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יעקב בן אבא מארי אנטולי, 1197-1256;1866
LYCK : דפוס R. SIEBERT
important work by the thirteenth century sage, R. Jacob ben Abba Mari Samson Anatoli, on education, to inculcate the principles of faith and divine service. A second title page lists the officers of the Mekitze Nedarim Society, which specialized in printing old Hebrew classics not previously published. There is an introduction from the publisher, an approbation from the gaon R. Solomon Kluger, an introduction from the author, and then the text, which is set in a single column in rabbinic type. Malamad ha-Talmidim is divided into chapters according to the weekly Scriptural portions. In it R. Anatoli manifests a wide acquaintance not only with the classic Jewish exegetes, but also with Plato, Aristotle, Averroes, and the Vulgate, as well as with a large number of Christian institutions, some of which he ventures to criticize, such as celibacy and monastic castigation, as well as certain heretics and repeatedly appeals to his readers for a broader cultivation of the classic languages and the profane branches of learning. The work argues that observance of the commandments must rest on knowledge of the reasons underlying them and on an adequate understanding of the biblical texts as well as of the prayers. The author sharply castigates the superficial reader of the Bible and endeavors both to demonstrate the ethical value of the biblical stories and to disclose the hidden philosophical truth which, in his opinion, is inherent in the language of Scripture. Yet his sermons also contain practical admonitions. For example, he reproaches those who, like the non-Jews, permit their daughters to sing love songs, and those who indulge in incantations to obtain answers to various questions in dreams. He was an enemy of superstition and of outward piety. In addition to thinkers such as Plato, Aristotle, and Averroes he also refers to the Vulgate and cites the biblical interpretations of such contemporaries as Michael Scot and Emperor Frederick II. Anatoli contributed greatly to the dissemination of philosophical knowledge among the Jews of Italy. The Malmad ha-Talmidim was widely read in the 13th century; parts of it are quoted almost verbatim in the works of R. Zerahiah b. Isaac Gracian and Immanuel of Rome. It was also well known beyond Italy. When R. Solomon b. Abraham Adret issued his famous ban against philosophy and philosophers, he named Malmad ha-Talmidim as a dangerous work which should be proscribed.R. Jacob ben Abba Mari Samson Anatoli was a physician, homilist, and translator. He married a daughter of R. Samuel ibn Tibbon. At the suggestion of friends in Narbonne and Beziers, R. Anatoli began translating Arabic works on astronomy and logic into Hebrew. However, before completing them, he left France for Naples where he is mentioned in 1231. There Emperor Frederick II employed him as a physician and enabled him to devote himself to scholarly work. In Naples R. Anatoli became a close associate of another favorite of the emperor, the learned Michael Scot, who had translated works by Aristotle and Averroes from Arabic into Latin. It is doubtful that Anatoli assisted Scot in his translations, as some scholars maintain. Anatoli translated Averroes' Intermediate Commentary on the first five books of Aristotle's Logic; the Almagest of Ptolemy; and the astronomical work of al-Farghani (Elements of Astronomy); the Compendium of the Almagest by Averroes. Other translations have been erroneously ascribed to R. Anatoli. He was also an active preacher. In his discourses, R. Anatoli employs allegorical and philosophical exegesis. Generally, he followed Maimonides, and his sharp public rebuke of the latter's detractors made him many enemies. This was, probably, one of the reasons which caused him to leave France. In Naples he also encountered opposition.
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1891 VILNA IGGEROT TZAFON, NINETEEN LETTERS BY SAMSON R. HIRSCH
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ספראגרות צפון : יכלל תשעה עשר מכתבים על דבר היהדות ... / חברם בלשון אשכנז הרב ... שמשון בר' רפאל הירש ... ונעתקו לשפת עבר, גם חברה תולדות המחבר / מאתי משה זלמן במהו' שמואל הלל אהרנזאהן מקאוונא ; יוצא לאור ברשיון להעתיק ולהדפיס שנתן הרה"ג המחבר זצ "ל בחייו לנו השותפים המו"ל מ"ז. אהרנזאהן ויעקב הלוי ליפשיץ.הירש, שמשון רפאל, 1808-1888; תרנ"א
ווילנא :
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ס' בקורת הדעות והאמונות.פרענקיל, נחמן; תרס"א
דראהביטש : דפוס זופניק
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