(IM-13131) Original medieval illuminated manuscript leaf with Gregorian chant from a large Spanish Gradual on animal parchment  Size is 533 x 370mm – 21 x 14.5 inches.

The manuscript Latin text and music were written in black ink on both sides of the leaf, consisting of 5 lines of music on  five-line staves. 

It was created in Spain, c. 1475-1500, beautifully executed by hand over 500 years ago in the 15^th century!!!  

There are two elegant puzzle initials (“K” and “S”) in red & blue with elaborate internal & external geometric "puzzle design" (in the Moorish influenced Mudejar style) in intricate red & violet penwork; and  seven elaborate knot-work (cadel) initials heightened with yellow - four have intricate internal design in violet.

“A pen with a long slit - half or three-quarters of an inch - was used for drawing these flourishes” (Reference: Mudejar Ornament in Manuscripts, by Frances Spalding, p. 4, Hispanic Society of America, 1953,).  Aside from the pen a sizable amount of talent was also required to produce this amazing fluid puzzle design!

The knot-work “A” continues the Agnus Dei  “Agnus dei qui tollis…” (Lamb of God who takes away the sins of the world grant us peace). 

The knot-work “I” begins:  “Ita missa est”  (Go, the mass has ended).

The elaborate illuminated “K” begins the Kyrie: “Kyrie leyson…” (Lord have mercy).

The knot-work “X” continues  “Xpriste leyson” (Christ have mercy).

The elaborate illuminated “S” begins the Sanctus: “Sanctus…” (Holy…).

This is an original, not a reproduction, and is in excellent condition with very little devotional wear as seen in the photos.   It comes with a certificate of authenticity.   

Graduals contain the musical chants for the proper of the Mass: introits, graduals, tracts, alleluia, offertory and communion verses, and sequences for special feasts. They were used by priests, monks and nuns in churches and religious enclaves. The large size allowed them to be seen by multiple members of a choral section. They may also include chants for the ordinary of the Mass: Kyrie, Gloria, Sanctus, Agnus Dei, and for the introductory ‘asperges’ rite.

As is usual with Medieval and Renaissance parchment, the hair side of the leaf is darker than the flesh side, but may take ink somewhat better.  The differences in tone caused scribes to arrange their quires so that the hair side of one sheet faced the hair side of the next, and the flesh side faced the flesh side.