The R3010 is the FPU for the MIPS R3000 CPU. It provides high-speed floating point capability for systems based on the R3000 CPU. The organization of the FPU architecture is similar to that of the R3000 CPU, and allows for optimization of both integer and floating-point performance.

The R3010 FPU connects seamlessly to the R3000 CPU via the R3000 coprocessor interface CP1, and since both units receive instructions in parallel, floating-point instructions can be initiated at the same single cycle rate as fixed-point instructions.

R3010 FPU can perform conversion, comparison, load, store, move and arithmetic operations with single and double-precision numbers. The R3010 FPU resides on the same system bus as the main CPU, and communicates with the CPU using R3000 co-processor interface. During its operation the R3010 co-processor monitors system bus, and when it encounters floating-point instruction it loads it into 6-stage pipeline, where the instruction is decoded and executed. For instruction execution the FPU utilizes three calculation units: Addition/Subtraction, Multiplication and Division. Operations in these units can be performed concurrently, which allows the co-processor to execute up to three different instructions at the same time. Also, during execution of floating-point instructions the main processor may continue to execute non-floating instructions. Once the FPU finishes instruction processing, it sends results and exception data back to the CPU. Please note that while the co-processor doesn't require assistance of the main CPU in processing floating-point instructions, it still requires the main CPU to generate necessary cache and memory signals.

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