998), Star Wars: Republic
(1998–2006), Star Wars Tales (1999–2005), Star Wars: Empire (2002–2006),
and Knights of the Old Republic (2006–2010).[151][152]
After
Disney's acquisition of Lucasfilm, it was announced in January 2014 that
in 2015 the Star Wars comics license would return to Marvel
Comics,[153] whose parent company, Marvel Entertainment, Disney had
purchased in 2009.[154] Launched in 2015, the first three publications
were titled Star Wars, Darth Vader, and the limited series Princess
Leia.[155][156][157]
First announced as Project Luminous at Star
Wars Celebration in April 2019, the Star Wars: The High Republic
publishing initiative were revealed in a press conference in February
2020. Involving the majority of the then current officially licensed
publishers, a new era set 200 years before the Skywalker Saga was
explored in various books and comics. Including ongoing titles by Marvel
and IDW Publishing, written by Cavan Scott and Daniel José Older
respectively.[158]
Audio
Soundtracks and singles
Further information: Music of Star Wars
John
Williams composed the soundtracks for the nine episodic films; he has
stated that he will retire from the franchise with The Rise of
Skywalker.[159] He also composed Han Solo's theme for Solo: A Star Wars
Story; John Powell adapted and composed the rest of the score.[160]
Michael Giacchino composed the score of Rogue One.[160] Ludwig Göransson
scored and composed the music of The Mandalorian.[161] Williams also
created the main theme for Galaxy's Edge.[162]
Audio novels
Further information: The Story of Star Wars and List of Star Wars books
The
first Star Wars audio work is The Story of Star Wars, an LP using audio
samples from the original film and a new narration to retell the story,
released in 1977. Most later printed novels were adapted into audio
novels, usually released on cassette tape and re-released on CD. As of
2019, audio-only novels have been released not directly based on printed
media.[163]
Radio
Further information: Star Wars (radio)
Radio
adaptations of the films were also produced. Lucas, a fan of the
NPR-affiliated campus radio station of his alma mater the University of
Southern California, licensed the Star Wars radio rights to KUSC-FM for
US$1. The production used John Williams's original film score, along
with Ben Burtt's sound effects.[164][165]
The first was written
by science-fiction author Brian Daley and directed by John Madden. It
was broadcast on National Public Radio in 1981, adapting the original
1977 film into 13 episodes.[166][164][165] Mark Hamill and Anthony
Daniels reprised their film roles.[166][164]
The overwhelming
success, led to a 10-episode adaptation of The Empire Strikes Back
debuted in 1983.[167] Billy Dee Williams joined the other two stars,
reprising his role as Lando Calrissian.[citation needed]
In 1983,
Buena Vista Records released an original, 30-minute Star Wars audio
drama titled Rebel Mission to Ord Mantell, written by Daley.[165][168]
In the 1990s, Time Warner Audio Publishing adapted several Star Wars
series from Dark Horse Comics into audio dramas: the three-part Dark
Empire saga, Tales of the Jedi, Dark Lords of the Sith, the Dark Forces
trilogy, and Crimson Empire (1998).[168] Return of the Jedi was adapted
into 6-episodes in 1996, featuring Daniels.[164][168]
Video games
Further information: Star Wars video games and List of Star Wars video games
The
Star Wars franchise has spawned over one hundred[169] computer, video,
and board games, dating back to some of the earliest home consoles. Some
are based directly on the movie material, while others rely heavily on
the non-canonical Expanded Universe (rebranded as Star Wars Legends and
removed from the canon in 2014). Star Wars games have gone through three
significant development eras, marked by a change in leadership among
the developers: the early licensed games, those developed after the
creation of LucasArts, and those created after the closure of the
Lucasfilm division by Disney and the transfer of the license to
Electronic Arts.
Early licensed games (1979–1993)
The first
officially licensed electronic Star Wars game was Kenner's 1979
table-top Star Wars Electronic Battle Command.[170][171] In 1982, Parker
Brothers published the first Star Wars video game for the Atari 2600,
Star Wars: The Empire Strikes Back,[172] followed soon the year later by
Star Wars: Jedi Arena, the first video game to depict lightsaber
combat. They were followed in 1983 by Atari's rail shooter arcade game
Star Wars, with vector graphics to replicate the Death Star trench run
scene from the 1977 film.[173] The next game, Star Wars: Return of the
Jedi (1984), has more traditional raster graphics,[174] while the
following Star Wars: The Empire Strikes Back (1985) has vector
graphics.[175]
Platform games were made for the Nintendo
Entertainment System, including the Japan-exclusive Star Wars (1987), an
international Star Wars (1991), and Star Wars: The Empire Strikes Back
(1992). Super Star Wars (1992) was released for the Super Nintendo
Entertainment System, with two sequels over the next two years.
LucasArts and modern self-published games (1993–2014)
Main article: LucasArts
Lucasfilm
founded its own video game company in 1982, becoming best known for
adventure games and World War II flight combat games, but as George
Lucas took more interest in the increasing success of the video game
market, he wanted to have more creative control over the games and
founded his own development company, LucasArts. Improved graphics
allowed games to tell complex narratives, which allowed for the
retelling of the films, and eventually original narratives set in the
same continuity, with voice-overs and CGI cutscenes. In 1993, LucasArts
released Star Wars: X-Wing, the first self-published Star Wars video
game and the first space flight simulator based on the franchise.[176]
It was one of the best-selling video games of 1993 and established its
own series of games.[176] The Rogue Squadron series was released between
1998 and 2003, also focusing on space battles set during the films.
Dark
Forces (1995), a hybrid adventure game incorporating puzzles and
strategy,[177] was the first Star Wars first-person shooter.[178] It
featured gameplay and graphical features not then common in other games,
made possible by LucasArts' custom-designed game engine, the
Jedi.[178][177][179][180] The game was well received,[181][182][183] and
it was followed by four sequels.[184][185] The series introduced Kyle
Katarn, who would appear in multiple games, novels, and comics.[186]
Katarn is a former stormtrooper who joins the Rebellion and becomes a
Jedi,[178][187][188] a plot arc similar to that of Finn in the sequel
trilogy films.[132] A massively multiplayer online role-playing game,
Star Wars Galaxies, was in operation from 2003 until 2011. After Disney
bought Lucasfilm, LucasArts ceased its role as a developer in 2013,
although it still operates as a licensor.[189]
EA Star Wars (2014–present)
Following
its acquisition of the franchise, Disney reassigned video game rights
to Electronic Arts. Games made during this era are considered canonical,
and feature more influence from the Star Wars filmmakers. Disney
partnered with Lenovo to create the augmented reality video game Jedi
Challenges, released in November 2017.[190][191] In August 2018, it was
announced that Zynga would publish free-to-play Star Wars mobile
games.[192] The Battlefront games received a canonical reboot with Star
Wars: Battlefront in November 2015, which was followed by a sequel,
Battlefront II, in November 2017. A single-player action-adventure game,
Star Wars Jedi: Fallen Order, with an original story and cast of
characters, was released in November 2019. A space combat game titled
Star Wars: Squadrons, which builds upon the space battles from
Battlefront, was released in October 2020.
Theme park attractions
Main article: List of Star Wars theme parks attractions
In
addition to the Disneyland ride Star Tours (1987) and its successor,
Star Tours: The Adventures Continue (2011), many live attractions have
been held at Disney parks, including the travelling exhibition Where
Science Meets Imagination, the Space Mountain spin-off Hyperspace
Mountain, a walkthrough Launch Bay, and the night-time A Galactic
Spectacular. An immersive themed area called Galaxy's Edge (2019) opened
at Disneyland and opened at Walt Disney World in mid-2019.[193] A
themed hotel, Star Wars: Galactic Starcruiser, is currently under
construction at Walt Disney World.[194]
This section needs
additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article
by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be
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Title Park(s) Opening date Closing date
Star Tours Disneyland January 9, 1987 July 27, 2010
Tokyo Disneyland July 12, 1989 April 2, 2012
Disney's Hollywood Studios December 15, 1989 September 7, 2010
Disneyland Paris April 12, 1992 March 16, 2016
Star Wars Weekends Disney's Hollywood Studios 1997 November 2015
Star Wars: Where Science Meets Imagination Multiple locations October 19, 2005 March 23, 2014
Jedi Training Academy Disneyland July 1, 2006 November 15, 2015
Disney's Hollywood Studios October 9, 2007 October 5, 2015
Star Tours: The Adventures Continue Disney's Hollywood Studios May 20, 2011 N/A (Operating)
Disneyland June 3, 2011
Tokyo Disneyland May 7, 2013
Disneyland Paris March 26, 2017
Star Wars: Hyperspace Mountain Disneyland November 14, 2015 May 31, 2017
Hong Kong Disneyland June 11, 2016 N/A (Operating)
Disneyland Paris May 7, 2017
Star Wars Launch Bay Disneyland November 16, 2015
Disney's Hollywood Studios December 4, 2015
Shanghai Disneyland Park June 16, 2016
Jedi Training: Trials of the Temple Disney's Hollywood Studios December 1, 2015
Disneyland December 8, 2015
Disneyland Paris July 11, 2015
Hong Kong Disneyland June 25, 2016
Star Wars: A Galactic Spectacular Disney's Hollywood Studios June 17, 2016
Star Wars: Galaxy's Edge Disneyland May 31, 2019
Disney's Hollywood Studios August 29, 2019
Star Wars: Millennium Falcon - Smugglers Run Disneyland May 31, 2019
Disney's Hollywood Studios August 29, 2019
Star Wars: Rise of the Resistance Disney's Hollywood Studios December 5, 2019
Disneyland January 17, 2020
Multimedia projects
A
multimedia project involves works released across multiple types of
media. Shadows of the Empire (1996) was a multimedia project set between
The Empire Strikes Back and Return of the Jedi that included a novel by
Steve Perry, a comic book series, a video game, and action
figures.[121][122] The Force Unleashed (2008–2010) was a similar project
set between Revenge of the Sith and A New Hope that included a novel, a
2008 video game and its 2010 sequel, a graphic novel, a role-playing
game supplement, and toys.[195][196]
Merchandising
Main
articles: Kenner Star Wars action figures, List of Kenner Star Wars
action figures, Star Wars: The Vintage Collection, Lego Star Wars, Star
Wars trading card, and Star Wars role-playing games
George Lucas made much of his fortune by retaining his rights to the franchise's merchandising.
The
success of the Star Wars films led the franchise to become one of the
most merchandised franchises in the world. While filming the original
1977 film, George Lucas decided to take a $500,000 pay cut to his salary
as director in exchange for full ownership of the franchise's
merchandising rights. By 1987, the first three films have made US$2.6
billion in merchandising revenue.[197] By 2012, the first six films
produced approximately US$20 billion in merchandising revenue.[198]
Kenner
made the first Star Wars action figures to coincide with the release of
the original film, and today the original figures are highly valuable.
Since the 1990s, Hasbro holds the rights to create action figures based
on the saga. Pez dispensers began to be produced in 1997.[199] Star Wars
was the first intellectual property to be licensed in Lego
history.[200] Lego has produced animated parody short films and
mini-series to promote their Star Wars sets.[201] The Lego Star Wars
video games are critically acclaimed bestsellers.[202][203]
In
1977, the board game Star Wars: Escape from the Death Star was
released.[204][j] A Star Wars Monopoly and themed versions of Trivial
Pursuit and Battleship were released in 1997, with updated versions
released in subsequent years. The board game Risk has been adapted in
two editions by Hasbro: The Clone Wars Edition (2005)[206] and the
Original Trilogy Edition (2006).[207] Three Star Wars tabletop
role-playing games have been developed: a version by West End Games in
the 1980s and 1990s, one by Wizards of the Coast in the 2000s, and one
by Fantasy Flight Games in the 2010s.
Star Wars Trading Cards
have been published since the first "blue" series, by Topps, in
1977.[208] Dozens of series have been produced, with Topps being the
licensed creator in the United States. Each card series are of film
stills or original art. Many of the cards have become highly collectible
with some very rare "promos", such as the 1993 Galaxy Series II
"floating Yoda" P3 card often commanding US$1,000 or more. While most
"base" or "common card" sets are plentiful, many "insert" or "chase
cards" are very rare.[209] From 1995 until 2001, Decipher, Inc. had the
license for, created, and produced the Star Wars Customizable Card Game.
Themes
See also: Star Wars sources and analogues
Star
Wars features elements such as knighthood, chivalry, and Jungian
archetypes such as "the shadow".[210] There are also many references to
Christianity, such as in the appearance of Darth Maul, whose design
draws heavily from traditional depictions of the devil.[211] Anakin was
conceived of a virgin birth, and is assumed to be the "Chosen One", a
messianic individual. However, unlike Jesus, Anakin falls from grace,
remaining evil as Darth Vader until Return of the Jedi. According to
Adam Driver, sequel trilogy villain Kylo Ren, who idolizes Vader,
believes he is "doing what he thinks is right".[212] George Lucas has
said that the theme of the saga is redemption.[213]
The saga
draws heavily from the hero's journey, an archetypical template
developed by comparative mythologist Joseph Campbell.[211] Each
character—primarily Anakin, Luke, and Rey—follows the steps of the cycle
or undergoes its reversal, becoming the villain.[214] A defining step
of the journey is "Atonement with the Father".[215] Obi-Wan's loss of a
father figure could have impacted his relationship with Anakin,[216]
whom both Obi-Wan and Palpatine are fatherlike mentors to.[217] Luke's
discovery that Vader is his father has strong repercussions on the saga
and is regarded as one of the most influential plot twists in
cinema.[218] Supreme Leader Snoke encourages Kylo Ren to kill his
father, Han Solo.[212] Kylo uses the fact that Rey is an orphan to tempt
her into joining the dark side.[219] According to Inverse, the final
scene in The Last Jedi, which depicts servant children playing with a
toy of Luke and one boy using the Force, symbolizes that "the Force can
be found in people with humble beginnings."[220]
Historical influences
Political
science has been an important element of Star Wars since the franchise
launched in 1977, focusing on a struggle between democracy and
dictatorship. Battles featuring the Ewoks and Gungans against the Empire
and Trade Federation, respectively, represent the clash between a
primitive society and a more advanced one, similar to the
Vietnam-American War.[221][222] Darth Vader's design was initially
inspired by Samurai armor, and also incorporated a German military
helmet.[223][224] Originally, Lucas conceived of the Sith as a group
that served the Emperor in the same way that the Schutzstaffel served
Adolf Hitler; this was condensed into one character in the form of
Vader.[225] Stormtroopers borrow the name of World War I German "shock"
troopers. Imperial officers wear uniforms resembling those of German
forces during World War II,[226] and political and security officers
resemble the black-clad SS down to the stylized silver death's head on
their caps. World War II terms were used for names in the films; e.g.
the planets Kessel (a term that refers to a group of encircled forces)
and Hoth (after a German general who served on the snow-laden Eastern
Front).[227] Shots of the commanders looking through AT-AT walker
viewscreens in The Empire Strikes Back resemble tank interiors,[228] and
space battles in the original film were based on World War I and World
War II dogfights.[229]
Palpatine being a chancellor before
becoming the Emperor in the prequel trilogy alludes to Hitler's role
before appointing himself Führer.[226] Lucas has also drawn parallels to
historical dictators such as Julius Caesar, Napoleon Bonaparte, and
politicians like Richard Nixon.[230][231][k] The Great Jedi Purge
mirrors the events of the Night of the Long Knives.[233] The corruption
of the Galactic Republic is modeled after the fall of the democratic
Roman Republic and the formation of an empire.[234][235]
On the
inspiration for the First Order formed "from the ashes of the Empire",
The Force Awakens director J. J. Abrams spoke of conversations the
writers had about how the Nazis could have escaped to Argentina after
WWII and "started working together again."[106]
The aerial warfare of WWII inspired the space fights.
The aerial warfare of WWII inspired the space fights.
The flag and iconography of the Empire resembles those of the Nazi Party and Germany during its rule.
The flag and iconography of the Empire resembles those of the Nazi Party and Germany during its rule.
Cultural impact
Main article: Cultural impact of Star Wars
The lightsaber and the blaster are iconic elements of the franchise.
The
Star Wars saga has had a significant impact on popular culture,[236]
with references to its fictional universe deeply embedded in everyday
life.[237] Phrases like "evil empire" and "May the Force be with you"
have become part of the popular lexicon.[238] The first Star Wars film
in 1977 was a cultural unifier,[239] enjoyed by a wide spectrum of
people.[240] The film can be said to have helped launch the
science-fiction boom of the late 1970s and early 1980s, making
science-fiction films a mainstream genre.[241] The widespread impact
made it a prime target for parody works and homages, with popular
examples including Hardware Wars, Spaceballs, The Family Guy Trilogy and
Robot Chicken: Star Wars.
In 1989, the Library of Congress
selected the original Star Wars film for preservation in the U.S.
National Film Registry, as being "culturally, historically, or
aesthetically significant."[242] The Empire Strikes Back was selected in
2010,[243][244] and Return of the Jedi was selected in 2021.[245] 35 mm
reels of the 1997 Special Editions were the versions initially
presented for preservation because of the difficulty of transferring
from the original prints,[246][247] but it was later revealed that the
Library possesses a copyright deposit print of the original theatrical
releases.[248]
Industry
The original Star Wars film was a huge
success for 20th Century Fox, and was credited for reinvigorating the
company. Within three weeks of the film's release, the studio's stock
price doubled to a record high. Prior to 1977, 20th Century Fox's
greatest annual profits were $37 million, while in 1977, the company
broke that record by posting a profit of $79 million.[229] The franchise
helped Fox to change from an almost bankrupt production company to a
thriving media conglomerate.[249]
Star Wars fundamentally changed
the aesthetics and narratives of Hollywood films, switching the focus
of Hollywood-made films from deep, meaningful stories based on dramatic
conflict, themes and irony to sprawling special-effects-laden
blockbusters, as well as changing the Hollywood film industry in
fundamental ways. Before Star Wars, special effects in films had not
appreciably advanced since the 1950s.[250] The commercial success of
Star Wars created a boom in state-of-the-art special effects in the late
1970s.[249] Along with Jaws, Star Wars started the tradition of the
summer blockbuster film in the entertainment industry, where films open
on many screens at the same time and profitable franchises are
important.[251][240] It created the model for the major film trilogy and
showed that merchandising rights on a film could generate more money
than the film itself did.[239]
Film critic Roger Ebert wrote in
his book The Great Movies, "Like The Birth of a Nation and Citizen Kane,
Star Wars was a technical watershed that influenced many of the movies
that came after." It began a new generation of special effects and
high-energy motion pictures. The film was one of the first films to link
genres together to invent a new, high-concept genre for filmmakers to
build upon.[252] Finally, along with Steven Spielberg's Jaws, it shifted
the film industry's focus away from personal filmmaking of the 1970s
and towards fast-paced, big-budget blockbusters for younger
audiences.[229][253][254]
Some critics have blamed Star Wars and
Jaws for "ruining" Hollywood by shifting its focus from "sophisticated"
films such as The Godfather, Taxi Driver, and Annie Hall to films about
spectacle and juvenile fantasy, and for the industry shift from
stand-alone, one and done films, towards blockbuster franchises with
multiple sequels and prequels.[255] One such critic, Peter Biskind,
complained, "When all was said and done, Lucas and Spielberg returned
the 1970s audience, grown sophisticated on a diet of European and New
Hollywood films, to the simplicities of the pre-1960s Golden Age of
movies... They marched backward through the looking-glass."[255][256] In
an opposing view, Tom Shone wrote that through Star Wars and Jaws,
Lucas and Spielberg "didn't betray cinema at all: they plugged it back
into the grid, returning the medium to its roots as a carnival sideshow,
a magic act, one big special effect", which was "a kind of
rebirth".[254]
The original Star Wars trilogy is widely
considered one of the best film trilogies in history.[257] Numerous
filmmakers have been influenced by Star Wars, including Damon Lindelof,
Dean Devlin, Roland Emmerich, John Lasseter,[258] David Fincher, Joss
Whedon, John Singleton, Kevin Smith,[252] and later Star Wars directors
J. J. Abrams and Gareth Edwards.[259] Lucas's concept of a "used
universe" particularly influenced Ridley Scott's Blade Runner (1982) and
Alien (1979), James Cameron's Aliens (1986) as well as The Terminator
(1984), George Miller's Mad Max 2 (1981), and Peter Jackson's The Lord
of the Rings trilogy (2001–2003).[252] Christopher Nolan cited Star Wars
as an influence when making the 2010 blockbuster film Inception.[260]
Fan works
Main article: Star Wars fan films
The
Star Wars saga has inspired many fans to create their own non-canon
material set in the Star Wars galaxy. In recent years, this has ranged
from writing fan fiction to creating fan films. In 2002, Lucasfilm
sponsored the first annual Official Star Wars Fan Film Awards,
officially recognizing filmmakers and the genre. Because of concerns
over potential copyright and trademark issues, however, the contest was
initially open only to parodies, mockumentaries, and documentaries. Fan
fiction films set in the Star Wars universe were originally ineligible,
but in 2007, Lucasfilm changed the submission standards to allow
in-universe fiction entries.[261] Lucasfilm has allowed but not endorsed
the creation of fan fiction, as long as it does not attempt to make a
profit.[262]
Academia
As the characters and the storyline of
the original trilogy are so well known, educators have used the films in
the classroom as a learning resource. For example, a project in Western
Australia honed elementary school students storytelling skills by
role-playing action scenes from the movies and later creating props and
audio/visual scenery to enhance their performance.[263] Others have used
the films to encourage second-level students to integrate technology in
the science classroom by making prototype lightsabers.[264] Similarly,
psychiatrists in New Zealand and the US have advocated their use in the
university classroom to explain different types of
psychopathology.[265][266]
See also
icon Speculative fiction portal
Film portal
icon Science fiction portal
501st Legion
Architecture of Star Wars
Comparison of Star Trek and Star Wars
Jedi census phenomenon
Jediism
List of space science fiction franchises
List of Star Wars characters
List of Star Wars creatures
List of Star Wars planets and moons
Music of Star Wars
Physics and Star Wars
Star Wars Celebration
Star Wars Day
Star Wars documentaries
Star Wars: The High Republic
The Force
The Story of Star Wars
Technology in Star Wars
Wookieepedia, the Star Wars Wiki
Notes
The film's release was preceded by its novelization in November 1976.
Later titled Star Wars: Episode IV – A New Hope
Most existing spin-off media was made non-canon and rebranded as 'Legends' in April 2014.[2]
Lucas
started by researching the inspiration behind Alex Raymond's Flash
Gordon comic, leading him to the works of author Edgar Rice
Burroughs—the John Carter of Mars series in particular.[57]
Played by Jake Lloyd as a child in Episode I
Each film was released two days later in the U.S.
The prequels feature a relatively sleek and new design aesthetic in comparison to the original trilogy.[99]
The original trilogy depicts the galaxy as dirty and grimy in George Lucas's depiction of a "used universe".[102]
The
sequel trilogy made a return to what J. J. Abrams called "the wonderful
preposterousness" of practical effects that were used to create the
original trilogy.[105]
Not to be confused with the board game with the same name published in 1990[205]
In
his early drafts, Lucas used the plot point of a dictator staying in
power with the support of the military. In his comment (made in the
prequel trilogy era) Lucas attributed this to Nixon's supposed intention
to defy the 22nd Amendment,[232] but the president resigned and never
ran for a third term.
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Empire of Dreams: The Story of the Star Wars Trilogy (DVD). Star Wars Trilogy Box Set DVD documentary. 2004.
"Star
Wars: Attack of the Clones". Time. April 21, 2002. Archived from the
original on June 5, 2002. Retrieved December 13, 2009. The people give
their democracy to a dictator, whether it's Julius Caesar or Napoleon or
Adolf Hitler. Ultimately, the general population goes along with the
idea ... That's the issue I've been exploring: how did the Republic turn
into the Empire?
Reagin, Nancy R.; Liedl, Janice (October 15,
2012). Star Wars and History. p. 32. ISBN 978-1-118-28525-1. Archived
from the original on June 28, 2014. Retrieved August 30, 2013.
Kaminski 2008, p. 95.
Reagin,
Nancy R.; Liedl, Janice (October 15, 2012). Star Wars and History. p.
341. ISBN 978-1-118-28525-1. Archived from the original on June 28,
2014. Retrieved August 30, 2013.
Reagin, Nancy R.; Liedl, Janice
(October 15, 2012). Star Wars and History. pp. 130–33. ISBN
978-1-118-28525-1. Archived from the original on June 28, 2014.
Retrieved August 30, 2013.
""Star Wars" offers perspective into
ancient history". University of Tennessee at Chattanooga. November 5,
2012. Archived from the original on November 23, 2015. Retrieved
November 12, 2018.
Danesi, Marcel (2012). Popular Culture: Introductory Perspectives. Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 165–. ISBN 978-1-4422-1783-6.
Brooker,
Will (2002). Using the Force: Creativity, Community, and Star Wars
Fans. New York [u.a.]: Continuum. ISBN 978-0-8264-5287-0.
"The power
of the dark side". Chicago Tribune. May 8, 2005. Archived from the
original on May 22, 2011. Retrieved June 13, 2016.
Emerson, Jim
(2007). "How Star Wars Shook The World". MSN Movies. Archived from the
original on June 3, 2008. Retrieved December 1, 2015.
"Online
NewsHour: The Impact of the Star Wars Trilogy Films". May 19, 2005.
Archived from the original on November 17, 2007. Retrieved June 13,
2016.
Booker, M. Keith; Thomas, Anne-Marie (March 30, 2009). The
Science Fiction Handbook. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 9–11. ISBN
978-1-4443-1035-1. Archived from the original on January 2, 2017.
Retrieved October 6, 2016.
"U.S. National Film Registry Titles".
U.S. National Film Registry. Archived from the original on August 21,
2006. Retrieved September 2, 2006.
"'Empire Strikes Back' among 25
film registry picks". Archived from the original on December 31, 2010.
Retrieved December 28, 2010.
Barnes, Mike (December 28, 2010).
"'Empire Strikes Back,' 'Airplane!' Among 25 Movies Named to National
Film Registry". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on
December 30, 2010. Retrieved December 28, 2010.
Tartaglione, Nancy
(December 14, 2021). "National Film Registry Adds Return Of The Jedi,
Fellowship Of The Ring, Strangers On A Train, Sounder, WALL-E &
More". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved December 14, 2021.
Andrews,
Mallory (July 21, 2014). "A 'New' New Hope: Film Preservation and the
Problem with 'Star Wars'". soundonsight.org. Sound on Sight. Archived
from the original on July 28, 2014. Retrieved July 27, 2014. the NFR
does not possess workable copies of the original
versions…Government-mandated agencies such as the National Film Registry
are unable to preserve (or even possess) working copies of the films on
their list without the consent of the author and/or copyright holder.
"Request
Denied: Lucas Refuses to Co-Operate with Government Film Preservation
Organizations". savestarwars.com. Saving Star Wars. 2011. Archived from
the original on December 3, 2014. Retrieved July 27, 2014. When the
request was made for STAR WARS, Lucasfilm offered us the Special Edition
version. The offer was declined as this was obviously not the version
that had been selected for the Registry.
Ulanoff, Lance (December
17, 2015). "The search for the 'Star Wars' George Lucas doesn't want you
to see". Mashable. Archived from the original on October 13, 2016.
Retrieved October 12, 2016.
Cook, David A. (2000). Lost Illusions:
American Cinema in the Shadow of Watergate and Vietnam, 1970–1979 (1st
paperback print. ed.). Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN
978-0-520-23265-5.
Bigsby, Christopher (2006). The Cambridge
Companion to Modern American Culture ([Online-Ausg.]. ed.). Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-84132-0.
"The power of
the dark side". Chicago Tribune. May 8, 2005. Archived from the original
on May 22, 2011. Retrieved June 13, 2016.
The Force Is With Them: The Legacy of Star Wars. Star Wars Original Trilogy DVD Box Set: Bonus Materials. 2004.
Ebert,
Roger (June 28, 1999). "Great Movies: Star Wars". Chicago Sun-Times.
Sun-Times Media Group. Archived from the original on April 13, 2013.
Retrieved October 1, 2006.
Shone, Tom (2004). Blockbuster: How
Hollywood Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Summer. London: Simon
& Schuster. p. 64. ISBN 0-7432-6838-5.
Greydanus, Steven D. "An
American Mythology: Why Star Wars Still Matters". Decent Films Guide.
Archived from the original on February 6, 2012. Retrieved October 1,
2006.
Biskind, Peter (1998). "Star Bucks". Easy Riders, Raging
Bulls: How the Sex-Drugs-and-Rock 'N' Roll Generation Saved Hollywood.
New York: Simon & Schuster. pp. 336–337, 343. ISBN 0-684-80996-6.
For a sampling of the reviews, read the following:
"The
33 Greatest Movie Trilogies | 2. The Original Star Wars Trilogy".
Empire. Bauer Media Group. Archived from the original on December 22,
2014. Retrieved May 20, 2014.
Gibron, Bill (September 21, 2011). "The
10 Greatest Motion Picture Trilogies of All Time". PopMatters. Archived
from the original on December 23, 2015. Retrieved May 20, 2014.
Griffin,
Michael (September 11, 2013). "Good Things Come In Threes: Great Movie
Trilogies". Hollywood.com. Archived from the original on May 21, 2014.
Retrieved May 20, 2014.
Ellwood, Gregory; Eggersten, Chris; Fienberg,
Dan; McWeeny, Drew; Lewis, Dave (April 25, 2013). "10 of the best movie
trilogies of all-time | 1. Star Wars Episodes IV – VI". HitFix.
Archived from the original on May 21, 2014. Retrieved May 20, 2014.
Pond,
Steve (February 21, 2014). "Why Disney Fired John Lasseter – And How He
Came Back to Heal the Studio". TheWrap. The Wrap News Inc. Archived
from the original on May 8, 2014. Retrieved May 10, 2014.
Hopkins,
Jessica (February 27, 2011). "The film that changed my life: Gareth
Edwards". The Guardian. Archived from the original on May 5, 2014.
Retrieved May 10, 2014.
"Christopher Nolan's Star Wars Inspiration".
ContactMusic.com. July 16, 2010. Archived from the original on December
19, 2014. Retrieved September 24, 2010.
"Filmmaker Kevin Smith
Hosts 'The Official Star Wars Fan Film Awards' on SCI FI Channel; George
Lucas to Present Special Honor". Business Wire. April 23, 2002.
Archived from the original on June 29, 2012. Retrieved March 28, 2008.
Knapton,
Sarah (April 7, 2008). "Court to rule in Star Wars costume battle". The
Guardian. UK. Archived from the original on April 11, 2008. Retrieved
April 15, 2008.
Hesterman, Sandra (December 1, 2011). "Multiliterate
Star Warians : the force of popular culture and ICT in early learning".
Australasian Journal of Early Childhood. 36 (4): 86–95.
doi:10.1177/183693911103600412. ISSN 1836-9391. S2CID 56078619. Archived
from the original on June 30, 2020. Retrieved December 11, 2019.
Thompson,
Stephanie (November 1, 2006). "The science of Star Wars: Integrating
technology and the Benchmarks for Science Literacy". Science Scope.
Washington, D.C.: 55. ISSN 0887-2376.
Friedman, Susan Hatters; Hall,
Ryan C. W. (December 1, 2015). "Teaching Psychopathology in a Galaxy
Far, Far Away: The Light Side of the Force". Academic Psychiatry. 39
(6): 719–725. doi:10.1007/s40596-015-0340-y. ISSN 1042-9670. PMID
25933645. S2CID 27871244.
Hall, Ryan C. W.; Friedman, Susan Hatters
(December 1, 2015). "Psychopathology in a Galaxy Far, Far Away: the Use
of Star Wars' Dark Side in Teaching". Academic Psychiatry. 39 (6):
726–732. doi:10.1007/s40596-015-0337-6. ISSN 1042-9670. PMID 25943902.
S2CID 19738769.
Works cited
Arnold, Alan (1980). Once Upon a
Galaxy: A Journal of the Making of The Empire Strikes Back. Ballantine
Books. ISBN 978-0-345-29075-5.
Bouzereau, Laurent (1997). The Annotated Screenplays. Del Rey. ISBN 978-0-345-40981-2.
Kaminski, Michael (2008) [2007]. The Secret History of Star Wars. Legacy Books Press. ISBN 978-0-9784652-3-0.
Rinzler, Jonathan W. (2005). The Making of Star Wars, Episode III: Revenge of the Sith. Del Rey. ISBN 978-0-345-43139-4.
——— (2007). The Making of Star Wars: The Definitive Story Behind the Original Film (Star Wars). Del Rey. ISBN 978-0-345-49476-4.
Further reading
Decker, Kevin S. (2005). Star Wars and Philosophy. Open Court. ISBN 978-0-8126-9583-0.
Campbell, Joseph (1991). The Power of Myth. Anchor. ISBN 978-0-385-41886-7.
Henderson, Mary (1997). Star Wars: The Magic of Myth. Bantam. ISBN 978-0-553-10206-2.
Cavlelos, Jeanne (1999). The Science of Star Wars. St. Martin's Press. ISBN 978-0-312-20958-2.
Nancy R. Reagin, Janice Liedl, ed. (2012). Star Wars and History. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-0-470-60200-3.
Star
Wars: Where Science Meets Imagination. National Geographic & Boston
Museum of Science. October 2005. ISBN 978-0-7922-6200-8.
Belluomini,
L. (2022). "The Mandalorian as Philosophy: 'This Is the Way'". In
Johnson D. K. (ed.). The Palgrave Handbook of Popular Culture as
Philosophy. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham.
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-97134-6_104-1. ISBN 978-3-319-97134-6. S2CID
245779254.
Immerwahr, Daniel (2022). "The Galactic Vietnam:
Technology, Modernization, and Empire in George Lucas's Star Wars"
(PDF). Ideology in U.S. Foreign Relations. pp. 435–451.
doi:10.7312/nich20180-022. ISBN 978-0-231-55427-5.
External links
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Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Star Wars tourism.
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Yoda
Stories (1997)Episode I: Jedi Power Battles (2000)Episode I: Obi-Wan's
Adventures (2000)Obi-Wan (2001)Lethal Alliance (2006)Jedi: Fallen Order
(2019)Jedi: Survivor (2023)
Film adaptations
Episode I – The Phantom Menace (1999)Episode II – Attack of the Clones (2002)Episode III – Revenge of the Sith (2005)
The Clone Wars
Jedi Alliance (2008)Lightsaber Duels (2008)Republic Heroes (2009)
The Force Unleashed
The Force Unleashed (2008)The Force Unleashed II (2010)
Arcade
Star
Wars (1983)Return of the Jedi (1984)The Empire Strikes Back
(1985)Arcade (1993)Trilogy Arcade (1998)Racer Arcade (2000)Battle Pod
(2014)
Racing
Episode I: Racer (1999)Racer Arcade (2000)Super Bombad Racing (2001)Racer Revenge (2002)
Role-playing
Galaxies (2003) Jump to LightspeedUprising (2015)Galaxy of Heroes (2015)
Knights of the Old Republic
Knights of the Old Republic (2003)II: The Sith Lords (2004)The Old Republic (2011)
Simulation
Droid Works (1998)Pit Droids (1999)Squadrons (2020)
X-Wing
X-Wing (1993)TIE Fighter (1994)X-Wing vs. TIE Fighter (1997)X-Wing Alliance (1999)
Strategy
Chess
(1993)Rebellion (1998)Force Commander (2000)Galactic Battlegrounds
(2001)Empire at War (2006) Forces of CorruptionForce Collection
(2013)Commander (2014)Force Arena (2017)Rise to Power (TBA)
First-person shooter
Republic Commando (2005)
Jedi Knight
Dark Forces (1995)Jedi Knight (1997) Mysteries of the SithJedi Knight II: Jedi Outcast (2002)Jedi Academy (2003)
Crossovers
Disney Infinity 3.0 (2015)Disney Magic Kingdoms (2019)The Sims 4: Journey to Batuu (2020)
Lego
The
Video Game (2005)II: The Original Trilogy (2006)The Complete Saga
(2007)III: The Clone Wars (2011)The Force Awakens (2016)The Skywalker
Saga (2022)
Angry Birds
Angry Birds Star Wars (2012)Angry Birds Star Wars II (2013)
Cancelled games
Return of the Jedi: Ewok Adventure (1983)1313 (2013)Attack Squadrons (2014)Project Ragtag (2017)
Compilations
The LucasArts Archives (1995 – 1998)The Best of PC (2006)
Other Star Wars Articles
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The Mandalorian
Episodes
Season 1
"Chapter
1: The Mandalorian""Chapter 2: The Child""Chapter 3: The Sin""Chapter
4: Sanctuary""Chapter 5: The Gunslinger""Chapter 6: The
Prisoner""Chapter 7: The Reckoning""Chapter 8: Redemption"
Season 2
"Chapter
9: The Marshal""Chapter 10: The Passenger""Chapter 11: The
Heiress""Chapter 12: The Siege""Chapter 13: The Jedi""Chapter 14: The
Tragedy""Chapter 15: The Believer""Chapter 16: The Rescue"
Other
Season 3
Characters
Original
The
ArmorerThe ClientDin Djarin / The MandalorianCara DuneMoff
GideonGroguIG-11Greef KargaKuiilMigs MayfeldFennec ShandPaz Vizsla
Returning
Boba FettBib FortunaBo-Katan KryzeR2-D2Luke SkywalkerAhsoka TanoCobb Vanth
Spin-offs
The Book of Boba FettAhsoka
See also
AccoladesStar WarsStar Wars original trilogyFortnite Battle Royale
Category
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Star Wars Legends novels (1976–2014)
Film novelizations
From
the Adventures of Luke Skywalker (1976)The Empire Strikes Back
(1980)Return of the Jedi (1983)Episode I – The Phantom Menace
(1999)Episode II – Attack of the Clones (2002)Episode III – Revenge of
the Sith (2005)The Clone Wars (2008)
Series
Han Solo The Han
Solo Adventures (1979–1980)The Han Solo Trilogy (1997–1998)Scoundrels
(2013)The Lando Calrissian Adventures (1983)Thrawn (1991–1998)Jedi
Academy (1994)Callista trilogy (1995–1997)Young Jedi Knights
(1995–1998)The Black Fleet Crisis (1996–1998)X-wing (1996–2012)Galaxy of
Fear (1997–1998)Boba Fett (1998–2006)Darth Maul (2001–2014)Jedi Quest
(2001–2004)Dark Nest (2004)The Last of the Jedi (2005–2007)Legacy of the
Force (2006–2008)Coruscant Nights (2008–2009)The Force Unleashed
(2008–2010)Fate of the Jedi (2009–2012)
Jedi Prince series
The
Glove of Darth Vader (1992)The Lost City of the Jedi (1992)Zorba the
Hutt's Revenge (1992)Mission from Mount Yoda (1993)Queen of the Empire
(1993)Prophets of the Dark Side (1993)
Jedi Apprentice
The
Rising Force (1999)The Dark Rival (1999)The Hidden Past (1999)The Mark
of the Crown (1999)The Defenders of the Dead (1999)The Uncertain Path
(2000)The Captive Temple (2000)The Day of Reckoning (2000)The Fight for
Truth (2000)The Shattered Peace (2000)The Deadly Hunter (2000)The Evil
Experiment (2001)The Dangerous Rescue (2001)The Ties That Bind (2001)The
Death of Hope (2001)The Call to Vengeance (2001)The Only Witness
(2002)The Threat Within (2002)Special Edition #1: Deceptions
(2001)Special Edition #2: The Followers (2002)
The New Jedi Order
Vector
Prime (1999)Dark Tide I: Onslaught (2000)Dark Tide II: Ruin
(2000)Agents of Chaos I: Hero's Trial (2000)Agents of Chaos II: Jedi
Eclipse (2000)Balance Point (2000)Recovery (2001)Edge of Victory I:
Conquest (2001)Edge of Victory II: Rebirth (2001)Star by Star (2001)Dark
Journey (2002)Enemy Lines I: Rebel Dream (2002)Enemy Lines II: Rebel
Stand (2002)Traitor (2002)Destiny's Way (2002)Ylesia (2002)Force Heretic
I: Remnant (2003)Force Heretic II: Refugee (2003)Force Heretic III:
Reunion (2003)The Final Prophecy (2003)The Unifying Force (2003)
Clone Wars series
Shatterpoint (2003)The Cestus Deception (2004)The Hive (2004)MedStar duology (2004)Jedi Trial (2004)Yoda: Dark Rendezvous (2004)
Republic Commando
Hard Contact (2004)Triple Zero (2006)True Colors (2007)Order 66 (2008)501st (2009)
Darth Bane series
Path of Destruction (2006)Rule of Two (2007)Dynasty of Evil (2009)
The Old Republic series
Fatal Alliance (2010)Revan (2011)Annihilation (2012)
Standalone
Splinter
of the Mind's Eye (1978)The Truce at Bakura (1993)The Courtship of
Princess Leia (1994)The Crystal Star (1994)The New Rebellion
(1996)Shadows of the Empire (1996)I, Jedi (1998)Rogue Planet (2000)Cloak
of Deception (2001)The Approaching Storm (2002)A Forest Apart
(2003)Tatooine Ghost (2003)Survivor's Quest (2004)Labyrinth of Evil
(2005)Dark Lord: The Rise of Darth Vader (2005)Allegiance (2007)Death
Star (2007)Luke Skywalker and the Shadows of Mindor (2008)Millennium
Falcon (2008)Death Troopers (2009)Gambit: Stealth (2010)Crosscurrent
(2010)Knight Errant (2011)Dawn of the Jedi: Into the Void (2013)Crucible
(2013)
Full list of Star Wars books
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Lego Star Wars
Sets
Video games
The
Video Game (2005)II: The Original Trilogy (2006)The Complete Saga
(2007)III: The Clone Wars (2011)The Force Awakens (2016)The Skywalker
Saga (2022)
Film and animation
Short films
Revenge of the Brick (2005)The Quest for R2-D2 (2009)Bombad Bounty (2010)
Television series
Droid Tales (2015)The Resistance Rises (2016)The Freemaker Adventures (2016–2017)
Category
vte
Star Wars: The Clone Wars
George LucasGenndy TartakovskyDave FiloniHenry Gilroy
Media
Film
The Clone Wars (2008)
Television
Clone Wars (2003–2005)The Clone Wars (2008–2014; 2020)The Bad Batch (2021–present)Tales of the Jedi (2022–present)
Episodes
"The Hidden Enemy""Hostage Crisis""R2 Come Home" and "Lethal Trackdown""The Gathering"
Characters
Main
Obi-Wan KenobiCaptain RexAnakin Skywalker / Darth VaderAhsoka TanoClone troopers
Antagonists
Sith
Darth BaneCount Dooku / Darth TyranusDarth MaulChancellor Palpatine / Darth Sidious
Neutral
Cad BaneBosskBoba FettGreedoJabba the HuttAsajj VentressQuinlan Vos
Other
Battle DroidsGeneral GrievousMandalorians Bo-Katan Kryze
Republic
Jedi
The SentinelQui-Gon JinnMace WinduYoda
Senators
Padmé AmidalaJar Jar BinksMon MothmaBail Organa
Allies
Captain AckbarC-3POChewbaccaSaw GerreraR2-D2Captain/Admiral Tarkin
Related
Star Wars Rebels (2014–18)The Mandalorian (2019–present) The Book of Boba Fett (2021–22)Ahsoka (2023–present)
Category
vte
Star Wars Rebels
Simon KinbergDave FiloniGreg WeismanJohn Jackson MillerTimothy Zahn
Episodes
"Twin Suns"
Novels
A New Dawn (2014)Servants of the Empire (2014–2015)
Thrawn
Thrawn (2017)Thrawn: Alliances (2018)Thrawn: Treason (2019)Thrawn Ascendancy (2020–2021)
Characters
Main
Ezra BridgerThe Grand InquisitorKanan Jarrus (Caleb Dume)Captain/Commander Rex (CT-7567)Grand Admiral Thrawn (Mitth'raw'nuruodo)
Recurring
Rebellion
Wedge AntillesC-3POSaw GerreraR2-D2Bail OrganaPrincess Leia OrganaAhsoka Tano
Empire
Emperor Sheev Palpatine / Darth SidiousAnakin Skywalker / Darth VaderGrand Moff Wilhuff Tarkin
Other
Lando CalrissianMandalorians Bo-Katan KryzeMaulHondo OhnakaYoda
Related
The Clone Wars (2008–2014; 2020)Ahsoka (2023–present)
Category
vte
Star Wars: Knights of the Old Republic
Star Wars
Video games
Knights
of the Old Republic (2003)Knights of the Old Republic II: The Sith
Lords (2004)The Old Republic (2008–present) Rise of the Hutt Cartel
(2013)
Characters
HK-47JuhaniKreiaCarth OnasiAtton RandRevanBastila ShanMission VaoVette
Comics
Knights of the Old Republic (2006–2010)The Old Republic (2010–2011)
Novels
The Old Republic: Fatal Alliance (2010)The Old Republic: Revan (2011)The Old Republic: Annihilation (2012)
Development
Companies
AspyrBioWareElectronic ArtsLucasArtsObsidian Entertainment
Key people
Chris AvelloneCasey HudsonDrew KarpyshynJames Ohlen
Related
Star Wars: Galaxy of Heroes (2015)The Sith Lords Restored Content Modification
Category
vte
Star Wars: Jedi Knight
Video games
Dark Forces (1995)Jedi Knight (1997) Mysteries of the SithJedi Outcast (2002)Jedi Academy (2003)
Game content
Kyle KatarnMovie Battles (mod)
Category
vte
Star Wars: Jedi Apprentice series
Primary series
The
Rising ForceThe Dark RivalThe Hidden PastThe Mark of the CrownThe
Defenders of the DeadThe Uncertain PathThe Captive TempleThe Day of
ReckoningThe Fight for TruthThe Shattered PeaceThe Deadly HunterThe Evil
ExperimentThe Dangerous RescueThe Ties That BindThe Death of HopeThe
Call to VengeanceThe Only WitnessThe Threat Within
Special Editions
Special Editions #1: DeceptionsSpecial Editions #2: The Followers
Main characters
Qui-Gon JinnObi-Wan KenobiYoda
See also
Jude WatsonList of Star Wars books
vte
Star Wars: Rogue Squadron
Video games
Rogue Squadron (1998)Rogue Squadron II: Rogue Leader (2001)Rogue Squadron III: Rebel Strike (2003)
Related games
Star Wars Episode I: Battle for Naboo (2000)Squadrons (2020)
Developers
Michael A. Stackpole X-Wing: Rogue SquadronFactor 5LucasArts
Category
Related articles
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Lucasfilm
Walt Disney Studios
Productions
Films
American
Graffiti (1973)Star Wars (1977)More American Graffiti (1979)The Empire
Strikes Back (1980)Raiders of the Lost Ark (1981)Return of the Jedi
(1983)Twice Upon a Time (1983)Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom
(1984)Latino (1985)Mishima: A Life in Four Chapters (1985)Labyrinth
(1986)Howard the Duck (1986)Tucker: The Man and His Dream (1988)Willow
(1988)The Land Before Time (1988)Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade
(1989)Radioland Murders (1994)Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace
(1999)Star Wars: Episode II – Attack of the Clones (2002)Star Wars:
Episode III – Revenge of the Sith (2005)Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of
the Crystal Skull (2008)Star Wars: The Clone Wars (2008)Red Tails
(2012)Strange Magic (2015)Star Wars: The Force Awakens (2015)Rogue One: A
Star Wars Story (2016)Star Wars: The Last Jedi (2017)Solo: A Star Wars
Story (2018)Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker (2019)Indiana Jones and the
Dial of Destiny (2023)
Unproduced
Star Wars: Duel of the Fates
TV series
Star
Wars: Droids (1985–86)Ewoks (1985–86)Maniac Mansion (1990–93)The Young
Indiana Jones Chronicles (1992–96)Star Wars: Clone Wars (2003–05)Star
Wars: The Clone Wars (2008–20)Star Wars Rebels (2014–18)Lego Star Wars:
The Freemaker Adventures (2016–17)Star Wars Resistance (2018–20)The
Mandalorian (2019–present)Star Wars: The Bad Batch (2021–present)Star
Wars: Visions (2021–present)The Book of Boba Fett (2021–present)Obi-Wan
Kenobi (2022)Light & Magic (2022)Andor (2022–present)Tales of the
Jedi (2022)Willow (2022–present)Ahsoka (2023)Skeleton Crew (2023)The
Acolyte (TBA)
Unaired
Star Wars Detours
TV films
Caravan of Courage: An Ewok Adventure (1984)Ewoks: The Battle for Endor (1985)
Theme park
films
Captain EO (1986)Star Tours (1987)ExtraTERRORestrial Alien Encounter (1995)Star Tours – The Adventures Continue (2011)
Franchises
Star WarsIndiana Jones
Related
productions
THX 1138 (1971)
Divisions
Industrial Light & MagicSkywalker SoundLucasfilm AnimationLucasfilm Games
Former divisions
The Droid Works EditDroidSoundDroidKerner OpticalPixarTHX
People
George Lucas (Founder)Kathleen Kennedy (President)Howard Roffman (EVP, Franchise Management)
Other
StageCraftThe Seventh Tower (2000−01)
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Unofficial Star Wars media
Awards
The Official Star Wars Fan Film AwardsStar Wars Mini Movie Awards
Fan films
Broken
AllegianceChad VaderCrazy WattoThe Dark RedemptionDark
ResurrectionDarth Maul: ApprenticeDarth Vader's Psychic
HotlineDualityThe FormulaGeorge Lucas in LoveHan Solo: A Smuggler's
TradeHardware WarsHow the Sith Stole ChristmasThe Jedi
HunterKnightquestPink FivePink Five Strikes BackRebel ScumReturn of Pink
FiveRyan vs. DorkmanSaving Star WarsSith ApprenticeStar DudesStar Wars
Gangsta RapStar Wars: OriginsStar Wars: RevelationsStar Wars: SC 38 –
ReimaginedStar Wars: The Emperor's New ClonesStar Wars: Threads of
DestinyStar Wars UncutThumb WarsTIE FighterTrooper ClerksTroopsVader
Episode I: Shards of the Past
Fan edits/restorations
Backstroke of the WestHarmy's Despecialized EditionObi-Wan Kenobi: The Patterson CutThe Phantom Edit
Fan documentaries
Elstree 1976I Am Your FatherThe People vs. George LucasPlastic GalaxyThe Prequels Strike Back: A Fan's Journey
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Disney Consumer Products
Disney Store
Disney Publishing Worldwide
Disney ComicsDisney EnglishDisney PressDisney HyperionMarvel Press (joint w/Marvel)NG Media (70%)
Games & Interactive
Experiences
DCPI LabsDisney Interactive Studios (defunct)Disney MobilePlaydom (defunct)FoxNext (defunct)
Other
D23Disney comicsDisney Tsum TsumDisney VaultMarvel EntertainmentVinylmation Blank: A Vinylmation Love Story
Disney Parks, Experiences and Products Disney franchises
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Disney franchises and series
Walt Disney
Studios
Walt Disney
Animation Studios
101
DalmatiansAladdinAlice in WonderlandAtlantisBeauty and the
BeastCinderellaThe Emperor's New GrooveFantasiaFrozenHerculesThe
Hunchback of Notre DameThe Jungle BookLilo & StitchThe Lion KingThe
Little MermaidMickey MouseMulanPeter PanPocahontasSleeping BeautySilly
SymphonySnow WhiteTangledTarzanWinnie the PoohWreck-It Ralph
Walt Disney
Pictures†
Air
BudBeverly Hills ChihuahuaThe Chronicles of NarniaDexter
RileyFlubberHerbieHoney, I Shrunk the KidsInspector GadgetMaleficentThe
Mighty DucksThe MuppetsNational TreasureThe Parent TrapPirates of the
CaribbeanThe Santa ClauseThe Shaggy DogSister ActTronTurner &
HoochWho Framed Roger RabbitWitch Mountain
Pixar
CarsFinding NemoThe IncrediblesInside OutMonsters, Inc.Toy Story
Disneytoon Studios
Tinker Bell
Marvel Studios
Marvel Cinematic UniverseSpider-ManX-Men
Lucasfilm
Indiana JonesStar Wars
20th Century
Studios‡
Alien
NationAlienAlien vs. PredatorAvatarBehind Enemy LinesCheaper by the
Dozen§Diary of a Wimpy Kid§Die HardFireflyThe FlyHome AloneIce
Age§Independence DayKingsmanMaze RunnerNight at the Museum§The OmenPercy
JacksonPlanet of the ApesPredatorRevenge of the NerdsX-Men
Walt Disney
Television
Disney Channel
The Cheetah GirlsDescendantsHalloweentownHigh School Musical
FX Networks
American Story
20th Television
BuffyverseFireflyM*A*S*HThe Walking DeadThe X-Files
20th TVA
Family GuyThe Simpsons
Disney Parks,
Experiences,
and Products
A Twisted TaleKingdom KeepersPirates of the CaribbeanW.I.T.C.H.
Disney Consumer
Products
Disney
Fairies Tinker BellDisney PrincessDisney Tsum TsumDisney VillainsMarvel
UniverseMickey Mouse & Friends Donald DuckThe Muppets
Disney Games
Marvel
Games HulkMarvel vs. CapcomPunisherSpider-ManX-MenPirates of the
Caribbean video gamesThe Simpsons video gamesStar Wars video games
BattlefrontKnights of the Old RepublicLegoRogue SquadronClub
PenguinDisney InfinityDisney's Activity CenterDisney's Animated
StorybookDisney's Print StudioIllusionThe Incredible MachineKingdom
HeartsMonkey IslandSpectrobesTap Tap
† Includes Touchstone Pictures
and Hollywood Pictures‡ Includes Searchlight Pictures, 20th Century
Animation, and related assets§ Shared with Walt Disney Pictures
Category
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Hasbro
Intellectual
properties
currently
managed
by Hasbro
Toys
Action
ManBaby AliveBlytheEasy-Bake OvenFurbyG.I. JoeGlo WormGobotsHanazuki:
Full of TreasuresJemKooshKre-OLite-BriteLittlest Pet
ShopM.A.S.K.MicronautsMighty MuggsMr. Potato HeadMy Little
PonyNerfPlay-DohPound PuppiesRom the Space KnightRubik's CubeSit 'n
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SoakerTinkertoyTonkaTransformersVisionariesWeeble
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& AlliesBarrel of MonkeysBattleshipBoggleBop ItBuckaroo!Candy
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BlasterOperationOuijaParcheesiPerfectionPitRiskRookScattergoriesScrabble
(U.S. and Canada)SimonSorry!StrategoTabooTrivial
PursuitTroubleTwisterUpwordsYahtzee
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the Coast
Dungeons & DragonsMagic: The Gathering
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eOne
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& Holly's Little KingdomCupcake & Dino: General ServicesThe
Magic Hockey SkatesPat & StanPeppa PigPJ MasksRicky ZoomWinston
Steinburger and Sir Dudley Ding Dong
Distributed
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by Hasbro
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(except Japan and parts of Asia)CirKis (except U.S., UK, France and
Germany)FurReal Friends (except Japan)iDog (except Japan)Yo-kai Watch
(except Asia)Zoids (except Japan)
Licensed
products
Are You
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exclusivesMarvel Super Hero SquadMarvel UniverseSpider-Man Classics20th
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